千里香化学成分的研究

千里香［ Murraya paniculata （L.）Jack］枝叶晒干、甲醇浸泡提取,对乙酸乙酯萃取部分用 硅胶柱层析、凝胶柱层析等分离手段进行分离。从千里香中分离得到6个化合物,经核磁共振波谱 鉴定其结构为 indazole（1 1）、5,3''-dihydroxy-7,8,4''-trimethoxyflavone（2 2）、3,5,7,8,3'',4'',5''- heptamethoxyflavone（3 3）、5-hydroxy-3,7,8,3'',4'',5''-hexamethoxyflavone（4 4）、3,5,6,7,3'',4'',5''- heptamethoxyflavonol（5 5）、exoticin（6 6）,其中化合物1 1和2 2从九里香属植物中首次分离得到。     

姜花中二芳基庚烷及黄酮成分的分离鉴定

姜花（ Hedychium coronarium Koen）根茎用甲醇提取,利用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20 柱层析、薄层层析及HPLC等手段对其化学成分进行分离纯化,得到5个化合物,经波谱解析和对 其理化性质进行对比,鉴定为3个二芳基庚烷和2个黄酮,分别是gingerenone A（1 1）,rel-（3 R ,5 S ）-3, 5-dihydroxy-1-（4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl）-7-（4-hydroxyphenyl）-heptane（2 2）,hexahydrocurcumin （3 3）,3,5,7,4´-tetramethoxyflavone（4 4）和5-hydroxy-3,7,4´-trimethoxyflavone（5 5）。化合物1 1～4 4为 首次从姜花中分离得到。     

遵义朝天椒的化学成分研究

采用硅胶、凝胶及中高压反相色谱等多种分离方法,从遵义朝天椒乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部位分离得到了9个化合物,经核磁共振、质谱等波谱方法分别鉴定出其结构为:capsaicin(1),dihydrocapsaicin(2),acetovanillone(3),(-)-epiloliolide(4),(+) dehydrovomifoliol(5),Ferulic acid(6),vanillin(7),acetosyringone(8),2-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(2-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-1-propanol (9).其中化合物9首次从该植物中分离获得.     

红姜花中黄酮的分离与鉴定

风干粉碎后的红姜花（Hedychium coccineum）根茎用工业甲醇浸提,甲醇浸提物用乙酸 乙酯-水萃取。采用多种分离技术（硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20、RP-18柱层析、HPLC）分离乙酸 乙酯浸膏中的化学成分,通过NMR等方法对所得的化合物进行结构鉴定。共鉴定6个黄酮类化合 物,分别是 5-hydroxy-3,7,4’-trimethoxyflavone （1）、3,5-dihydroxy-7,4’-dimethoxyflavone （2）、 kaempferol-4’-O-methylether （3）、ermanin （4）、dihydrokaempferide （5）、aromadendrin-7,4''-dimethyl ether （6）。均为首次从红姜花中分离得到。     

柳蒿的化学成分研究

将干燥柳蒿用甲醇室温浸泡提取,提取液浓缩后依次用正己烷、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取,制得相应溶剂萃取物,利用硅胶柱色谱及HPLC等分离纯化,从乙酸乙酯萃取物中分离得到4种单一化合物,依据理化性质及波谱数据分析,分别鉴定为:香豆素(1),7-甲氧基香豆素(2),5-羟基-6,7,3′,4′-四甲氧基黄酮(3),trans-5-hydroxy-2-isopropenyl-5-methylhex-3-en-1-ol(4)。其中,化合物1,3,4为首次从柳蒿中分离得到。     

小花姜花根茎的化学成分研究

小花姜花（Hedychium sinoaureum Stapf.）根茎部分风干粉碎后用甲醇浸提。浸提物溶于水后用乙酸乙酯萃取,乙酸乙酯萃取部分综合运用多种现代分离手段,包括正反相硅胶柱色谱、MCI、Sephadex LH-20层析和半制备高效液相层析,分离得到8个化合物,结构鉴定为3个黄酮类,2个倍半萜类,1个二芳基庚烷类和2个芳香类化合物,分别为：pinocembrin （1）、3,5,7,4''-四甲氧基黄酮 （2）、5-羟基-3,7,4''-三甲氧基黄酮 （3）、3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-1,6,10-triene-3,9-diol （4）、3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-l,6,9-triene-3,11-diol （5）、letestuianin B （6）、5,6-dehydrokawain （7）、vanillin （8）。化合物1, 2和4 ~ 7为第一次从小花姜花中分离得到。     

杜鹃兰Cremastra appendiculata化学成分的分离

采用硅胶、凝胶柱色谱及HPLC对杜鹃兰（Cremastra appendiculata）的干燥假磷茎——山慈菇进行化学分离,根据化合物波谱数据鉴定其结构.结果表明,从山慈菇乙醇提取物乙酸乙酯萃取部分中分离得到4个化合物,分别为7-羟基-2,4-二甲氧基菲（7-hydroxy-2,4-dimethoxyphenanthr...     

生漆中C15三烯漆酚的分离制备

石油醚萃取生漆后,用硅胶、MCI和ODS等多种分离填料进行三烯漆酚的分离制备,纯化的单体以H-NMR、3C-NMR和高分辨质谱鉴定结构.结果表明,石油醚可萃取得到大量漆酚,硅胶柱分离以石油醚-乙酸乙酯（V(石油醚)∶V(乙酸乙酯)=30∶1~10∶1）为洗脱溶剂进行粗分,MCI和ODS分离以甲醇-水（甲醇体积分数90%）为流动相进行纯化,最后得到较高纯度的单体漆酚（质量分数达96%）,经鉴定为一种三烯漆酚,3-(8′Z,11′E,13′Z-pentadecatrienyl) catechol.     

水杨梅化学成分研究

采用柱色谱技术,对水杨梅的化学成分进行分离,从水杨梅乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部位分离得到3个化合物,从正丁醇萃取部位分离得到4个化合物;根据光谱分析和文献对照的方法鉴定它们的结构分别为:异香草酸(1),七叶内酯(2),咖啡酸(3),5-hydroxy-2-methylchromone-7-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside(4),东莨菪素(5),7-O-β-D-glucosyl-noreugenin(6),东莨菪苷(7).化合物1、2、3和7为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

药用植物松塔的化学成分研究

目的：对松科（Pinaceae）华山松（Pinu sarmandii Franch．）松塔的化学成分进行研究,以期寻找活性成分。方法：松塔的乙醇冷浸提取浸膏,依次用石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取,分别得到石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇的萃取物。氯仿和正丁醇萃取物用正、反相色谱法,MCI、Pharmadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱法和HPLC法分离,分离得到6个化合物。结果：根据理化性质和利用NMR、ESI—MS等波谱技术鉴定化合物结构,鉴定了其中的4个化合物：异海松烷（Ⅰ）;Dehydroabietic acid（Ⅱ）;β-谷甾醇（Ⅲ）;β-胡萝卜苷（Ⅳ）。结论：其中化合物Ⅰ～Ⅱ为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the