无稀释剂法K-Ar定年的原理及地质应用

年轻火山物质K-Ar定年中Ar的精确测量一直是地质年代学研究的重要课题。在常规K-Ar定年法中,样品外来氩的⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar比值被假定为295.5。但研究表明,这种假定在某些情况下,尤其是在年轻样品的测量中受到了限制。一种无稀释剂的测Ar技术已在近年来得到了发展和应用。该方法的优势在于测氩系统不受³⁸Ar稀释剂的混染,利用标准大气的校准可测得样品中的⁴⁰Ar、³⁸Ar和³⁶Ar。考虑火山岩中大气氩分馏造成的影响,利用测得的³⁸Ar/³⁶Ar比值还可以对所测样品中的外来⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar比值进一步加以校正,给出精确的放射性成因⁴⁰Ar^*含量计算和K-Ar定年。目前,无稀释剂的K-Ar定年技术在地质上已有广泛应用,并能取得晚第三纪到第四纪可靠的年龄,对地质事件做出合理地解释和重建岩浆活动历史。对无稀释剂法K-Ar定年原理及地质应用的介绍,将为K-Ar年代学应用于研究晚第三纪以来的年轻火山岩提供一种有力的手段和解决途径。     

40Ar/39Ar同位素体系及其在地学上的应用

40Ar/39Ar同位素体系大体经历了3个技术阶段常规 40Ar/39Ar定年技术、40Ar/39Ar分步加热定年技术和40Ar/39Ar激光显微探针定年技术.研究表明可以通过大气中40Ar/39Ar比值随时间的变化窥探地球去气作用的时间和强度;40Ar/39Ar法不仅有助于研究岩浆冷却过程和花岗岩侵位机制等岩浆动力学的历史和壳幔演化,而且对研究热液成矿年龄也是很有效方法之一;在一定的地质条件下,沉积地层时代越老,40Ar/39Ar值越高;当今40Ar/39Ar年代法已为全球环境演变研究提供了一种强有力的工具.     

西藏南部羊应乡后碰撞火山岩40Ar/39Ar年龄及其地质意义

通过西藏羊应乡地热田4个高钾火山岩样品进行的快中子40Ar/39Ar 阶段升温定年结果,并结合其岩石地球化学研究数据,确定该地热田后碰撞火山作用发生在(10.73±0.09)～(11.40±0.11)Ma之间,形成与加厚下地壳,构造环境与岩石圈地幔减薄有关.通过对青藏高原南部冈底斯地区新近纪火山岩同位素年龄的展布的进一步分析,认为后碰撞高钾火山岩在该区广泛存在,并有由西向东逐渐年轻的趋势.     

PLC自动控制系统在常规40Ar/39Ar同位素定年系统纯化部分中的应用

对北京大学常规40Ar/39Ar同位素定年实验室纯化系统进行了自动化改造。在明确系统控制要求的基础上,设计了一种以PLC(可编程逻辑控制器)为控制核心对纯化系统进行控制的方法。自动化改造包括硬件和软件两部分:硬件部分的改造是,首先将手动阀门更换为适合系统要求的自动阀门,然后根据纯化系统对自动阀的控制要求对PLC的I/O口进行分配,并设计相关的外围电路;软件部分的改造是,利用辅助寄存器的相关位实现自动阀的互锁和对自动阀实现时序控制。纯化系统的自动化可以节省人力,提高实验仪器的利用效率,并降低人为因素对实验结果的影响,同时为实验室的进一步自动化改造奠定了基础。     

西昆仑北带早志留世构造作用及其区域地质意义

目的 探讨西昆仑北带的早古生代构造-热事件信息,为北昆仑的碰撞造山作用时限提供新的证据.方法 对原划为古元古界的埃连卡特群片麻岩中的白云母进行40 Ar/39 Ar 同位素地质年代学研究,并结合区域地质分析.结果 埃连卡特群片麻岩中白云母40 Ar/39 Ar 坪谱年龄和等时线年龄分别为434.9 Ma±4.6Ma,436.1 Ma±4.8 Ma.结论 早志留世的这次构造-热事件应该是库地-其曼于特新元古代-奥陶纪洋盆闭合之后中昆仑地块与塔里木地块之间的碰撞造山作用.     

西藏南部羊应乡后碰撞火山岩40Ar/39Ar年龄及其地质意义

通过西藏羊应乡地热田 4个高钾火山岩样品进行的快中子4 0 Ar/39Ar阶段升温定年结果 ,并结合其岩石地球化学研究数据 ,确定该地热田后碰撞火山作用发生在 (10 .73± 0 .0 9)～ (11.4 0±0 .11)Ma之间 ,形成与加厚下地壳 ,构造环境与岩石圈地幔减薄有关 .通过对青藏高原南部冈底斯地区新近纪火山岩同位素年龄的展布的进一步分析 ,认为后碰撞高钾火山岩在该区广泛存在 ,并有由西向东逐渐年轻的趋势 .     

冀北赤城红旗营子群黑云斜长片麻岩的黑云母~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年龄及其地质意义

探讨冀北赤城红旗营子群是否经历了印支期的构造热事件。通过对冀北赤城红旗营子群黑云斜长片麻岩样品进行的黑云母40 Ar/39 Ar年龄测定,获得其坪年龄和等时线年龄分别为(238.63±1.44)Ma和(238.77±1.71)Ma,两者基本一致。此年龄数据是黑云斜长片麻岩在晚古生代角闪岩相区域变质作用之后所经历印支期构造热事件的记录。综合分析冀北岩浆作用及其地质年代学特征,认为它可能与区域上同时期的酸性岩浆活动有关,是后者为此次构造热事件提供了必要的热源。     

大民屯凹陷油气充注史研究

油气充注历史的研究一直是石油地质学和油藏地球化学的重点和难点,而近年来流体定年技术的兴起为人们解决油气充注期次和时间提供了定量分析手段.利用伊利石K-Ar定年技术和流体包裹体均一温度分别研究了大民屯凹陷油气充注史.前者确定出的主充注期略晚于后者的分析结果.结合生烃史模拟资料认为:伊利石K-Ar定年结果可能更精确,但其样品挑选难度大,且只能用于砂岩油藏成藏史分析.而流体包裹体均一温度可用于碎屑岩和非碎屑岩油藏成藏史的分析.大民屯凹陷下第三系和太古界潜山油藏主充注时期为沙一二—东营早期,其中北部安福屯洼陷成藏期(沙一二期)略早于南部荣胜堡洼陷(东营早期).     

铀系法年代学研究进展及在高原盐湖中的应用

 高原盐湖在形成的各个阶段,都详尽记录和保存着其咸化阶段的环境变化信息,是研究极端干旱气候的重要载体。年代学是盐湖古气候研究最重要的一项内容,也是后续研究工作的基础。目前除了最常用的¹⁴C定年、光释光（OSL）定年、电子磁悬共振（ESR）和古地磁定年等方法外,铀系法定年在盐湖沉积的年代学研究中也得到了广泛的应用。随着技术发展,铀系测年技术方法经历了α谱法、热电离质谱法（TIMS）再到多接受器电感耦合等离子体质谱技术（MC-ICP-MS）的不同发展阶段。而这些技术方法在不同时期和阶段对第四纪及高原盐湖的定年研究做出了一定的贡献。盐湖沉积中的碳酸盐黏土、石盐和石膏等盐类矿物都可以作为铀系定年的研究材料。随着质谱技术的发展,盐类矿物的微区定年也逐渐成为可能。同时,盐湖沉积中盐类矿物的铀系定年研究仍然有限,未来多开展这些方面的研究将对铀系测年技术在盐湖沉积中的应用产生积极作用。     

大别山区同位素年龄与区域变质作用构造运动的关系

大别山区同位素年龄资料主要有K—Ar及40Ar/39Ar法和V-P_b法。K-Ar法同位素年龄值岩层上部较老,下部较新,是由于矿物结晶的先后顺序不同引起的,可能反映了地壳上升剥蚀过程,V-P_b法同位素年龄值相差较大,可能是锆石晶体随塑性体运动,互相混合造成的,K-Ar及40Ar/39Ar法与V-P-b法同位素年龄所反映的地质事实,是有差别的,但又是互相联系密不可分的。     

伊利石K-Ar测年在确定油气成藏期中的应用

利用伊利石K Ar测年确定油气成藏期 ,能够得出其绝对年龄 ,因而备受人们重视。可是在解释K Ar测年资料时 ,存在一些问题和假设。如果解释者对这些问题和假设没有足够的认识 ,其解释结果就会有误。文中以几个具体实例讨论了利用伊利石K Ar测年确定成藏期时对油气的充注时间和特征进行正确解释的方法     

早泥盆世古亚洲洋构造作用:来自可可托海和额济纳旗花岗岩年代学研究

古亚洲构造域内发育有大量的古生代酸性侵入岩。对阿尔泰造山带可可托海近3号脉的酸性侵入岩体进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年分析,以确定其岩浆作用时代及其岩浆活动的构造意义。研究区内的花岗岩包含的锆石大部分为自形-半自形晶,显示为典型的岩浆成因;测年结果发现,该岩体形成于404.4±3.2 Ma,为早泥盆世岩浆活动的产物。通过对额济纳辉森乌拉西糜棱岩化二长花岗岩中白云母⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar同位素年代学分析,获得白云母的坪年龄和等时线年龄分别为407.69±3.09 Ma和407.65±3.99 Ma,这暗示了拐子湖-呼和音乌苏弧形挤压带在早泥盆世活动的冷却年龄。以上事件与早泥盆世古亚洲洋的俯冲、碰撞的构造环境关系密切。     

Further support for a Cretaceous age for the feathered-dinosaur beds of Liaoning,China:New 40Ar/39Ar dating of the Yixian and Tuchengzi Formations

We report new 40Ar/39Ar dating results obtained from total fusion and incremental-heating analyses of sanidine and biotite from three tuffs found interbedded within the fossil-bearing deposits of Liaoning, northeast China. The first is a new sample of the Bed 6 Sihetun tuff from the Yixian Formation, previously dated by our team as middle Early Cretaceous, and recently considered by Lo et al., partially reset due to metamorphism from a nearby basaltic sill. The second is the Yixian Bed 9 tuff from Hengdaozi considered by Lo et al. to be unaffected by metamorphism and whose age, based on total fusion 40Ar/39Ar dating of biotite, argues for a Jurassic age for the Yixian Formation.The third tuff is a previously undated tuff from the upper part of the underlying Tuchengzi Formation. Single crystal total fusion 40Ar/39Ar analyses of the Sihetun sanidine showed homogeneous radiogenic Ar, Ca/K ratios, excellent reproducibility and gave a mean age of 125.0 ± 0.18 (1SD) ±0.04 (SE) Ma. Single sanidine crystal total fusion 40Ar/39Aranalyses of the Hengdaozi tuff gave a mean age of 125.0 +0.19 (1SD) ± 0.04 (SE) Ma, which is indistinguishable from the Sihetun tuff. The Tuchengzi Formation tuff gave a mean age of 139.4 ± 0.19 (1SD) ± 0.05 (SE) Ma. Detailed laser incremental-heating analyses of biotite from Sihetun, Hengdaozi, and Tuchengzi tuffs show disturbed Ar release patterns and evidence of trapped argon components. We conclude from these analyses that the total fusion dates on biotite by Lo et al. are erroneously old and isotopic dating of both biotite and sanidine from tuffs of the Yixian Formation point to a middle Early Cretaceous age. The upper part of the Tuchengzi Formation can be referred to the Early Cretaceous.``     

Ultra-low procedural blank and the single-grain mica Rb-Sr isochron dating

Both low procedural blank and high-precision measurements of isotopic ratios are crucial for the analysis of micro samples. This study reports a chemical procedure of ultra-low blank for the high precision measurement of Sr isotopic ratios on micro samples （〈1 ng level） using a new-type thermal ionization mass spectrometer IsoProbe-T, with a case study of single-grain Rb-Sr isochron dating on phlogopite from the Fuxian kimberlite in Liaoning Province. This method can be employed in studies of high resolution Rb-Sr geochronology and Sr isotopic geochemistry and thus will broaden application of the Rb-Sr isotopic system to earth sciences.     

Further support for a Cretaceous age for the feathered-dinosaur beds of Liaoning, China: New 40Ar/39Ar dating of the Yixian and Tuchengzi

We report new ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating results obtained from total fusion and incremental-heating analyses of sanidine and biotite from three tuffs found interbedded within the fossil-bearing deposits of Liaoning, northeast China. The first is a new sample of the Bed 6 Sihetun tuff from the Yixian Formation, previously dated by our team as middle Early Cretaceous, and recently considered by Lo et al., partially reset due to metamorphism from a nearby basaltic sill. The second is the Yixian Bed 9 tuff from Hengdaozi considered by Lo et al. to be unaffected by metamorphism and whose age, based on total fusion ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating of biotite, argues for a Jurassic age for the Yixian Formation. The third tuff is a previously undated tuff from the upper part of the underlying Tuchengzi Formation. Single crystal total fusion ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar analyses of the Sihetun sanidine showed homogeneous radiogenic Ar, Ca/K ratios, excellent reproducibility and gave a mean age of 125.0 ± 0.18 (1SD) ± 0.04 (SE) Ma. Single sanidine crystal total fusion ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar analyses of the Hengdaozi tuff gave a mean age of 125.0 ± 0.19 (1SD) ± 0.04 (SE) Ma, which is indistinguishable from the Sihetun tuff. The Tuchengzi Formation tuff gave a mean age of 139.4 ± 0.19 (1SD) ± 0.05 (SE) Ma. Detailed laser incremental-heating analyses of biotite from Sihetun, Hengdaozi, and Tuchengzi tuffs show disturbed Ar release patterns and evidence of trapped argon components. We conclude from these analyses that the total fusion dates on biotite by Lo et al. are erroneously old and isotopic dating of both biotite and sanidine from tuffs of the Yixian Formation point to a middle Early Cretaceous age. The upper part of the Tuchengzi Formation can be referred to the Early Cretaceous.     

^40Ar／^39Ar dating of Daqingshan thrust

The Daqingshan thrust system is an important part of the western segment of the Mesozoic Yinshan-Yanshan orogenic belt. Therefore, much attention has been paid to the thrusts due also to their large-scale and entirely devel-oped structural elements and typical structural styles. Studies and progress have been concentrated on the ge-ometry, kinematics, dating and dynamic mechanism of the thrust and thrusting. To date, there have been no reliable published isotopic data, however, on the dating…     

Laser microarea analysis of40Ar-39Ar isochron age for Fanshan superlarge alunite deposit, Zhejiang Province, China

Laser micro area analysis 40 Ar 39 Ar isochron dating for pure alunite is first reported. Micro area 40 Ar 39 Ar isochron dating results revealed that the metallogenetic epoch of Fanshan superlarge alunite deposit is 74.50 Ma, and this age is 10-20 Ma later than that of regional volcanic activity. Moreover, the potential application of micro area analysis 40 Ar 39 Ar isochron dating method in metallogenetic epoch studies for nonmetal deposits is also discussed.     

Further support for a Cretaceous age for the feathered-dinosaur beds of Liaoning,China:New 40Ar÷39Ar dating of the Yixian and Tuchengzi Formations

We report new ⁴⁰Ar÷³⁹Ar dating results obtained from total fusion and incremental-heating analyses of sanidine and biotite from three tuffs found interbedded within the fossil-bearing deposits of Liaoning, northeast China. The first is a new sample of the Bed 6 Sihetun tuff from the Yixian Formation, previously dated by our team as middle Early Cretaceous, and recently considered by Lo et al., partially reset due to metamorphism from a nearby basaltic sill. The second is the Yixian Bed 9 tuff from Hengdaozi considered by Lo et al. to be unaffected by metamorphism and whose age, based on total fusion ⁴⁰Ar÷³⁹Ar dating of biotite, argues for a Jurassic age for the Yixian Formation. The third tuff is a previously undated tuff from the upper part of the underlying Tuchengzi Formation. Single crystal total fusion ⁴⁰Ar÷³⁹Ar analyses of the Sihetun sanidine showed homogeneous radiogenic Ar, Ca÷K ratios, excellent reproducibility and gave a mean age of 125.0±0.18 (1SD)±0.04 (SE) Ma. Single sanidine crystal total fusion ⁴⁰Ar÷³⁹Ar analyses of the Hengdaozi tuff gave a mean age of 125.0±0.19 (1SD)±0.04 (SE) Ma, which is indistinguishable from the Sihetun tuff. The Tuchengzi Formation tuff gave a mean age of 139.4±0.19 (1SD)±0.05 (SE) Ma. Detailed laser incremental-heating analyses of biotite from Sihetun, Hengdaozi, and Tuchengzi tuffs show disturbed Ar release patterns and evidence of trapped argon components. We conclude from these analyses that the total fusion dates on biotite by Lo et al. are erroneously old and isotopic dating of both biotite and sanidine from tuffs of the Yixian Formation point to a middle Early Cretaceous age. The upper part of the Tuchengzi Formation can be referred to the Early Cretaceous.     

青藏高原东北缘多福屯陆内基性火山岩的40Ar/39Ar同位素定年和地球化学特征及其构造启示

目的探讨青藏高原东北缘多福屯地区钠质基性火山岩与青藏高原隆升及南北构造带活动之间的关系。方法运用地球化学和同位素Sr-Nd-Pb特征分析及全岩40Ar/39Ar同位素进行研究。结果全岩40Ar/39Ar年龄结果显示,多福屯钠质基性火山岩的形成时代为96.21 Ma±2.10 Ma,为晚白垩世(K2)早期。岩石元素-同位素地球化学特征表明,该套火山岩岩浆形成于部分熔融。火山岩表现为特征的DUPAL(高放射成因铅)异常,属似OIB性质的板内碱性—偏碱性玄武岩,源区具有DM与EMⅡ混合特点。结论多福屯火山岩相关的岩浆活动源于板块边界动力学引起的远程大陆陆内构造效应,即印度板块与欧亚大陆的早期碰撞(100～85 Ma),由于藏北板块的刚性特点,应力实现远程传递到高原东北缘,导致南北复合构造带在西秦岭西段发生构造扰动,诱发了软流圈地幔的部分熔融,形成多福屯火山岩原生岩浆。