用于亚纳米测量的横向塞曼激光器的研究

分析了亚纳米测量外差干涉仪光源的选择和建立。由于Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光器在一定的横向磁场下产生横向塞曼效应,直接输出一对正交线偏振光,且其拍频频率较低,成为适于亚纳米测量的激光源。描述了一种基于８０９８单片机的稳频系统,利用模型预测控制算法对此激光器实现了长达１０ｈ的稳频控制。实验表明此横向塞曼激光器的稳频精度达３．３８×１０－１０,所引入的最大非线性偏差为０．２６ｎｍ,表明它可用作亚纳米测量精度外差干涉仪的光源。     

杂多酸荷移跃迁盐系列研究（Ⅰ）—Keggin结构杂多酸的荷移跃迁盐的合成和表征

利用电解结晶法合成了Ｋｅｇｇｉｎ结构杂多酸荷移跃迁盐（ＢＥＤＴ－ＴＴＦ）８［ＰＭｏ３ＮｂＷ８Ｏ４０］．Ｘ－射线衍射测定为单斜晶系．晶胞参数ａ＝１４．２０（０）×１０（－８）ｃｍ；ｂ＝４３．３９（０）×１０（－８）ｃｍ；ｃ＝１３．５５（６）×１０（－８）ｃｍ；β＝９１°；Ｖ＝８．３５３×１０（－２１）ｃｍ３．该化合物具半导体性质。σｒ．ｔ＝３．７×１０（－２）Ｓｃｍ（－１）．ＥＡ＝１６０ｍｅＶ．变温磁化率测定表明其为Ｓｐｉｎ－Ｐｅｉｅｒｌｓ体系．     

跨界原生质体融合产物细胞遗传物质整合过程中DNA含量变化

报导光合细菌球形红假单胞菌与酿酒酵母跨界原生质体融合的最初产物细胞Ｆ０和Ｆ０ａ在连续９６小时的培养过程中细胞ＤＮＡ含量的变化规律．酵母及光合细菌ＤＮＡ含量分别为（４．２１±０．０４）×１０－８μｇ／ｃｅｌ和（２．４４±０．１２）×１０－８μｇ／ｃｅｌ．Ｆ０培养２４小时ＤＮＡ含量为（１０．５±０．５９）×１０－８μｇ／ｃｅｌ，到培养９６小时为（５．３０±０．４０）×１０－８μｇ／ｃｅｌ，高于任一亲株；而Ｆ０ａ则从（１７．１±０．５９）×１０－８μｇ／ｃｅｌ降低至（９．２７±０．３７）×１０－８μｇ／ｃｅｌ，高于双亲ＤＮＡ含量之和．经统计学ｔ检验，融合产物ＤＮＡ含量与双亲ＤＮＡ含量均存在显著差异ｔ＞ｔ０．０１（１０）．本研究表明原生质体融合初期，遗传物质ＤＮＡ在整合过程中数量逐步降低后可达稳定水平，而其含量高于任一亲株细胞的基本规律．     

锗（Ⅳ）－槲皮素－溴酸盐体系极谱吸附催化波的研究

在醋酸盐缓冲底液中，锗（Ⅳ）能与槲皮素形成络合物，并吸附在汞电极上，在溴酸盐存在下，形成吸附催化波。使用单扫二阶导数极谱法时，锗浓度在６．０×１０￣（－８）～２．０×１０￣（－６）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ与峰高有线性关系，检出下限为２．０×１０￣（－８）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ．电活性络合物的组成为Ｇｅ（Ⅳ）：槲皮素＝１：３。平行催化反应的速率常数ｋ＝２．８ｘ１０￣６（ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）￣（－２）·ｓ￣（－１）。     

化学发光法确定库仑滴定终点的研究

利用鲁米诺－Ｉ＿２的化学发光体系与Ａｓ（Ⅲ）的无机偶和反应，确定Ｉ＿２库仑滴定法的终点，实验证明，此法测砷的灵敏度高（检测限３．０×１０￣（－８）ｇ／Ｌ），线性范围１．０×１０￣（－６）ｇ／Ｌ～３．５×１０（－８）ｇ／Ｌ，且选择性好，仪器装置简单，操作方便．     

铀试剂Ⅲ离常数的测定

用 ｐＨ测定法、溶解度法和分光光度法测定了铀试剂Ⅲ的八个离介常数,在离子强度等于０．１时它们分别为： Ｋ１＝１３±１．２; Ｋ２＝（２．４±１．１）×１０－２, Ｈ３＝（９．６±１．１）××１０－４;Ｈ４＝（３．３±０．１）× １０－５;Ｋ５＝（５．４±０．３）×１０－８;Ｋ６＝（１．０±０．２）×１０－９;Ｋ７＝（４．７±０．４）×１０－１１;Ｋ８＝（４．７±０．５）×１０－１３。并根据这些常数作出了试剂离介形式随ＰＣＨ的分布图。     

二次导数伏安法同时测定食品中苋菜红、胭脂红色素含量

用线性扫描吸附伏安法研究了Ｔｒｉｓ－醋酸底液中（ｐＨ８．７），食用色素苋菜红，胭脂红在悬汞电极上的伏安特性，两色素分别在－０．５１Ｖ和－０．６７Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）产生强吸附还原峰，导数峰电流与其浓度分别在５．０×１０（－１０）～５．０×１０（－７）及５．０×１０（－９）～１．０×１０（－７）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈良好线性关系，本法可不经分离直接测定食品、药物胶囊中两色素各自的含量．     

十二钨硅酸及其6DMF,8DMSO加合物的标准生成焓测定

通过一系列滴定量热测定，求得了２９８．１５Ｋ时十二钨硅酸及其６ＤＭＦ、８ＤＭＳＯ加合物的标准生成焓，其数值分别为－（１３．１４±０．０１）×１０＾３ＫＪ·ｍｏｌ＾－１、－（１３．６１±０．０１）×１０＾３ＫＪ·ｍｏｌ＾－１及－（１３．８６±０．０１）×１０＾３ＫＪ·ｍｏｌ＾－１。     

维脉宁的示波极谱测定与电化学行为研究

在ＮａｏＨ底液中，维脉宁（ＲＴ）在汞电极上有一灵敏的导数还原峰，峰电位（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）为－０．７１Ｖ。导数峰电流与ＲＴ浓度在６×１０－８～１６×１０－６ｍｏＬ·Ｌ－１范围内成正比（ｒ＝０．９９９９），最低检测限为１×１０－８ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１．用该方法测定尿样中微量ＲＴ，结果满意。对ＲＴ在汞电极上的电化学行为进行了探讨。     

钾铵离子选择电极的研制及其在土壤肥料分析中的应用

以亚戊基双（４＇－苯并１５－冠－５）为中性载体，制得对Ｋ￣＋、具有相近响应的ＰＶＣ膜离子选择性电极。Ｎｅｒｎｓｔ线性响应范围１×１０￣（－１）～８×１０￣（－５）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ；响应斜率为５３ｍＶ／ＰＭ；对Ｌｉ￣＋、Ｎａ￣＋、Ｃａ￣（２＋）、Ｍｇ￣（２＋）、Ｂａ￣（２＋）的选择性系数分别为６×１０￣（－５），５×１０￣（－３），３×１０￣（－４），４×１０￣（－４），８×１０￣（－４）。用本电极可快速测出土壤肥料中速效氮、钾的含量。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the