机械加工表面分形特性的研究

随着测量分辨率的提高,工程粗糙表面会有无穷细致的结构产生,所以,任何传统的对粗糙表面定量的描述,都随测量尺度的改变而变化,未能触及到表面形貌的本质性质．文中将分形几何学用于表面微观形貌的研究,明确给出了有关分形参数的物理意义,并基于Ｗ－Ｍ函数建立了分形参数与传统表面精度指标间的关系,为粗糙表面进一步的分形研究打下了基础．     

表面形貌的分形特征研究

该文基于分形几何理论研究了表面形貌的分形特征,用结构函数法计算表面轮廓的分形维数,用Taylorsurf-6型轮廓仪对磨损前和磨损后的缸套内腔表面轮廓进行测量.分形分析结果表明,缸套内腔表面具有多重分形特征,其临界波长的大小与珩磨时的磨粒直径相对应.     

基于多重分形谱的碳纤维复合材料表面评定方法

碳纤维复合材料（CFRP）表面的多重分形谱能表征其表面形貌特征.用TalyScan 150表面测量仪测量了CFRP的表面形貌,使用小波变换算法计算了其多重分形谱.结果表明,CFRP 3D表面的形貌与其多重分形谱密切相关,Lipschitz指数的范围可以表征表面的粗糙度,多重分形谱的数值可以表征表面的波峰和波谷的分布.同传统表面粗糙度分形维数表征方法相比,多重分形谱能表征加工表面形貌的局部特征.     

岩石节理面粗糙度的分形效应与试件尺寸影响分析

 岩石节理面的粗糙度是影响岩体形变、位移和强度的主要因素,准确量测岩石节理表面的粗糙度对评价岩石力学特性非常重要.根据分形理论,岩石节理表面具有分形特征,可用分形维数描述节理表面的起伏度,但是岩石节理表面粗糙度一般不具有严格的自相似分形性质,因此,表面分形参数(分形维数D和截距A)的量测结果受到尺度的影响.本文运用三维表面激光形貌仪扫描10个不同尺度的试件(尺寸为100mm×100mm—1000mm×1000mm),结果表明,D和A随试件尺寸增大而减小,两参数都有尺度效应,但存在一个极限尺寸.综合考虑岩石表面尺寸、试件长度以及测量尺度对岩石节理表面粗糙度的影响,提出可靠的分形测量途径.     

基于分形理论的表面粗糙度测量研究

提出了一种基于分形几何理论的表面粗糙度测量与分析的方法。这种方法首先采用图像处理技术获取试件表面形貌的图像数据,然后利用分形几何的相关理论建立数学模型。依据模型对图像数据进行处理,得到能体现表面粗糙度等级的分形几何参数。     

激光切割表面三维形貌的分形特征

利用白光干涉仪测量激光切割碳素钢表面轮廓数据,应用分形几何学分析激光切割表面的三维形貌特征.采用盒计数法计算激光切割表面的三维分形维数.结果表明：不存在一个超越尺度范围普适的分形维数,只有当尺度r小于轮廓最大高度Ry,才表现出分形特征.对同一激光切割表面进行表征时,同尺度的Ra沿厚度方向变化波动较大,分形维数Db能够对整体表面形貌的复杂程度有着较稳定的表征.分析激光切割表面的三维形貌特征,分形维数表征激光切割表面微观结构的复杂程度,表面粗糙度可对激光切割表面轮廓高度特性进行辅助评价.     

PP/硅藻土复合材料断口表面分形维数及其与冲击强度关系的研究

应用硅烷偶联剂对硅藻土进行表面处理,并制备了PP/硅藻土复合材料,硅藻土的体积分数为0 ~ 15%。在室温条件下,测量了复合体系的冲击强度。采用投影覆盖法测算了复合体系的冲击断口表面分形维数,并考察了它与冲击强度之间的关系。结果表明,试样断口表面分形维数的测算值在2.4754 ~2.5230之间,强的相关性说明断口表面分形行为显著;断口表面分形维数与冲击强度之间大致上符合指数函数关系。     

弹性金属塑料磨损表面的分形特性研究

通过对完成磨损试验后的弹性金属塑料（EMP）试样表面轮廓的测量与计算,获得EMP材料的磨损表面轮廓具有分形特性,通过比较分形维数的各种计算方法,推荐结构函数法为EMP材料磨损表面的轮廓进行分形维数计算的优选方法,并计算出了该材料在本研究条件下稳定磨损状态时的分形维数。     

岩石表面微观纹理的激光测量方法及分形

开发了一种采用激光三角测量技术的微观测量系统，对花岗岩和玄武岩等岩石表面微观纹理进行测量，分析了测量系统各种误差的干扰因素．利用Matlab平台，采用盒子计数法对各种表面曲线进行分析，得出表面微观纹理的分形维数．研究结果表明，玄武岩、花岗岩和卵石的表面微观纹理粗糙程度由复杂到简单．并提出了路面石料选材的分形维数指标，可...     

基于分形理论的锈蚀钢筋表面轮廓分布特征

为了更准确地表征锈蚀钢筋的表面轮廓分布特征,利用分形理论的结构函数法推导出锈蚀钢筋截面直径的分形维数与尺度系数的计算模型.从受氯盐侵蚀的混凝土梁试件中获取4根不同锈蚀率的钢筋试样,利用千分尺测量钢筋的截面直径,并进行统计,研究其分布规律.统计结果表明:锈蚀钢筋截面直径不拒绝正态分布、对数正态分布和威布尔分布;利用所得模型计算出锈蚀钢筋截面直径的分形维数与尺度系数,其分形维数与钢筋的锈蚀率成正相关关系.结合分形维数和尺度系数定义的特征参数,可以实现锈蚀钢筋表面轮廓绝对测量与相似测量的统一,有助于更为准确地表征锈蚀钢筋的表面轮廓.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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