促性腺激素对小鼠腔前卵泡及其卵母细胞体外发育的影响研究

通过使用改良的TCM199无血清培养系统,在96孔细胞培养板中,每孔放入一个腔前卵泡等条件下,探索促性腺激素(FSH、LH)对小鼠腔前卵泡卵母细胞体外生长发育的影响,旨在摸索一套适合小鼠腔前卵泡体外生长发育的培养体系.结果表明:随着浓度的增加,卵泡和卵母细胞的直径都不同程度的有所增长,在卵泡培养的同期相比,卵泡增长值最大组为FSH400+LH200组,而卵母细胞增长值最大组却是FSH400组.从添加物上看,各个实验组与对照组之间,卵泡直径和卵母细胞直径增长值都存在显著性差异(P0.05).随着培养时间的延长,FSH400+LH200组卵泡存活率、成腔率表现为最高,分别为68.6%,47%.从卵泡发生生发泡破裂率和第一极体排出率来看,FSH400+LH200组发生生发泡破裂率高于其他组,为17.6%,但第一极体排出率却低于FSH400组.因此,改良的TCM199无血清基础培养液中联合添加400mIU/mL FSH和200mIU/ML LH效果优于单独添加组的效果.     

猪卵母细胞体外成熟及电激活后发育能力的研究

探讨了不同的成熟培养液及外源激素对猪卵母细胞体外成熟培养及电激活后孤雌胚胎发育能力的影响. 结果表明：（1）改良M199（mM199）组猪卵母细胞成熟率显著高于M199组，且这两组又较NCSU-23组能极显著提高卵母细胞的成熟率. （2）孕马血清（PMSG）+人绒毛膜促性腺激素（hCG）+促卵泡素（FSH）组卵母细胞成熟率略高于FSH+促黄体素（LH）组，两者卵母细胞成熟率极显著高于尿促性腺激素（hMG）组. （3）含胎牛血清（FBS），猪卵泡液（PFF），表皮生长因子（EGF）的培养液较对照组在卵母细胞成熟率上无显著差异，但均能显著提高电激活后的卵裂率.添加EGF组桑囊率明显高于不添加组.但分别添加FBS和PFF组较对照组在桑囊率上均无显著差异. （4）卵丘细胞扩散与卵母细胞第一极体排出之间无直接相关性，但扩散程度好能提高电激活后的卵裂率.     

抗氧化剂对小鼠腔前卵泡及其卵母细胞体外发育的影响研究

通过使用改良的TCM199无血清培养系统,在96孔细胞培养板中,每孔放入一个腔前卵泡等条件下,探索添加物抗氧化剂维生素C对小鼠腔前卵泡卵母细胞体外生长发育的影响,旨在摸索一套适合小鼠腔前卵泡体外生长发育的培养体系.结果表明:随着浓度的增加,卵泡和卵母细胞的直径都不同程度地有所增长,其中50μg/m L浓度组在卵泡培养相同时间下,卵泡和卵母细胞的增长值相对于其他浓度组略大些,但各浓度组之间无论是卵泡直径增长值还是卵母细胞直径增长值都不存在显著性差异(P0.05).培养到第6天时,50和100μg/m L浓度组卵泡存活率最高,为59.5%,且50μg/m L浓度组第一极体排出率最高,为2.38%,但发生生发泡破裂率次于150μg/m L浓度组.可得结论:在改良的TCM199无血清培养系统中,添加50μg/m L维生素C有利于腔前卵泡卵母细胞的生长,而添加150μg/m L维生素C有利于生发泡破裂.     

小鼠未成熟卵母细胞体外培养

目的：探讨小鼠未成熟裸卵体外培养,获得较高的成熟率和受精率的适宜培养时间和培养条件。方法：在培养液中添加不同剂量的人绝经期促性腺激素（hMG)和卵泡刺激素（FSH）,分别培养从未行激素刺激排卵处理的昆明系小白卵巢中获得的未成熟裸卵,培养24h和48h后,进行体外受精和胚胎培养,结果：添加不同激素和培养不同时间对未成熟裸卵的体外成熟无显著性影响（P＞0．05）,但黄体生成素（LH）的存在对培养48h后成熟卵子的体外受精率有显著性影响（P＜0．05）,并随LH含量的增多,影响也越大。结论：未成熟裸卵能在体外培养成熟并受精,但培养液中LH含量对培养较长时间的成熟裸卵的体外精率有极显著的不利影响。     

小鼠腔前卵泡卵母细胞的体外培养、体外成熟和体外受精研究

小鼠腔前卵泡在体外生长过程中，于培养液中添加血清，以及ＦＳＨ和胰岛素均对小鼠腔前卵泡的体外生长、体外成熟、体外受精起促进作用，其中以胰岛素的效果最为显著，腔前卵泡的体外成熟率和体外受精率可达６９．４％和８０．６％，但是体外受精后的体外发育率低于添加ＦＳＨ的试验组，表明ＦＳＨ有益于卵母细胞生长过程中细胞质的成熟。单层培养的卵巢颗粒细胞对腔前卵泡的体外生长也具有促进作用。将体外受精后发育至２—细胞的胚胎移植入受体鼠，胚胎可以正常着床发育。同时，卵母细胞的核仁和线粒体在培养过程中也发生相应的变化。     

绵羊卵母细胞不同cAMP水平模型的构建

环腺苷酸(cAMP)是维持哺乳动物卵母细胞减数分裂停滞的关键分子.本试验利用ELISA和地衣红染色技术,检测了西洛酰胺(Cilostamide)与乌药醚内酯(Linderane)对绵羊卵母细胞和卵丘细胞内cAMP水平以及生发泡破裂(GVBD)的影响.结果显示:体外培养3h后,10μmol/L Cilostamide和5μmol/L Linderane分别能显著提升和抑制卵母细胞而非卵丘细胞内的cAMP水平;体外培养6h后,Cilostamide组卵母细胞GVBD率(14.91%)显著低于对照组(34.45%)与联合添加组(33.47%)(P0.05),而Linderane组与其相反,表明不同cAMP水平卵母细胞模型构建成功.     

小鼠腔前卵泡卵母细胞的体外培养、体外成熟和体外受精研究

小鼠腔前卵泡在体外生长过程中，于培养液中添加血清，以及ＦＳＨ和胰岛素均对小鼠腔前卵泡的体外生长，体外成熟，体外受精起促进作用，其中以胰岛素的效果最为显著，腔前卵泡的体外成熟率和体外受精率可达６９．４％和８０．６％，但是体外受精后的体外发育率低于加ＦＳＨ的试验组，表明ＦＳＨ有益于卵母细胞生长过程中细胞质的成熟，单层培养的卵巢颗粒细胞对腔前卵泡的体外生长也具有促进作用，将体外受精后发育至２－细胞的胚胎     

"两步法"体外培养山羊卵母细胞的初步研究

体外成熟培养的卵母细胞经本外受精后，囊胚发育率远低于体内成熟卵母细胞，原因之一是由于体外成熟卵母细胞的不充分获能造成的，有假说认为：卵母细胞在体外培养过程中，如果延长GV期，可促进卵母细胞进一步获能，从而提高发育潜能。本文以山羊卵子为研究对象，探讨了山羊卵泡各种成分以及异种家畜卵泡液对山羊卵母细胞核成熟抑制以及抑制解除后减数分裂的影响，结果显示，山羊50％Q卵泡液、100％卵泡液、半卵泡、打孔整体卵泡以及完整卵泡对山羊卵母细胞的核成熟抑制率分别为：0.00%、9.38%、60.47％、78.26%和70.09%，随后，对经山羊半卵泡、打孔整体卵泡、完整卵泡抑制培养后的卵子进行恢复培养发现，卵子核成熟率分别为：64.29%、3.49%和4.13%，山卵母细胞与半卵泡共培养24h后进行0h、12h、20h、24h和30h的恢复培养，核成率分别为：0.00%、20.00%、61.90%、64.29%和43.75%，表明山羊半卵泡可以有效抑制山羊卵母细胞使之处于GV期，并且这种抑制作用可以恢复，恢复培养时间以20h和24h较为适宜，初步研究异种家畜卵泡液对山羊卵母细胞核成熟抑制的影响发现，50％牛卵泡液、1005牛卵泡液、50％绵羊卵泡液、100％绵羊卵泡液对山羊卵母细胞核成熟抑制率分别为3.7%、21.88%、10.00%、58.82%，表明，100％绵羊卵泡液对山羊卵母细胞核成熟抑制效果较好。     

瘦素对猪卵母细胞体外成熟及克隆猪妊娠率的影响

体细胞克隆猪在人类医学、基础科学研究和畜牧业生产方面均具有很大的应用潜力.为了提高体细胞克隆猪的效率,首先比较了两种基础成熟液NCSU-23和TCM199的体外成熟效果,然后在TCM199培养液的基础上,较系统地研究了添加不同浓度的瘦素对猪卵母细胞成熟、孤雌激活胚胎和克隆胚胎的体外发育以及克隆胚胎体内发育的影响.结果表明:成熟液中添加100ng/mL或200ng/mL瘦素对猪卵母细胞的核成熟没有显著影响(P>0.05);对孤雌激活卵裂率和克隆胚胎卵裂率也没有显著影响(P>0.05);但却显著提高了孤雌激活胚胎的囊胚率和囊胚细胞数,并且显著提高了克隆胚胎的囊胚率;当添加量为100ng/mL时,克隆囊胚的细胞数显著升高.另外,研究表明,瘦素很可能具有提高克隆胚胎移植妊娠率和妊娠到期率的作用.     

雌性Wistar大鼠、NIH小鼠性周期血清激素含量分析

目的通过测定Wistar大鼠和NIH小鼠性周期各期及超排后血清生殖激素雌二醇(E2)、促黄体生成激素(LH)和促卵泡生成激素(FSH)的含量,比较不同性周期实验动物的血清性激素水平,研究动物血清性激素随性周期变化的规律。方法用阴道涂片法判定动物的性周期阶段并进行分组,用放射免疫分析法测定各组动物血清E2、LH和FSH的含量,进行统计学处理和分析。结果Wistar大鼠和NIH小鼠E2各时期间无显著差异;LH以超排组最高,与其他各组比较有极显著差异(P<0.01);FSH在动情后期最高,与各组比较有极显著差异(P<0.01)。结论雌性大、小鼠的血清生殖激素在性周期的不同阶段其含量呈规律性变化,超排后动物血清LH的分泌增加,以促进卵子的排出和黄体的形成。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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