新疆富蕴扎河坝地区蛇绿岩带基本特征及大地构造意义

扎河坝地区蛇绿岩带属扎河坝—阿尔曼太蛇绿岩带之组成部分，主要由无序的蛇纹岩、变辉长岩、变辉绿岩及少量变质基性火山岩、硅质岩构成其主体。常见外来混杂岩块。据其组合特征可分为蛇绿岩、混杂岩两亚带。经初步研究认为：蛇绿岩为残留洋壳的一部分，其形成时代为奥陶纪—志留纪。加里东晚期洋壳发生转化，至泥盆纪发育一套中基性海相沟弧型火山岩组合。因此，该带及其北部至额尔齐斯带南缘地区，应为西伯利亚板块华力西增生带。     

新疆北山坡北基性超基性杂岩特征及成矿远景

新疆北山坡北基性-超基性杂岩体逆向同源成分演化特征明显、结构演化不清楚,包括角闪辉长岩、辉长苏长岩、橄榄辉长岩、橄榄辉石岩和辉石橄榄岩、斜长(拉长)岩5个岩相单元。钛铁矿化与角闪辉长岩相有关,铜镍矿化与橄榄辉长岩相和橄榄辉石岩及辉石橄榄岩相有关。综合研究认为,新疆北山构造带西段坡北杂岩具有较好的铜镍矿及钛铁矿成矿和找矿前景。     

冀东遵化新太古代蛇绿混杂岩带岩石学与构造特征——古板块构造运动的证据

在遵化北部,有大量的基性岩超基性岩构造透镜体,包括变质辉绿岩（斜长角闪岩）、层状辉长岩、堆积杂岩、地幔橄榄岩等散布在新太古代片麻岩中。这些岩石组合与现代蛇绿岩套一致,和强烈剪切变形的片麻岩一起构成典型的蛇绿岩混杂岩。蛇绿岩套中的豆荚状铬铁矿提供了中国存在新太古代蛇绿岩的确切证据。遵化新太古代蛇绿混杂岩带的发现,证明25亿年以前板块构造运动已经出现。     

阿拉善北部恩格尔乌苏蛇绿混杂岩的形成机制

恩格尔乌苏蛇绿混杂岩是化北板块与塔里木板块缝合的标志，研究结果表明蛇绿岩可分为上俯冲带型（ＳＳＺ））和洋脊型（ＭＯＲＢ）两类，混杂岩中部分砂岩源自塔里木被动大陆边缘，部分源自与ＳＳＺ相关的构造环境和南侧的沙拉扎山火山弧，蛇绿岩形成侵位经历了三个阶段，在古壳俯冲作用之前，“弧”前拉张作用形成了ＭＯＲＢ型蛇绿岩，古洋壳向南俯冲的早期阶段形成了ＳＳＺ型蛇绿岩和在洋壳冲闭合期间，蛇绿岩发生拆离并向北仰冲侵     

川西元古代蛇绿岩与扬子板块西缘元古代造山带

川西盐边、石棉两地的基性超基性杂岩和火山岩系为世界上少见的元古代高钛到蛇绿岩,这意味着该区曾经历过海洋化过程和板块运动。故康定至攀枝花一线的“康滇地轴”应为原始扬子板块西缘的元古代造山带。文章评述了该区蛇绿岩及有关基性超基性杂岩的研究现状,提出重建该造山带地质历史的思路和线索。     

皖南蛇绿岩岩套的矿物岩石类型研究

皖南蛇绿岩套主要由三个部分组成:一是超基性岩体,主要由方辉辉橄岩,另有少量零星的纯橄岩、含辉纯橄岩、斜辉辉橄岩等方辉辉橄岩之异离体和极零星的一部分与超基性岩浆的残余物有关的伟晶岩。二是中、基性岩类,它包括辉长岩、辉长闪长岩和基性闪长岩3部分。最后是细碧—角斑岩部分,它在整个岩体中出露很少,呈枕状产出。     

米仓山地区晋宁期基性超基性侵入岩中造岩矿物研究

米仓山地区晋宁期基性超基性侵入岩形成于弧后海盆地环境 ,是扬子板块北缘晋宁期造山构造岩浆旋回早期阶段岩浆活动产物 ,具有层状侵入体的特征。其主要造岩矿物为橄榄石、斜方辉石、单斜辉石、斜长石和角闪石。对这些矿物的产出状态和化学成分进行了详细研究 ,确定了矿物种属 ;并根据主要造岩矿物特征探讨了米仓山地区晋宁期基性超基性岩的原始岩浆性质、来源、成岩条件及其构造背景。     

灵丘南山中生代逆冲推覆构造特征及其意义

灵丘南山逆冲推覆构造位于燕山造山带的西南端、唐河断裂带北段,空间展布与太古宙恒山陆缘火山弧岩基带南部边界大致吻合。逆冲推覆构造具有薄皮构造和厚皮构造共存的构造属性,主要由一系列近平行相间排列的褶皱和逆冲断层组成,沿其走向具有三种不同的组合型式,主要表现为前后陡、中间缓的叠瓦状构造,上盘运动方向总体指向SE,逆冲推覆构造主要变形发生在130.5~129.63 Ma。太白维山逆冲推覆构造运移距离不少于7 km,古路河逆冲断层仅500 m左右。逆冲后首次伸展构造变形破坏了逆冲推覆构造的连续展布,并造成了大规模的岩浆侵入活动及其伴生矿床的成生,新生代伸展构造变形以发育于逆冲推覆构造后侧为主,并利用其先存逆冲推覆构造薄弱带。     

浙江龙泉碰撞混杂岩的发现及其对华南碰撞造山带研究的意义

在华南丽水一建阳地区作者首次发现蛇绿混杂岩、混杂岩的外来岩块是代表古洋壳碎片的橄榄岩、辉石岩、辉长岩、玄武岩、斜长角闪岩,石榴角闪岩和代表陆壳结晶基底一沉积盖层的斜长片麻岩、花岗岩,石英粉砂岩、灰岩。基质是强烈片理化的深海复理石。混杂岩沿北东向从福建南平一建瓯到浙江龙泉一松阳断续出露。研究发现混杂岩分为陡倾斜的内带和平缓的向北西逆冲的外带,监伴随有强烈的构造变形带、糜棱岩带和碰撞型花岗岩。作者认为这代表二个陆壳地体碰撞的缝合线、碰撞造山运动发生在奥陶纪,并导致二个陆壳地体之间南华海的消亡。     

试论滇西澜沧群蛇绿岩套形成的构造环境

蛇绿岩套主要是由基性、超基性的火山岩和深成岩组成的杂岩。鉴于蛇绿岩与大洋地壳和地慢上部物质组成的一致性,以及多分布于地槽区或相邻板块的接触带这一基本事实,因此多数研究者赞同蛇绿岩的洋壳假说。根据这一假说,蛇绿岩形成于洋中脊,后被转移到岩石圈板块会聚边缘的消亡带。     

羌塘地块北界拉竹龙—西金乌兰—玉树结合带印支期构造环境探讨

认为羌塘北部边界断裂结合带在印支期期间具有明显的构造分段性,其东段在玉树地区发育有较完整的蛇绿岩组合,且发育有限洋盆;此有限洋向西延伸呈收敛的趋势,由有限洋逐渐转变为陆间裂谷至大陆边缘裂谷,蛇绿岩组合逐渐消失,火成岩渐变为裂谷型双峰式火山岩组合。     

论新疆东准噶尔蛇绿岩的时代及其意义

讨论了位于新疆准噶尔盆地东北缘的克拉麦里和阿尔曼太两条蛇绿岩带。侧重从蛇绿岩自身的同位素定年、伴生组分的微体古生物和蛇绿岩带的区域构造等方面系统阐述这两条蛇绿岩带的时代。作者得到的新认识是：这两条蛇绿岩带所代表的古洋发育的时代相近,可能从新元古代晚期开始孕育,发育的鼎盛时期是寒武纪至早、中奥陶世,晚奥陶世到早志留民为其萎缩、闭合时期,这个新认识在重建古亚洲洋和认识北疆大陆地壳演化历史方面都有重要意义。     

U-Pb zircon dating of Early Paleozoic gabbro from the Nantinghe ophiolite in the Changning-Menglian suture zone and its geological implication

The Nantinghe ophiolite is located in the northern part of the Changning-Menglian suture zone in southeast Tibet. It is composed of meta-peridotite, cumulative gabbro, meta-gabbro, plagioclase amphibolite and meta-basalt. Zircon U-Pb dating of the cumulative gabbro gives concordant ages of 473.0±3.8 Ma and 443.6±4.0 Ma respectively, indicating the early and late episodes of mafic magmatisms during the Paleo-Tethys oceanic rifting. The 16 LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb analyses of meta-gabbro yield a weight mean age of 439±2.4Ma. The gabbro shows relatively low contents of SiO2 (46.46%-52.11%), TiO2 (0.96%-1.14%) and K2O (0.48%-0.75%). Its trace element distribution patterns are partly similar to those of the mid-ocean ridge basalts, and part is depleted in high field strength elements such as Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf and Ti. These features suggest that the mafic rocks were probably formed in a MORB-like or backarc rift basin setting. The zircon U-Pb age of gabbro is consistent with a late crystallization age of the cumulative gabbro from the Nantinghe ophiolite, suggesting that the Paleo-Tethys oceanic basin was opened during 444-439 Ma, possibly as a backarc basin. It is the first precise age which defines the formation time of the early Paleozoic ophiolite in the Changning-Menglian suture zone. These geochronological and geochemical characteristics of the Nantinghe ophiolite are consistent with those from the Guoganjianianshan and Taoxinghu of the Longmu Co-Shuanghu suture in the Qiangtang region. Thus, we suggest that the both Changning-Menglian and Longmu Co-Shuanghu sutures were probably transformed from the relic oceanic crust of the uniform Paleo-Tethys, which likely represents the original and main Paleo-Tethys oceanic basin.     

Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating on plagiogranite from Kuerti ophiolite in Altay,North Xinjiang

The geochronological study on ophiolites is of great interest due to its tectonic significance. Previous studies have shown that ophiolites can form in various tectonic settings including middle ocean ridge, island arc, forearc and backarc basins; most of them are found in the suprasubduction zone[1,2]. Although the hypothesis that high SiO2 and low K2O granitoid rocks in ophiolites are produced by the fractional crystallization of mafic magma has been proved by experimental simulations[3,4],…     

Forming age and tectono-petrogenises of the Jiugequan ophiolite in the North Qilian Mountain, NW China

The Jiugequan ophiolite is one of the representative ophiolite fragments in the Early Paleozoic orogenic belt of the North Qilian Mountain. It has been drawn much attention and extensively studied in recent years. In this study, ion microprobe (SHRIMP) U-Pb dating was carried out for zircons from isotropic gabbro from the Jiugequan ophiolite. Eighteen analyses yield a relatively consistent apparent ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages from 480 to 508 Ma with a weighted mean age of 490±5 Ma (MSWD=1.06), which is believed to be the crystallization age of the gabbro and thus the forming age of the Jiugequan ophiolite. Major and trace element geochemical study indicates that the diabase-basalts from the Jiugequan ophiolite have N-MORB and E-MORB characteristics with some subduction-related signatures. The petrological, geochemical and chronological data enable us to conclude that the Jiugequan ophiolite is most likely to be formed at a spreading center of back-arc basin during the early Ordovician, while the ancient Qilian oceanic plate subducted northwards. The acquisition of forming age and determination of tectonic setting for Jiugequan ophiolite provide significant constraints on the evolution of intra-oceanic subduction system in the North Qilian orogenic belt during the Early Paleozoic era.     

北秦岭—桐柏蛇绿岩套的地球化学和构造背景

本文提供北秦岭—桐柏加里东构造—岩浆带中蛇绿岩套的地层层序,岩石化学和地球化学资料,并讨论其形成的构造背景。该蛇绿岩套地层层序自下向上可分为六个单元:(1) 构造定位的超镁铁岩带;(2) 第一期细碧—角斑岩系;(3) 硅质岩;(4) 复理石建造;(5) 第二期细碧—角斑岩系;(6) 火山沉积岩系。岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学及稀土模式特征均表明该岩套是在加里东优地槽——弧后盆地中形成的;火山—沉积岩系是“原地”成因的。华北和华南两古板块之间曾长期存在古海洋,并在海西期实现拼贴对接和古大洋的消失。     

大陆造山带古洋盆恢复的有关问题讨论

对涉及古洋盆恢复的有关问题，诸如蛇绿岩的内涵与外延、造山带的结构构造特征、岩浆活动的特征、性质及时空分布规律等进行讨论。认为古洋盆恢复应以构造活动为主线，结合造山带地质体的变形、变质、岩浆活动、地球化学和同位素年龄等进行综合研究。     

新疆构造演化与吐哈盆地油气地质特征

新疆地区新生代盆－山体制独特,深断裂活动既造山又造盆。活动带集中在山系及山前带,盆地内保存稳定地块区。吐哈盆地北部凹陷不存在大型盖层滑脱型推覆构造带。火焰山构造带受基底逆冲断裂控制,断裂控制背斜圈闭形成。油气沿隐伏断裂伴生的构造圈闭富集成藏。湖－沼相侏罗系含煤系是重要的油气源层,湖相三叠—二叠系亦有含油气远景。     

Sm-Nd dating and Nd-Sr isotopic characteristics of the Shimian ophiolite suite, Sichuan Province

By measuring the Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr isotopic compositions of harzburgite and gabbro from Shimian ophiolite suite, we got the whole rock Sm-Nd isochron age of (938±30) Ma (2?), and the ??Nd of 7.6±0.8 (2?), which shows that the ophiolite was formed at the Early Neoproterozoic. The obvious change (0.70209-0.70708) of ISr values of the ophiolite is caused by the meteoric hydrothermal alteration. The high ? Nd values indicate that the primitive magma was derived from the intense depleted mantle reservoir. It is suggested that this area was in a back-arc basin environment during the Early Neoproterozic.     

西藏雅鲁藏布江一带中生代沉积盆地的演化

经过研究证实,在雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩的南北两侧,有两套形成于雅鲁藏布江洋底盆地的沉积组合,它们不但形成于不同时代,而且属于不同构造环境下的产物。时代属于晚侏罗世到早白垩世的南侧沉积组合为放射虫硅质岩-层状玄武岩,其沉积特征类似于太平洋洋隆类型,反映了它可能是属于西藏特提斯快速扩张的产物。根据最近所发现的圆笠虫化石确定北侧一套的时代属于中白垩世,它是蛇绿质碎屑岩-枕状玄武岩组合,反映了一种类似于大西洋洋脊类型的、慢速扩张的板块构造环境。它是正常沉积接触关系覆于雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩套之上。雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩套是这个时期形成的洋壳的残留体。在晚白垩世时,雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩被捕获在北部的冈底斯山弧前并且变为冈底斯南缘弧前盆地的基底。随后日喀则群浊积岩在其上堆积。