Bifunctional enzyme FBPase/SBPase is essential for photoautotrophic growth in cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

From a random insertion mutant library of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, a mutant defective in photoautotrophic growth was obtained. The interrupted gene was identified to be slr2094 (fbp1), which encodes the fructose-1,6-biphosphatase (FBPase) / sedoheptulose-1,7-biphosphatase (SBPase) bifunctional enzyme (F-I). Two other independently constructed slr2094 mutants showed an identical phenotype. The FBPase activity was found to be virtually lacked in slr2094 mutant, which was sensitive to light under mixotrophic growth conditions. These results indicate that slr2094 is the only active FBPase-encoding gene in this cyanobacterium. Inactivation of photosystem II by interrupting psbB in slr2094 mutant alleviated the sensitiveness to light. This report provides the direct genetic evidence for the essential role of F-I in the photosynthesis of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803.     

Bifunctional enzyme FBPase/SBPase is essential for photoautotrophic growth in cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

From a random insertion mutant library of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, a mutant defective in photoautotrophic growth was obtained. The interrupted gene was identified to be slr2094 (fbp1), which encodes the fructose-1,6-biphosphatase (FBPase) / sedoheptulose-1,7-biphosphatase (SBPase) bifunctional enzyme (F-I). Two other independently constructed slr2094 mutants showed an identical phenotype. The FBPase activity was found to be virtually lacked in slr2094 mutant, which was sensitive to light under mixotrophic growth conditions. These results indicate that slr2094 is the only active FBPase-encoding gene in this cyanobacterium. Inactivation of photosystem II by interrupting psbB in slr2094 mutant alleviated the sensitiveness to light. This report provides the direct genetic evidence for the essential role of F-I in the photosynthesis of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803.     

Effects of Chlorophyll Availability on Fluorescence Components of Photosystems in the ORF469-Deletion Mutant of Cyanobacterium

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＩｎｃｙａｎｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉａ ,ｔｗｏ ｐａｔｈｗａｙｓｏｆ ｐｒｏｔｏ ｃｈｌｏｒｏｐｈｙｌｌｉｄｅ (Ｐｃｈｌｉｄｅ)ｒｅｄｕｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄｃｈｌｏｒｏｐｈｙｌｌ(Ｃｈｌ)ｂｉｏｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓａｐｐｅａｒｔｏｅｘｉｓｔ:ｏｎｅｉｓｌｉｇｈｔ ｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔ ,ｔｈｅｏｔｈｅｒｉｓｌｉｇｈｔ ｉｎｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔ[1,2 ] .Ａｔｌｅａｓｔｔｈｒｅｅ ｐｏｌｙｐｅｐｔｉｄｅｓａｒｅｉｎｖｏｌｖｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｌｉｇｈｔ ｉｎｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔｐａｔｈｗａｙ .Ｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｓｅｐ…     

封闭式光生物反应器集胞藻6803光自养和混合营养培养比较

采用封闭式光生物反应器进行了蓝藻基因工程常用宿主系统集胞藻Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803的混合营养培养,并与光自养培养进行了比较,在两种培养方式下,集胞藻6803的饱和光强基本相同,都为5000lx,当入射光强为5000lx,初始葡萄糖浓度为1．74g/L时,混合营养生长在葡萄糖消耗完（69．5h)时的藻细胞密度为1．36g/L,叶绿素浓度为20．08mg/L,能量得率为16．7％,分别为同期光自养生长的3．8倍,2．3倍和2．6倍,这表明封闭式光生物反应器混合营养培养方式在促进集胞藻6803生长和光合色素合成及提高培养过程能量得率等方面都有显著作用。     

Sodium Acetate Stimulates PHB Biosynthesis in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

IntroductionA large variety of bacteria are able to synthesizepolyhydroxyalkanoic acids (PHAs) and to depositlarge amounts of these polyesters as insolubleinclusions in cytoplasm[1 ] . PHAs have attractedthe interest of the chemical industry because oftheir biodegradable properties for applications invarious technical,medical,and pharmaceuticalapplications[2 ] .Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate(PHB) isatypical PHA that is produced by heterotrophicbacteria,such as Alcaligenes eutrophus andEscherichi…     

Two-Component Signal Transduction Systems in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

Introduction Rapid adaptation to environmental challenges is vitally important for bacterial survival and growth. One way in which bacteria control their response to changing environmental conditions is through the mechanism of two-component signal transd…     

DnaJ-like protein gene sll1384 is involved in phototaxis in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

In Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, gene sll1384 encodes a protein with a DnaJ domain at its N-terminal portion and a TPR domain at the C-terminal portion. An sll1384 mutant shows no difference from the wild type in adaptation to different temperatures, but almost completely loses its capability of phototactic movement. After complementation with sll1384, the mutant regains the phototaxis. As shown with electron microscopy, on the cell surface, mutant cells have pill that appear to be the same as that of the wild type. Also, the transformation efficiency remains unchanged in the mutant. It is postulated that Sll1384 regulates phototaxis of Synechocystis through protein-protein interaction. It is the first DnaJ-like protein gene identified in a cyanobacterium for a role in phototaxis.     

State transition in blue-green algaSynechocystis PCC 6803

The mechanism of state transition in blue-green alga Synechocystis PCC 6803 was investigated by using modulated fluorescence. NaF, an inhibitor of phosphatase, did not inhibit state Ⅱ to state Ⅰ transition . Rotenone, a specific inhibitor of NAD(P)H ubiquinone reductase, stimulated transition from state Ⅱ to state I in dark. The results suggest that state transition in blue-green alga Synechocystis PCC 6803 is controlled by redox state of plastiquinone pool, but not by the phosphorylation of thylakoid membrane proteins.     

镉对集胞藻PCC6803生长的影响

以集胞藻为研究材料,研究不同浓度的Cd2 处理对集胞藻生长的影响.研究发现:低浓度的Cd2 处理(0~0.1 m g/L),能够促进集胞藻的生长,表现为叶绿素、可溶性糖、蛋白质含量随着浓度的增大而增大;当Cd2 浓度进一步增加时,Cd2 开始抑制集胞藻的生长,表现为叶绿素、可溶性糖、蛋白质含量减小,Cd2 浓度达到1.0 m g/L则完全抑制集胞藻的生长,无任何产物累积.     

集胞藻PCC6803基因sll0853的克隆、优化表达及其结构功能预测

从集胞藻(Synechocystis sp.)PCC6803提取总DNA,利用PCR扩增目的基因sll0853,构建重组T-0853克隆载体和pET-0853原核表达载体.为了提高sll0853在大肠杆菌E.coli BL21(DE3)中的表达量,通过改变诱导温度、诱导时间及诱导剂浓度等条件对表达量产生影响,以SDS-PAGE电泳分析证明sll0853基因蛋白表达的最佳条件.结果表明:目的蛋白在28℃、0.2mmol/L IPTG、诱导6h表达量分别达高峰.通过生物信息学软件预测基因sll0853可能具有裂合酶的功能.     

HCO3 - 高亲和转运蛋白操纵子基因在聚球藻7942 CO2浓缩机制中功能的研究

蓝藻 Synechococcus sp.PCC7942 HCO3 - 高亲和转运蛋白操纵子基因 cmpABCD 是其CO2浓缩机制中的调控基因之一.本研究用携带潮霉素B磷酸转移酶基因(hygromycin B pho transferase, hpt) 筛选标记的同源双臂整合载体pUC-HATH转化蓝藻Synechococcus sp.PCC7942,以潮霉素B作为筛选试剂筛选出具潮霉素B抗性的转化藻,运用引物PCR方法证实潮霉素B磷酸转移酶基因表达盒通过质粒pUC-HATH的介导已定点插入蓝藻 Synechococcus sp.PCC7942 基因组中,成功地构建了具有潮霉素B抗性的cmpBCD 基因插入失活突变藻株.并最终通过比较野生藻Synechococcus sp.PCC7942 和突变藻Synechococcus sp.PCC7942 在不同 Na2CO3浓度的改良BG-11培养基中生长特性,探讨了HCO3 -高亲和转运蛋白操纵子 cmpABCD 基因失活对藻体生长的影响.     

Combinational biosynthesis and characterization of a fluorescent 82β-phycocyanin of Spirulina platensis

To biosynthesize fluorescent Spirulina platensis (Sp)β -phycocyanin (PC) in Escherichia coli, a BLASTP search for homologs of the cpeS gene, a chromophore lyase, was performed against the Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (S6) proteome. A highly homologous gene, slr2049, was obtained from the S6 genome. Sites 82 and 153 in -phycocyanin of Sp were modified by site-directed muta- genesis. Two recombinant expression vectors were constructed and transformed into E. coli BL21: (i) pCDF-cpcB (C153A)- slr2049-sll0583-ho1-pcyA; and (ii) pCDF-cpcB (C82I)-slr2049-sll0583-ho1-pcyA. Lyases encoded by the genes slr2049 and sll0583 catalyzed the linking of Sp 82β -PC to phycocyanobilin (PCB), and fluorescent CpcB (C153A)-PCB was generated. We present a strategy for the co-expression of multiple genes in a single expression vector to identify the function of an unknown gene. Recombinant phycobiliproteins produced on a large scale are promising fluorescent tags for diagnostics and pharmacology.     

Transient Effects of Salt Shock on the Photosynthetic Machinery in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

IntroductionSalt stress is one of the main detrimental factors inthe environment that limit the growth andproductivity of plants.Salt stress causessignificant decreases in photosynthetic activity,such as the electron transport[1,2 ] ,but themechanisms by which salt stress inhibitsphotosynthesis remain poorly understood[3] .　Cyanobacteria are prokaryotes that performoxygenic photosynthesis using a photosyntheticapparatus similar to that in the chloroplasts ofgreen algae and higher plants[4 ] .…     

三种不同磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶基因的克隆、表达及其对宿主菌生长的影响

应用PCR技术分别克隆了集胞藻6803、鲍曼不动杆菌和大肠杆菌的磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶（PEPC）基因,构建重组大肠杆菌。SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳结果显示,来自集胞藻6803和大肠杆菌的PEPC实现了高效表达,而来自鲍曼不动杆菌的PEPC表达较弱,提示密码子偏好性的影响。前两菌提前进入对数生长期,来自鲍曼不动杆菌PEPC工程菌却延迟生长,但这3种重组菌发酵24h后的生物量与对照菌几乎相同。如果排除质粒复制造成的代谢负荷,过表达PEPC促进了宿主菌的生长,推测是因为重排了代谢流量。     

Enhancement of chilling tolerance of a cyanobacterium by genetic manipulation of fatty acid desaturation

The sensitivity (or tolerance) of plants to chilling determines their choice of natural habitat and also limits the worldwide production of crops. Although the molecular mechanism for chilling sensitivity has long been debated, no definitive conclusion has so far been reached about its nature. A probable hypothesis, however, is that chilling injury is initiated by phase transition of lipids of cellular membranes, as demonstrated for cyanobacteria, which serve as a model system for the plant cells. Because the phase transition temperature depends on the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids of the membrane lipids, it is predicted that the chilling tolerance of plants can be altered by genetically manipulating fatty-acid desaturation by introducing double bonds into fatty acids of membrane lipids. Here we report the cloning of a gene for the plant-type desaturation (termed desA). The introduction of this gene from a chilling-resistant cyanobacterium, Synechocystis PCC6803, into a chilling-sensitive cyanobacterium, Anacystis nidulans, increases the tolerance of the recipient to low temperature.     

Cloning and Characterization of the fecC Gene Necessary for Optimal Growth under Iron-Deficiency Conditions in the Cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120

The fecC gene encoding a putative iron (Ⅲ) dicitrate transporte rwas cloned from nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120, and inactivated. The mutant grows normally in medium with NO3^- , NH1^- or without combined nitrogen. But in iron-deficient medium, the mutant grows slowly. Photosynthetic properties were compared between the mutant and the wildtype strain, the content of photosynthetic pigments in the mutant is lower than that of the wild-type. The results of RT-PCR experiments show that the fecC gene is expressed under iron-deficient conditions, but is not expressed under iron-replete conditions. These results revealed that fecC gene product is required for optimal growth under iron-deficient conditions in Anabaena sp. PCC 7120.     

Deletion of an electron donor-binding subunit of the NDH-1 complex,NdhS, results in a heat-sensitive growth phenotype in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

In cyanobacteria and higher plants, NdhS is suggested to be an electron donor-binding subunit of NADPH dehydrogenase （NDH-1） complexes and its absence impairs NDH-l-dependent cyclic electron trans- port around photosystem I （NDH-CET）. Despite significant advances in the study of NdhS during recent years, its functional role in resisting heat stress is poorly understood. Here, our results revealed that the absence of NdhS resulted in a serious heat-sensitive growth phenotype in the uni- cellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803. Furthermore, the rapid and significant increase in NDH-CET caused by heat treatment was completely abolished, and the repair of photosystem II under heat stress conditions was greatly impaired when compared to that of other photosynthetic apparatus in the thylakoid membrane. We therefore conclude that NdhS plays an important role in resistance to heat stress, possibly by stabilizing the electron input module of cyanobacterial NDH-1 complexes.     

Role of two phosphohexomutase genes in glycogen synthesis in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803

Phosphohexomutases catalyze the interconversion between hexose-6-phosphate and hexose-l-phosphate and play important roles in polysaccharide synthesis. In Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, sl10726 is predicted to encode PGM （phosphoglucomutase）, slr1334 is predicted to encode a PGM/PMM （phosphomannomutase） bifunction enzyme. In comparison to the wild type, a sllO726-null mutant showed 3.4% PGM activity but 45%-69% glycogen content. Down-regulation of slr1334, an essential gene, by using a copper regulated promoter further decreased the PGM activity in the sllO726：：Kmr PpetE-slr1334 double mutant to 0.3% of the wild type level. However, the glycogen content was not further decreased in parallel. In vitro, recombinant Sl10726 or S1r1334 showed predicted enzyme activities. Our results indicate that a relatively high level of glycogen can be maintained in Synechocystis mutants with low levels of PGM activity. The high PGM activity in the cyanobacterium may be required for turnover of glycogen or synthesis of other polysaccharides or oligosaccharides.     

不同光质对嗜热蓝细菌Synechococcus sp. PCC6715生长的影响

使用光合有效光量子数密度(PAR)均为100 μmol/(m²·s)的白光(对照)、红光和蓝光, 对对数生长期的嗜热蓝细菌PCC6715进行培养, 以期探明不同光质对不表达藻红素的蓝细菌光适应生长的影响。结果表明, 在不同光质培养对数生长期PCC6715的过程中, 与白光相比, 干重在蓝光下明显增加, 红光下明显减少; 红、蓝光质对光合色素合成产生影响的开始时间和持续时间有所不同; 最大光能转化效率(F_v/F_m)在蓝光下明显提高, 红光下明显降低, 培养6天后, 红、蓝光条件下的F_v/F_m均趋于稳定。蓝光有利于PCC6715的生长, 红光不利于PCC6715的生长; 同时, PCC6715在红、蓝光质中均产生适应性生长, 藻蓝素的减少使PCC6715在红光中发生适应性生长, 蓝光中PCC6715发生适应性生长是由于藻蓝素的增加。