基于Modbus协议的网络化涡街流量计智能监控系统的实现

介绍了一种新型的网络化涡街流量计智能监控系统的实现过程,和涡街流量计的二次仪表的开发过程,探讨了以MSP430单片机作为现场数据处理核心器件的智能型涡街流量计的软硬件的设计方法,该方法改进了传统的涡街流量计的功耗大的缺点。把Modbus协议嵌入在涡街流量计的单片机处理系统中,设计了基于Modbus协议实现上位机与现场智能仪表之间数据传输的监控系统的组成与结构,开发了上位机的组态软件。这种网络化智能监控系统解决了不能实时监控的缺点,可广泛的运用于任何智能仪表。     

借创新基金东风 行自主创新方舟

<正>沈阳泰普自动化仪表有限公司成立于2001年6月,主导产品为复合一体化孔板、差压迭代流量积算仪、全系列抗震型涡街流量计、通用智能流量积算仪、全系列陶瓷压力变送器、全系列陶瓷投入式液位变送器、全系列智能数显表等。公司以复合孔板、迭代流量计、智能复合涡街流量计为特色,配套生产压力、差压变送器和各类指示、控制、记录仪表,已成为优势明显、门类齐全、在国内具有一定影响和规模的自动化仪表生产企业。     

涡街流量计使用现场中的校准方法研究

涡街流量计作为一种基于流体振动现象的流量计 ,以其适应性强等优点 ,在工业生产中的应用日渐广泛 ,但涡街流量计的环境相关参数较多 ,容易在使用现场被忽略而影响流量计正常性能的发挥 ,本文介绍了在使用现场对涡街流量计进行校准的原理与有关技术 ,并举例说明了实施的具体方法。     

蒸汽对涡街流量计计量特性影响分析

通过涡街流量计分别在以水为介质的水流量计量标准装置、以空气为介质的音速喷嘴法气体流量标准装置和以蒸汽为介质的蒸汽流量标准装置进行比对实验,测试了涡街流量计仪表系数和其介质的关系,实验结果表明3种介质条件下仪表系数存在规律性偏差,利用流体力学及卡门涡街原理,结合蒸汽独特的热力学性质,深入分析了蒸汽对涡街流量计计量特性造成计量性能影响的因素,对涡街流量计在3种介质下仪表系数存在规律性偏差实验结论进行了解释和分析,得到了蒸汽和空气流体条件下的计算拟合公式,并提出了系数修正的计算方法.     

浅谈温度对涡街流量计仪表系数的影响

近年来,涡街流量计被广泛地应用于石油、化工、轻工、冶金和电力企业中,用于测量液体、气体、蒸汽、低温和各种腐蚀性介质。有很多的资料对涡街流量计的误差进行分析,但很少有涉及到温度对其准确度的影响。通过对涡街流量计的结构和原理介绍,经过分析,推导出了涡街流量计仪表系数受温度的影响,及其实际温度下的修正公式。     

小波阈值滤波在涡街流量计信号处理中的应用

涡街流量计由于其特有的优点而得到了广泛应用,但低流量时涡街信号的提取一直是一个难题.根据小波变换和涡街流量计输出信号的特点,采用小波阈值滤波法对涡街流量计信号进行处理,并提出了一种改进的小波阈值选取方法.分析和仿真结果表明小波阈值滤波算法对涡街信号提取和噪声去除效果良好.     

不同介质对标定涡街流量计系数的影响

流量计检定工作是在实验室标准装置下完成的,对涡街流量计来说,出厂检定不但对于确定仪表性能参数是必不可少的,对于发现整体安装乃至零部件制造质量问题也是至关重要的。对涡街流量计测量特性做了简要的介绍,采用现场实验的方法,通过在兰州石化公司水、气两套标准装置上检定数据的对比,试着分析探讨在一定雷诺数范围内,检定介质是否会对涡街流量计的仪表系数产生影响。     

光纤流量计的研制

将传统的涡街流量计和光纤传感技术相结合,设计了一种光纤流量计。阐述了光纤流量计的测量原理,给出了涡街原理和在微弯损耗作用下的光纤损耗系数公式。介绍了经过改进的传感器结构和光纤流量计的硬、软件部分,给出了相应的放大、滤波、整形电路原理图和软件流程图。给出了实验数据并对结果进行了讨论和总结.     

浅谈涡街流量表在蒸汽计量中的应用

一、概述LUGB型涡街流量传感器是孔板流量计最理想的替代产品·涡街流量计是基于卡门涡街原理而研制成功的一种具有国际先进水平的新型流量计,由于它具有其它流量计不可兼得的优点,自七十年代以来得到了迅速发展,据有关资料显示,现在日本、欧美等发达国家使用涡街流量计的比例大幅度上升,已广泛应用于各个领域,将在未来流量仪表中占主导地位。二、工作原理在流体中设置旋涡发生体(阻流体),从旋涡发生体两侧交替地产生有规则的旋涡,这种旋涡称为卡曼涡街,旋涡列在旋涡发生体下游非对称地排列。设旋涡的发生频率为f,被测介质来流的平均速度…     

一种智能涡街流量计的设计与实现

本文介绍了一种基于ARM7芯片LPC2214的智能涡街流量计。具体阐述了涡街流量计的工作原理，硬件、软件的设计与实现。     

离散度量空间的性质A和粗嵌入

郁国梁教授对离散度量空间引进了性质A的概念,并且证明了具有性质A的离散度量空间能够粗嵌入到可分的希尔伯特空间.离散度量空间的粗嵌入与性质A之间的关系是一个大家都非常关注的问题.通过构造一系列能够粗嵌入到可分的希尔伯特空间但不具有性质A的离散度量空间,将Nowak的构造由非平凡的有限群推广到了任意非平凡的且能bi-Lipschitz粗嵌入到l1的离散度量空间上(如有限度量空间).     

Radioimmune, radiobinding and HPLC analysis of 2-5A and related oligonucleotides from intact cells

The enzyme (2-5A synthetase) which synthesizes ppp(A2'p)nA where n=2 to 4 (collectively referred to as 2-5A) is widely distributed in a variety of cells and tissues in amounts which increase response to interferon and vary with growth and hormone status. 2-5A activates a nuclease which inhibits protein synthesis. The non-phosphorylated 'core' of 2-5A ((A2'p)nA, n=2 to 4) can inhibit DNA synthesis and cell growth. Here we describe convenient and sensitive radioimmune (RI) and radiobinding (RB) assays for core and 2-5A. In combination with more satisfactory high performance liquid chromatography (HPCL) methods using reverse-phase C18 columns, these assays have been used to detect core and 2-5A in crude extracts from interferon-treated cells. The novel 2-5A synthetase products NAD2'p5' A2'p5'A and A5'p45'A2'p5'A2'p5'A (ref. 13), which can also be detected using the RB assay, were not found in significant amounts. The natural occurrence of core has not been described previously.     

一种蛋白A的Z结构域衍生物的构建及对IgG亲和力的研究

蛋白A是金葡菌中一种重要的致病因子,有较强结合多种哺乳动物的IgG的能力,因此降低机体产生特异性SPA抗体的水平,使金葡菌具免疫逃逸功能.研究一种与IgG亲和力较弱的蛋白A衍生物,对金葡菌疫苗的开发具重要意义.研究表明,蛋白A的Z结构域中位于第13、14位的Phe,Tyr是两个与IgG结合的关键位点.本文首次通过PCR突变技术,将这两个关键氨基酸均改造为Gly,构建突变体ZFY.Discovery Studio3.5受体-配体相互作用力模块分析显示,突变体ZFY与IgG结合力降低到-61.68kcal/mol,仅为原相互作用力的10.69%;构建得到ZFY蛋白,经ITC测定,ZFY与兔IgG的亲和常数降低到1.2×104 M-1,仅为原亲和常数的0.39%,证明了ZFY是一种与IgG亲和力较弱的蛋白A衍生物,为实现新型蛋白A疫苗治疗金葡菌感染奠定基础.     

基于Vague集的双向近似推理

给出了一种新的Vague集间的上似度量方法，提出了Vague集间相似方向的概念，可以用它来描述两个相似Vague集中哪个所包含的信息更精确，并给出了一个判定方法，在此基础上给出了一种基于Vague集的双向近似推理方法，该方法更好地利用了Vague集信息的精确性，从而提高了推理的精确性和适用性，为智能系统中的近似推理提供了一个十分有用的工具。     

The genomic and epidemiological dynamics of human influenza A virus

The evolutionary interaction between influenza A virus and the human immune system, manifest as 'antigenic drift' of the viral haemagglutinin, is one of the best described patterns in molecular evolution. However, little is known about the genome-scale evolutionary dynamics of this pathogen. Similarly, how genomic processes relate to global influenza epidemiology, in which the A/H3N2 and A/H1N1 subtypes co-circulate, is poorly understood. Here through an analysis of 1,302 complete viral genomes sampled from temperate populations in both hemispheres, we show that the genomic evolution of influenza A virus is characterized by a complex interplay between frequent reassortment and periodic selective sweeps. The A/H3N2 and A/H1N1 subtypes exhibit different evolutionary dynamics, with diverse lineages circulating in A/H1N1, indicative of weaker antigenic drift. These results suggest a sink-source model of viral ecology in which new lineages are seeded from a persistent influenza reservoir, which we hypothesize to be located in the tropics, to sink populations in temperate regions.     

湖南绥宁方言的量词重叠式及历史层次

描写绥宁方言中两种量词重叠式：一种是“AA”及其加缀式“AA唧”，另一种是“A—A”及其加缀式“A—A唧”。“AA”表达“周遍”意义，至迟在唐五代已经产生；“A—A”既表“周遍”意义，又表“逐一”意义，其产生的上限在唐代中后期，下限在宋代；变式“AA唧”和“A—A唧”可能在元代以后产生。     

A candidate spermatogenesis gene on the mouse Y chromosome is homologous to ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1.

The human X-linked gene A1S9 complements a temperature-sensitive cell-cycle mutation in mouse L cells, and encodes the ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1. The gene has been reported to escape X-chromosome inactivation, but there is some conflicting evidence. We have isolated part of the mouse A1s9 gene, mapped it to the proximal portion of the X chromosome and shown that it undergoes normal X-inactivation. We also detected two copies of the gene on the short arm of the mouse Y chromosome (A1s9Y-1 and A1s9Y-2). The functional A1s9Y gene (A1s9Y-1) is expressed in testis and is lost in the deletion mutant Sxrb. Therefore A1s9Y-1 is a candidate for the spermatogenesis gene, Spy, which maps to this region. A1s9X is similar to the Zfx gene in undergoing X-inactivation, yet having homologous sequences on the short arm of the Y chromosome, which are expressed in the testis. These Y-linked genes may form part of a coregulated group of genes which function during spermatogenesis.     

多状态系统分析的新途径

本文将二值逻辑代数推广为多值逻辑代数,并提出了一种新的基于多值逻辑代数理论的多状态系统的分析方法。二状态情况下的串联和并联结构函数被推广到多状态情况;二状态分析中使用的故障树被推广为状态树。使用本文中所定义的多值逻辑代数能够很方便的处理其基本结构形式为串联和并联的多状态系统。作为本文提出的多值逻辑代数和分析方法的应用,文中最后简略分析了两种多状态系统;(1)由具有两类失效模式的元件组成的多状态系统;(2)考虑元件的性能水平和系统的性能水平的一种多状态系统。给出了计算这两种多状系统取某一状态概率的计算方法。     

Lactose binding to heat-labile enterotoxin revealed by X-ray crystallography.

Recognition of the oligosaccharide portion of ganglioside GM1 in membranes of target cells by the heat-labile enterotoxin from Escherichia coli is the crucial first step in its pathogenesis, as it is for the closely related cholera toxin. These toxins have five B subunits, which are essential for GM1 binding, and a single A subunit, which needs to be nicked by proteolysis and reduced, yielding an A1-'enzyme' and an A2-'linker' peptide. A1 is translocated across the membrane of intestinal epithelial cells, possibly after endocytosis, upon which it ADP-ribosylates the G protein Gs alpha. The mechanism of binding and translocation of these toxins has been extensively investigated, but how the protein is orientated on binding is still not clear. Knowing the precise arrangement of the ganglioside binding sites of the toxins will be useful for designing drugs against the diarrhoeal diseases caused by organisms secreting these toxins and in the development of oral vaccines against them. We present here the three-dimensional structure of the E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin complexed with lactose. This reveals the location of the binding site of the terminal galactose of GM1, which is consistent with toxin binding to the target cell with its A1 fragment pointing away from the membrane. A small helix is identified at the carboxy terminus of A2 which emerges through the central pore of the B subunits and probably comes into contact with the membrane upon binding, whereas the A1 subunit is flexible with respect to the B pentamer.     

关于无穷大基数的矛盾

通过分析康托尔对角线法证明实数集不可列隐含下述前提:可依次检查完对角线上所有无穷个元素.从认同Ai的元素与集合[A]=∪Ai中孪生元素对一一对应,从而[A]=2(A),进而证明这一前提出发,证明了集合(A)=∪1 i≤ω1 i<ω了(A)= 0=[A]=2 0这一与康托尔矛盾的结果.