氯化聚乙烯接枝水溶性单体

采用溶胀悬浮接枝共聚法,将水溶性单体丙烯酸（AA）、丙烯酰胺（AM）接枝到疏水性氯化聚乙烯（CPE）大分子链上,合成双亲性接枝共聚物。通过正交实验法探讨了反应条件（膨胀剂、单体、引发剂和分散剂用量以及反应时间、反应温度和分散介质用量）对接枝率及接枝效率的影响规律,并用傅立叶红外光谱对接枝物进行了表征。研究结果表明,采用水作分散介质,乙酸乙醋作膨胀剂的溶胀悬浮接枝体第。在回流温度和一定搅拌速度下,可实现CPE接枝水溶性单体AA、AM且接枝（效）率较高。最佳反应条件分别为：CPE－g-AA接枝体系：CPE／AA／BPO／EA／H2O＝2／2／0．65／5／50（g/g/g/mL/mL),反应温度80℃;CPE－g-AM接枝体系：CPE／AM／BPO／EA／H2O＝2／2／0．07／8／50（g/g/g/mL/mL),反应温度72℃。反应时间均为3h。     

聚丙烯固相接枝甲基丙烯酸辛酯

研究甲基丙烯酸辛酯(OMA)接枝聚丙烯(PP)的固相反应工艺．探讨在氮气保护下,研究反应时间、反应温度、引发剂浓度、单体用量等对固相接枝率的影响．结果表明,PP—g-OMA具有较高的接枝率．通过实验可确定,当BPO质量分数0．002,反应时间4h,反应温度80℃。单体甲基丙烯酸辛酯用量为1．0mL,其接枝率为7．46％配方为最佳配方．最后,通过红外光谱仪、差示扫描量热仪,对接枝物结构进行表征．     

非均相合成PP-g-MMA共聚物研究

非均相合成了甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (MMA)和聚丙烯 (PP)的接枝物 (PP—g—MMA) .对合成产物进行了IR表征 ,考察了引发剂PBO、甲苯、反应时间和单体等对接枝率和接枝效率的影响 .结果表明 ,在BPO引发下 ,MMA能被接枝到PP链上 ;甲苯的加入对提高接枝率不利 ,单体用量的改变对接枝率的影响较大 ;反应最佳工艺条件为温度 :86℃ ,时间 :2 .5h ,配方 :PP/g∶MMA/mL∶BPO/g=2 0∶1 0∶0 .3.     

智能海藻酸钙/PNIPAAm互穿网络水凝胶微囊制备研究

以海藻酸钙凝胶为聚合模板，过硫酸铵/偏重亚硫酸钠氧化还原引发剂体系、自由基水溶液法聚合制备了温度敏感和pH敏感的海藻酸钙/聚N异丙基丙烯酰胺（CA/PNIPAAm）互穿网络水凝胶微囊。并研究了引发剂用量、单体量、单体/海藻酸钠配比、缓冲液pH值等因素对该互穿智能水凝胶温度敏感和pH敏感性的影响。结果表明：该互穿凝胶微囊对pH/温度具有敏感溶胀性，可望作为口服药物缓释制剂的载体。     

反相悬浮共聚法制备淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺絮凝剂及其在水处理中的应用

以环己烷为连续相,span-60为分散剂,硝酸铈铵/过硫酸钾(CAN/KPS)为复合引发剂,通过反相悬浮共聚法制备淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺絮凝剂.考察了引发剂用量、反应时间、单体用量、分散剂用量及反应温度等因素对接枝反应中单体转化率和接枝率的影响;并将该接枝共聚物用于对高浊度水的絮凝实验.结果显示接枝反应的最佳反应条件为:淀粉用量10 g,丙烯酰胺用量5 g,分散剂用量3 g,引发剂用量0.3 g(CAN/KPS＝0.5,摩尔比),反应温度70 ℃,反应时间2 h;絮凝实验表明该淀粉接枝絮凝剂对高浊度水具有良好的絮凝效果.     

反相乳液法合成淀粉接枝AM、DM共聚物研究

以淀粉为基材，通过反相乳液聚合法与丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸二甲胺基乙酯进行接枝反应制备共聚物．考察了引发剂种类及用量、乳化剂种类及用量、单体配比、盐类添加剂等因素对单体转化率、接枝率、产物特性粘数的影响．以过硫酸铵-尿素为引发体系，Span20与OP4以40：60质量比配制复配物为乳化剂，其质量分数为7％，pH8，淀粉与单体的质量比为1：1．4，接枝率可达135．4％，产品特性粘数可达1080mL/g．加入甲酸钠产品特性粘数降低；加入乙酸钠和丙酸钠产品特性粘数增加，其中乙酸钠用量为0．3％时，产品特性粘数为1230mL／g．     

PP纤维接枝聚丙烯酰胺/海藻酸钙蛋白质印迹水凝胶的制备

以PP纤维为载体,牛血清白蛋白(BSA)为模板,丙烯酰胺为单体,N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,在海藻酸钠的存在下,采用紫外辐射引发,制备了PP纤维接枝BSA印迹聚丙烯酰胺/海藻酸钙水凝胶(PP-g-PAM/CA MIP)。研究了单体浓度、交联剂浓度和海藻酸钠浓度对BSA吸附量和印迹效率的影响,结果表明,单体质量分数为10%,交联剂质量分数为3%,海藻酸钠质量分数为0.5%时,PP接枝的印迹水凝胶对BSA有最大吸附量。     

肝素化聚乙烯醇—海藻酸钙材料的制备及抗凝血性能 …

以戊二醛为交联剂,盐酸为催化剂将肝素以共价键的形式接枝在聚乙烯醇－海藻酸钙网状聚合物中,通过正交试验,确定了肝素,戊二醛和盐酸在接枝反应的用量。在保证材料机械强度的前提下,肝素在聚乙烯醇－海藻酸钙的接枝率为７０％。一系列血液相溶性试验证明,材料对人血浆蛋白的吸附量少,对人血的溶血度为３．９％,人血复钙时间比空白对照延长１２５ｓ,凝血时间延长１７４０ｓ。     

淀粉-甲基丙烯酸甲酯-醋酸乙烯酯接枝共聚反应研究

以玉米淀粉为接枝骨架,硝酸铈铵为引发剂甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）和醋酸乙酯（ＶＡＣ）为接枝单体,进行了接枝共聚,研究了单体用量,反应时间,引发剂秀量以及两单体配比对淀粉甲基丙烯酸甲酯－酯酸乙烯酯接枝共聚反应的影响,结果表明,当单体和淀粉用量比为２：１,引发剂浓度４．５×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ反应温度３０℃,反应时间２ｈ,ＭＭＡ和ＶＡＣ重量比为６：４时,可得到较高的接枝效率和接枝率,用核磁共振谱对接枝交     

夺氢型光引发剂制备淀粉接枝共聚物的研究

以二苯甲酮为光引发剂,通过光引发聚合制备淀粉-丙烯酸丁酯接枝共聚物。分别用红外光谱和偏光显微镜表征了接枝共聚物的化学结构和形态结构,考察反应时间、引发剂用量和单体用量对接枝反应的影响。结果表明,夺氢型光引发剂能有效地提高单体的接枝率和接枝效率,但随着引发剂用量和单体用量的增加,接枝效率会略有下降。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with