烟碱降解菌DAB2菌株的筛选、鉴定和降解特性

以烟碱为唯一碳源,从湖北省襄阳烟叶种植土壤中分离得到了一株烟碱降解菌,命名为DAB2,经形态观察、生理生化分析和16S rDNA序列分析,初步鉴定该菌株为中间苍白杆菌(O.intermedium).当培养基中烟碱质量浓度为1.0 g/L,DAB2菌株生长良好,烟碱降解率为88.42%;当烟碱质量浓度为3.0 g/L,降解率为52.46%;当烟碱质量浓度高于6.0 g/L时,菌株生长和烟碱降解率均呈下降趋势,烟碱降解率低于10.36%.DAB2菌株在烟碱质量浓度为1.0 g/L的烟碱培养基中培养,不同时间样品紫外扫描显示:0 h只有259nm处有吸收波峰,8 h时259nm处波峰降低,在230nm和290nm处出现了新峰,表明产生了中间产物.     

烟碱降解菌的筛选、鉴定及其降解性能的初步研究

以烟碱为唯一碳氮源,分别从云南省5个地区(腾冲、文山、弥勒、石林、玉溪)新鲜、健康烟草叶片表面及叶内分离得到18株烟碱降解菌,进一步筛选得到2株降解活性较高的菌株.经常规的形态观察,生理生化分析和16S rDNA序列同源性分析,初步鉴定2株菌同属于亚种(Pseudomonas cedrina subsp.cedrina).在温度28℃,培养基初始pH=7.0,摇床转速为180 r/min的培养条件下,当烟碱质量浓度低于3 g/L时,18 h即可将烟碱完全降解.该2株菌的烟碱降解周期较已报道同属或其他降解菌短,降解效率较高,具有较好的工业应用前景,且此亚种首次被报道具有降解烟碱功能.     

LAS共代谢降解菌的降解动力学研究

研究2株直链烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS)共代谢降解菌的降解动力学.分别对2株直链烷基苯磺酸钠共代谢降解菌克雷伯氏菌属(Klebsiella sp.)和肠杆菌属(Enterobacter sp.)进行研究,通过正交实验考察了其最佳降解条件,并进行降解动力学研究.当温度为30℃,p H值为7.5,装液量为50 m L时,最适合两株细菌降解LAS.其中菌株L-2在生长基质葡萄糖质量浓度为500 mg/L时,对50 mg/LLAS降解率为94.2%;菌株L-15在生长基质葡萄糖质量浓度为1 000 mg/L时,对50 mg/LLAS降解率为92.2%;当LAS质量浓度在25~100 mg/L范围内,2菌株降解反应符合一级动力学特征.本研究可为全基质生活污水处理LAS废水提供一定的理论依据.     

克雷伯氏菌N-5对三苯基锡的降解性能

通过耐受性实验,得到三苯基锡(TPT)高耐受性细菌N-5、N-6和酵母菌Ja、Jc.经初步测试,发现克雷伯氏菌N-5菌株的降解性能较为理想.性能研究表明,当菌龄为36 h且水样中菌质量浓度、TPT质量浓度、外加碳源葡萄糖质量浓度分别为14g/L、5、5 mg/L时,该菌对TPT的降解效果最好,5 d降解率达到50%左右.扫描电镜观察显示,该菌在有TPT存在的环境中,细胞发生明显变化,其变化程度随着TPT质量浓度的提高和处理时间的延长而加大,刺激强度较大时细胞变皱.且该菌体有集中起来抵御不良生长环境的自我保护机制.     

一株烟碱降解菌的筛选、保存及其降解性能

为了探究不同培养基保存方式、不同培养液条件下烟碱降解菌的降解性能,以烟碱为唯一碳源和氮源,从河南农业大学许昌校区现代烟草农业科教园区植烟土壤、腐烂烟叶中分离得到25株烟碱降解菌(耐受烟碱浓度为6 g/L),并选择降解效率较高的几株作为继续研究对象。研究表明:用烟碱作为唯一碳源和氮源的培养基(烟碱浓度2~3 g/L)斜面保存的菌株降烟碱活性较高;筛选得到一株烟碱高效降解菌5A-6-2,在其它碳、氮源同时存在时,仍然具有较强的烟碱降解能力;将5A-6-2接种至固体烟叶碎片中,28℃发酵7 d后,烟叶中烟碱含量下降了44.2%;通过16S r DNA序列分析发现,其与恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)同源性为99%。     

降解苯酚类污染物细菌的分离筛选

从某钢铁集团焦化厂污水处理曝气池取样,以苯酚为唯一碳源进行富集培养,然后经过分离与筛选,最后得到4株苯酚降解能力较强的菌株,这些菌株最高可耐受3.0 g.L-1的苯酚.苯酚降解能力测定表明,4株菌在72 h内能将浓度为1.5 g.L-1的苯酚完全降解,72 h内对浓度为2.0 g.L-1苯酚的降解率分别达到99.4%、80.5%、73.5%、70.1%.     

石油降解菌的筛选及其降解特性

为研究石油降解菌对海上溢油污染的降解能力,从大连石化隔油池污水中分离、纯化出一株以柴油为唯一碳源的石油降解菌DW-1.生理生化试验和16S rDNA序列分析结果表明,该菌株为假单胞菌Pseudomonassp.正交试验结果表明,该菌株最适宜生长条件为pH=8.5、盐度为30、氮磷比为10∶1.油培养基质量浓度为3 g/L时,将菌龄为48 h的细菌进行接种,平均除油率在70%左右,最高可达80.32%.海水培养基中絮状物特征表明,该菌株具有应用于海洋石油污染治理的潜质.     

萘降解菌的筛选及其降解特性研究

环境中的多环芳烃对生物体具有极强的诱变性和致癌性,且较难被生物降解.以萘为研究对象,从某炼油厂石油废水处理工艺的污泥中筛选到1株对萘具有较好降解效果的菌株N5,观察该菌株生化特征并对其降解条件进行优化.结果表明:在30 ℃,自然pH,氮源(NH4)2SO4质量浓度为0.3 g/L,接种量为0.5%的最适条件下,菌株对初始质量浓度为50 mg/L的萘在120 h内的降解率高达99.9%,该菌对高质量浓度萘有较好的耐受性.     

菲降解菌的降解特性及菲对其细胞表面形态的影响

从长期受PAHs污染的土壤中分离得到一株菲降解菌B4—氧化节杆菌(Arthrobacter oxydans).对其菲耐受能力及降解性能进行了考察,结果表明,该菌在有氧环境中能够耐受2 000 mg/L的菲,并对菲具有显著降解作用.当无机盐培养液中菲初始质量浓度为50 mg/L,B4投菌量为20 g/L(湿重,含水率:94.55%),菌龄为48 h,pH为7.0~8.0时,5 d内菲降解率为60%左右.通过原子力显微镜对菲降解前后菌体表面形态进行观察,结果显示,菲对该菌株存在一定毒性,随着作用时间的增加,细胞形态明显发生改变,其表面超微结构也趋于复杂.     

一株环己酮高效降解菌株的筛选及鉴定

自岳阳巴陵石化公司环己酮生产车间总出水口污泥中分离得到一株能快速降解环己酮的菌株,菌号为JDM-3-11.通过形态观察、生理生化特征检测和基于16S rRNA基因序列的系统发育分析,初步鉴定其为赤红球菌（Rhodococcus ruber）的一个菌株.当环己酮的质量浓度为2 000 mg/L时,在温度为30 ℃,转速为150 r/min,pH值为7的条件下,70 h内该菌株对环己酮的降解率达到94.79%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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