Ni-P-PTFE复合化学沉积的研究

研究了PTFE添加量及热处理温度对镀层性能的影响,研究结果表明:使用阳离子与非离子混合表面活性剂对PTFE微粒进行预处理,可提高PTFE在镀液中的润湿和分散能力,使之较易与镍离子一起共沉积;经高温热处理后的复合镀层的硬度及耐磨性有明显提高,且其耐磨性优于一般Ni-P镀层。X射线衍射实验结果证明:镀层硬度的提高是热处理使复合镀层晶化所致。     

Ni-SiC复合镀层的制备及耐蚀性研究

用电沉积法在碳钢表面制备Ni-SiC复合镀层.考察镀液中SiC的质量浓度,阴极电流密度,施镀温度和搅拌速度等工艺参数对复合镀层耐蚀性的影响,通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和电化学工作站分别对镀层的表观形貌、组成和耐蚀性进行测定.结果表明,复合镀层的表面平整致密,由金属Ni和SiC颗粒组成;对比碳钢基体和镍镀层,复合镀层的耐蚀性能最佳.     

Fe2+浓度对20号钢表面电镀Fe-Ni合金镀层的影响

采用电沉积技术在20号钢表面制备了Fe--Ni合金层,考察了镀液中Fe2+浓度对合金镀层沉积速度、镀层成分、相结构、镀层显微硬度和耐蚀性的影响规律,并探讨了耐蚀机理.实验结果表明:电镀Fe--Ni合金可获得纳米晶结构,随镀液中Fe2+浓度增加,镀层中含铁量增大;镀层显微硬度的变化与Fe原子在Ni晶格中有序固溶程度有关;Fe--Ni合金镀层的耐蚀性均优于20号钢,当镀液Fe2+浓度为0.01 mo.lL-1时,获得镀层具有最佳的耐蚀性.随镀层中铁含量增加,具有钝化特性的高含Ni的Fe--Ni相含量减少,耐蚀性下降,但该相纳米结构显著细化,加速钝化可提高耐蚀性,这一对矛盾导致镀层耐蚀性与铁含量间没有明显的变化规律.高孔隙率也是耐蚀性下降的原因之一.     

镍-磷-纳米SiO2化学复合镀层耐腐蚀特性研究

研究了镍-磷-纳米SiO2化学复合镀层的机理，用SEM和XRD等技术分析了，复合镀层的微观结构，比较了传统的化学镀镍-磷层和纳米复合镀层的沉积速度和耐蚀性，结果表明，纳米SiO2颗粒的引入加快了化学镀层的沉积速度，在同等条件下可降低化学镀的反应温度，镀层在酸、碱、盐水溶液中表现出了良好的耐蚀性能。     

稀土铈添加对Ni-Co-P化学镀层组织及耐蚀性的影响

探讨了稀土元素铈对化学镀Ni—Co—P镀层组织及耐蚀性的影响．结果表明,在化学镀Ni—Co—P基础液中添加适量稀土元素,可以改善镀液稳定性,提高沉积速度,细化镀层晶粒,降低合金镀层在5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀电流,从而提高镀层的耐蚀性。     

化学镀镍硼合金镀层组织形态及其形成机制

基于化学镀镍硼合金镀层的组织形态和成分、结构．探讨了镍硼合金镀层的沉积规律．分析表明，镀层在侧向和纵向上的相对沉积速度快慢是影响镀层组织形态的关键因素．柱状组织的形成原因是由于纵向沉积速度相对较快，该组织镀层含镍量相对较高，结构是非晶晶态混合结构；圆粒状组织是在侧向、纵向沉积速度较接近的条件下形成的，其成分中硼的含量相对较高，镀层结构趋于完全非晶态．     

稀土氧化钐对直流电沉积纳米镍铁合金箔的影响

利用直流电沉积的方法,在硫酸盐体系中制备纳米晶Ni-Fe合金镀层,研究在镀液中添加不同量的稀土氧化钐对镍铁合金箔镀层的影响.结果表明:添加氧化钐后镀层结晶细致,结构紧密,光亮度增加,添加氧化钐后并没有改变Ni-Fe合金箔的镀层结构,但使Ni-Fe合金箔的沉积速率下降,镀层的显微硬度增加;镀层中铁含量随着氧化钐含量的增加而逐渐降低,镀层耐蚀性得到提高.     

Ni-TiO2纳米复合电镀层的制备与性能研究

用电镀的方法制备出了Ni-TiO2纳米复合电镀层,讨论了表面活性剂、阴极电流密度、搅拌速率等对复合镀层硬度的影响,并分析了纳米TiO2的加入对复合镀层硬度、耐蚀性的影响情况.结果表明,与纯镍镀层相比,NI-纳米TiO2复合电镀层的硬度可提高90～190HV;添加阳离子表面活性剂分散纳米TiO2所得复合镀层硬度最高,说明阳离子表面活性剂有利于纳米TiO2-Ni复合电沉积.浸泡试验表明,在硝酸溶液中复合镀层的腐蚀速率高于纯镍镀层的腐蚀速率,但远低于未镀覆钢板的腐蚀速率,极化曲线表明,与纯镍镀层相比,复合镀层的自腐蚀电位没有显著提高.说明在复合镀层中添加纳米TiO2不能改善其耐蚀性.     

超声波化学镀镍工艺

采用超声波化学镀镍工艺，研究了有机聚合物薄膜上化学镀镍过程中温度、镀液成分对沉积速度及镀层情况的影响．采用SEM观测镀层表面形态、厚度，通过EDS测定镀层的镍磷含量，并用XRD分析了镀层的微观结构．     

H3PO3体系中镍磷非晶态合金及其耐蚀性能

用恒电流沉积、腐蚀电位和极化电阻等方法研究了H3PO3体系中Ni-P合金的电沉积及其镀层的腐蚀性能,用XRD、XPS、SEM检测了镀层的晶形、组成和表面形貌,探讨了沉积条件对镀层耐蚀性能的影响。研究结果表明：在H3PO3体系中得到的Ni-P合金镀层同样具有较强的耐蚀性,当镀层中磷的含量达7％时,晶形转为非晶态,镀层中含磷量越大,耐蚀性越好。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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