接收分集OFDM通信系统的盲信道估计

提出一种新的利用接收分集技术的OFDM通信系统盲信道估计方法.所提出的算法根据单入多出系统模型,可直接在一个接收数据块内估计出各个接收分支所对应的多径信道,且不要求接收信号的二阶统计量等相关统计信息.由于采用频域相除抵消技术,各分支的信道参数可分离估计,因此降低了计算复杂度.仿真分析表明该算法的有效性.     

Compressed sensing based channel estimation for fast fading OFDM systems

A compressed sensing (CS) based channel estimation algorithm is proposed by using the delay-Doppler sparsity of the fast fading channel. A compressive basis expansion channel model with sparsity in both time and frequency domains is given. The pilots in accordance with a novel random pilot matrix in both time and frequency domains are sent to measure the delay-Doppler sparsity channel. The relatively nonzero channel coefficients are tracked by random pilots at a sampling rate significantly below the Nyquist rate. The sparsity channels are estimated from a very limited number of channel measurements by the basis pursuit algorithm. The proposed algorithm can effectively improve the channel estimation performance when the number of pilot symbols is reduced with improvement of throughput efficiency.     

ZP-OFDM的简单数据处理和信道估计算法

为简化接收端信道估计和数据检测的复杂度,对使用零保护间隔(zero padding,ZP)的正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division modulation,OFDM)系统提出一种简单的数据处理和信道估计算法。利用插入ZP的特殊结构,经过时域简单处理,将信道矩阵变为循环矩阵,再对时域接收数据进行傅里叶变换,得到频域接收和发送数据一一对应的关系,可以和使用循环前缀(cyclic prefix,CP)的OFDM一样进行频域插入导频、频域信道估计和频域一阶均衡。仿真结果表明,使用ZP的OFDM系统节省了发送功率,在慢时变信道情况下具有和CP-OFDM相比拟的性能。     

Blind channel estimation for multiple antenna OFDM system subject to unknown carrier frequency offset

The problem of channel estimation for multiple an- tenna orthogonal frequency division multiplexing （OFDM） systems subject to unknown carrier frequency offset （CFO） is addressed. Multiple signal classification （MUSIC）-Iike algorithm, which generally has been used for direction estimation or frequency estimation, is used for channel estimation in multiple antenna OFDM systems. A reduced dimensional （RD）-MUSIC based algorithm for channel estimation is proposed in multiple antenna OFDM systems with unknown CFO. The Cramer-Rao bound （CRB） of channel estimation in multiple antenna OFDM systems with unknown CFO is derived. The proposed algorithm has a superior performance of channel estimation compared with the Capon method and the least squares method.     

卫星通信信号的多普勒频率参数盲估计

用泰勒级数的展开形式表示高动态的多普勒频率参数,推导了信号非线性变换后相邻数据样本的相位差与多普勒频率、一次变化率、二次变化率等多普勒频率参数的关系,由此建立了方程组并通过解方程实现无需任何先验信息的多普勒频率参数盲估计。仿真实验验证了该方法对M进制相移键控(M-ary phase shift keying, MPSK)、M进制正交幅度调制(M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation, MQAM)等常用卫星通信信号的可行性和有效性。     

Blind CFO estimation algorithm for OFDM systems by using generalized precoding and trilinear model

This paper discusses the blind carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems by utilizing trilinear decomposition and generalized precoding. Firstly, the generalized precoding is employed to obtain multiple covariance matrices which are requisite for the trilinear model, and then a novel CFO estimation algorithm is proposed for the OFDM system. Compared with both the joint diagonalizer and estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariant technique (ESPRIT), the proposed algorithm enjoys a better CFO estimation performance. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can work well without virtual carriers. Simulation results illustrate the performance of this algorithm.     

OQAM/OFDM系统中基于信道估计的原型滤波器设计

针对正交频分复用/交错正交幅度调制系统频率选择性信道,提出了基于信道估计的原型滤波器设计方案。就其导频频谱效率低的问题,提出了能够提高频谱效率的导频结构,并进行了信道估计。用信号与干扰加噪声比的倒数衡量原型滤波器对信道估计的影响并将其作为优化问题的约束条件之一,将最小化阻带能量作为目标函数,对原型滤波器的设计问题进行建模。为了加快收敛速度,保证获得全局最优解,利用基于块的分支定界法对原型滤波器的优化问题进行求解。仿真结果证明了所提方法的有效性。     

自适应OFDM系统中调制识别算法研究

提出了一种适用于快衰落信道下自适应OFDM系统的调制识别算法。在信道估计和频域补偿的基础上,利用子载波组样本的6阶和8阶累积量识别5种调制信号。仿真结果表明,该算法具有良好的识别性能和稳健性,在SNR=16 dB,移动台速度小于40 km/h的条件下,调制方式的正确识别率可在到95%以上。     

基于曲线拟合的卫星通信信号参数盲估计

针对非协作卫星通信环境,提出了一种卫星通信信号参数盲估计方法。它利用线性调制信号功率谱形状的对称性及其与成型滤波器的关系,基于曲线拟合的思想进行功率谱包络的提取,进而实现载波频率、带宽等参数的盲估计。仿真结果验证了该方法对MPSK、MQAM等常用卫星通信信号的有效性,且能适应较低的信噪比,具有计算量小、易于实现等优点。     

用于有虚载波OFDM系统的信道估计算法

提出了一种适用于有虚载波的正交频分复用系统的改进信道估计算法。由于传统的信道估计器无法估计虚载波处的信道传输函数,从而逆离散傅里叶变换导致信道能量泄漏,使得时域滤波方法不能直接应用。为了解决这个问题,利用信道冲激响应的有限性,推导了以最小二乘法(least square, LS)来估计虚载波处的信道传输函数。进一步观察信号子空间和噪声子空间中噪声的相关性,使用最大后验概率准则估计出信号子空间的噪声并消除其带来的估计误差。该算法不仅可在训练模式下应用,也可推广应用于基于判决反馈的跟踪模式。仿真结果表明,改进算法无误符号率平台效应,且其误符号率较传统LS算法有2 dB的信噪比增益。     

单用户无线信道盲均衡算法综述

无线信道盲均衡是近年来通信信号处理领域的研究热点。简要介绍了单用户无线信道盲均衡的数学描述,综述了基于Bussgang技术、高阶统计量、二阶矩、神经网络理论、信息理论盲源分离等几种典型算法,介绍了盲均衡的发展历程、研究现状,最后提出了发展半盲均衡算法及将信息熵理应用于盲均衡算法等有价值的研究方向。     

多径信道下ZP-OFDM信号的时域参数盲估计

针对低信噪比多径信道下,零前缀正交频分复用（zero prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, ZP-OFDM）信号时域参数估计精度低的问题,提出了一种改进的ZP-OFDM信号时域参数盲估计方法。该方法首先计算信号的功率自相关函数,并利用小波消噪及平滑滤波对其进行预处理,通过检测峰峰值距离的方法完成符号总长度的估计。然后计算单位符号总长度数据的幅度平方值并对其进行小波分解与重构,设定门限提取一个零前缀估计值。最后通过多段数据联合估计确定最终的零前缀估计长度。仿真实验结果表明,在低信噪比多径信道条件下,提出ZP-OFDM信号的时域参数盲估计方法具有良好的估计性能。     

基于RSAMP算法的OFDM稀疏信道估计

为了提高稀疏度自适应贪婪迭代(sparsity adaptive greedy iterative,SAGI)算法的重构性能,缩短重构时间,提出了一种基于有限等距性质(restricted isometry property,RIP)的稀疏度预测自适应匹配追踪(RIP based prediction-sparsity...     

Blind channel identication of nonlinear folding mixing model

1 .INTRODUCTIONBlind source separation ( BSS) or independentcomponent analysis(ICA) has been studiedin thepast dozen years and usedin the applications suchas array signal processing , speech and biomedic-al ,etc . Signals from multi-sensor systems are of-ten mixtures of ( statistically ) independentsources , and need to be recovered to the talentones .The linear instantaneous mixing model ofICA or BSS[1 ,2]isx=As+nwheresis an unknown random vector ofNinde-pendent components ,Ais anM…     

基于LDPC码的BICM系统中的迭代盲信道估计

针对传统基于导频辅助的信道估计方法频带利用率低的不足,提出一种块衰落信道下的迭代盲信道估计算法,该算法基于最大似然估计(maximum likelihood,ML),将译码产生的信息经判决、交织和映射后的符号作为发端的符号估计进行联合迭代信道估计和译码,随着迭代次数的增加,译码输出值更加精确,信道估计值也越来越精确。将之应用到基于低密度校验(low-density parity-check,LDPC)码的比特交织编码调制(bit-interleaved coded modulation,BICM)系统中,仿真结果表明,在对迭代信道估计算法性能的影响上,信噪比与衰落信道的块长之间存在着折中关系,即在低信噪比区域,块长较大时的性能要好于块长较小时的性能,而在高信噪比区域,情况正好相反。     

基于LSTBC-OFDM系统的信道估计简化算法

针对MIMO-OFDM通信系统中基于导频的常规信道估计算法存在矩阵求逆过程,使算法计算量过大的现象,提出了一种基于最小二乘(LS)的信道估计简化算法。该算法利用分层结构的空时分组编码技术(LSTBC)和优化设计的导频符号,避免了LS算法的矩阵求逆过程,大大降低LS算法的复杂度和运算量。仿真结果表明,该方法在运算复杂度显著降低的情况下,仍可取得和原算法同样的性能结果。     

OFDM水声通信系统LS-DFT信道估计算法

对于正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM)水声通信系统,频域最小二乘(least square, LS)信道估计算法受噪声影响较大,离散傅里叶变换(discrete Fourier transform, DFT)插值算法引入了由于空载波所产生的误差。针对上述问题,提出了一种LS-DFT信道估计算法,先对导频子载波进行LS信道估计,再通过DFT作降噪处理,然后通过误差对比和数据替换,得到一组新的导频信道估值,最后通过线性插值获得数据子载波处的信道估值。理论分析和仿真结果均表明,该算法能以较小的复杂度有效提升系统的性能。     

Hybrid pilots assisted channel estimation algorithm for MIMO-OFDM systems

Abstract: A hybrid pilots assisted channel estimation algorithm for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems under low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and arbitrary Doppler spread scenarios is proposed. Motivated by the dissatisfactory performance of the optimal pilots (OPs) designed under static channels over multiple OFDM symbols imposed by fast fading channels, the proposed scheme first assumes that the virtual pilot tones superimposed at data locations over specific subcarriers are transmitted from all antennas, then the virtual received pilot signals at the corresponding locations can be obtained by making full use of the time and frequency domain correlations of the frequency responses of the time varying dispersive fading channels and the received signals at pilot subcarriers, finally the channel parameters are derived from the combination of the real and virtual received pilot signals over one OFDM symbol based on least square (LS) criterion. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed method is insensitive to Doppler spread and can effectively ameliorate the mean square error (MSE) floor inherent to the previous method, meanwhile its performance outmatches that of OPs at low SNR region under static channels.     

SC-FDE系统中基于UW的联合信道估计均衡算法

针对基于特殊字(unique word, UW)帧结构的单载波频域均衡(single carrier frequency domain equalization, SC-FDE)系统提出一种联合信道估计噪声预测最小均方误差-残留码间干扰消除(minimum mean square error-residual intersymbol interference cancellation, MMSE-RISIC)均衡算法。该算法包括噪声预测MMSE-RISIC均衡算法与基于UW的噪声消除时域信道估计算法, 并将频域均衡算法与信道估计算法相结合。最后,利用华北地区300 km的9径散射链路参数进行仿真, 结果表明基于UW的噪声消除时域信道估计算法较基于UW的时域信道估计算法总体性能有所提高, 当误码率为10^-2时信噪比大约有1.2 dB的性能增益; 联合信道估计噪声预测MMSE-RISIC均衡算法相比改进MMSE-RISIC均衡算法性能也有提高, 当误码率为10^-2时信噪比大约有3.2 dB的性能增益。     

基于EM的MIMO-OFDM系统MAP信道估计算法

最大后验概率（maximum a posteriori, MAP）信道估计算法应用于MIMO-OFDM系统时将带来大规模矩阵求逆和乘积运算,且OFDM符号的数据传输效率随着发送天线的增多逐渐下降。针对这些弊端,提出一种基于期望最大化（expectation maximum, EM）的MAP信道估计算法,并分析了算法的性能。该算法利用EM算法把多输入输出信道估计问题化简为一系列独立的单输入输出问题,避免了大规模矩阵运算,降低了MAP算法的计算复杂度;为进一步改善MAP算法的数据传输效率及其估计性能,可通过对多个连续的OFDM符号进行联合信道估计。通过仿真实验证明了该算法的有效性。