三维扭曲叶片贴体网格生成的多网格—强隐式方法

采用直接求解偏微分方程组的方法生成具有复杂扭曲规律的三元离心叶轮贴体网格坐标.在数值求解中采用了三维强隐式方法和多网格技术,大大提高了数值计算的收敛速度.用本方法生成的三维贴体网格,具有网格线光滑性好,并可较方便地控制网格曲线的分布规律等优点,可用于三维粘性流场和跨音流场计算网格的生成.     

用PDE方法生成船体周围流场网格

在船体表面精确表达的基础上，采用船体表面的贴体坐标，求解Ｐｏｉｓｓｏｎ－ｔｙｐｅ ＰＤＥ方程得到船体周围三维流场网格，通过改变控制函数，能可视化地，交互地产生不同疏密和走向的网络。这种方法较适合于具有任意曲面内外边界条件下的三维流场网格生成。     

高速双体船兴波阻力的数值计算

本文以理想流体的势流理论为基础，建立高速双体船的模型，由于双体船每一片体长宽比Ｌ／Ｂ很大，兴波接近于线性理论，计算时在船体表面及自由表面布置Ｒａｎｋｉｎｅ源，采用线性自由表面条件，对片体方尾后自由表面作特殊边界处理，从理论上预报了高速双体船在不同Ｆｒｏｕｄｅ数，不同片体间距船宽比时，船体周围的流场分布，船体内、外侧表面的波形、压力分布以及兴波阻力系数。     

三体船升沉和纵倾计算及其对兴波阻力的影响

基于三维Rankine源方法迭代计算三体船静水航行时的兴波阻力、升沉和纵倾.计算过程中采用NURBS曲面表达船体,根据迭代计算得到的升沉和纵倾确定船体平均浸湿表面,并用铺砌法对其进行全四边形网格划分,计算三体船及其中体的兴波阻力、升沉和纵倾.计算结果与试验结果比较表明,所提方法能够较准确地预报三体船静水航行升沉和纵倾,且考虑升沉和纵倾后,三体船兴波阻力数值计算精度有明显改进.     

典型标准水面船型阻力和黏性流场的计算

本文通过采用PISO(Pressure Implicit with Splitting of Operators)算法求解不可压缩RANS方程,对两类典型标准水面船型阻力和黏性流场问题进行数值计算验证.其中自由面的模拟采用单相Level set方法,湍流模式选取SST k-ω模型.首先以标准数学船型Wigley船为例,进行网格收敛性验证,讨论分析时间步长的选取和壁面网格参数的确定对计算结果的影响,为复杂问题的求解提供经验参考;然后在合适的网格及时间步长下计算不同Froude数(Fr)时Wigley船体受到的总阻力系数、摩擦阻力系数、船体表面波高图等,并分别与模型试验结果和经验公式估算结果对比,结果吻合很好,从而验证了该算法的可靠性.此外,还模拟计算了第二类标准船型DTMB5415的阻力系数和黏性流场,总阻力计算结果与实验结果吻合很好,船体波高图与实验结果相比稍有误差.数值计算结果和分析充分证明本文算法和计算程序的可靠性.     

斜流式喷水推进器内部三维紊流流动的数值模拟与性能分析

应用数值模拟方法研究斜流式喷水推进器内部紊流流场,基于紊流流场计算分析了其特性.采用三维贴体坐标网格对计算区域进行剖分离散,选择k-ε双方程紊流模型,应用SIMPLEC数值方法计算内流场各流动参数,进而根据流场的计算结果预测了该推进器内部泵在不同工况下的性能.计算结果与实验结果进行了对比,二者有较好的一致性.     

三维船体自由面贴体网格的数值生成

本文开发了一种用于任意船型的可讨论自由面对船体粘性流场影响的三维船体贴体网格的自动生成程序。文中所采用的三维船体贴体坐标系将不固定在随时间运动的自由表面上，以预估的最大波高来限制自由面网格的区域，通过内插或外插来满足自由面上的边界条件。该模块的特点是网格生成的计算量相当小，尤其能极方便地控制自由面在船面附近的网格密度以及船面附近的网格间距，以Ｓｅｒｉｅｓ６０船模作为计算算例，其网格生成的质量是相当     

喷水推进船模旋转叶轮流场的数值分析

为建立喷水推进船的自航试验模型,采用虚拟盘模型和重叠网格模型对装船后喷水推进器内的旋转叶轮进行数值计算,探讨了2种数值计算模型所得喷水推进船模船体的外流场及推进器流道内的轴向速度分布,并分析了喷水推进船模的流场特性.结果表明:2种模型的船体外流场计算结果基本一致,但两者的推进器内流场计算结果存在明显差别,且重叠网格模型的计算结果更接近真实叶轮状态;2种模型都能够模拟喷水推进船模内、外的流场特性,且对局部压力分布和船尾射流造成的兴波干扰效果的模拟结果均具有一致性.     

船舶CFD结构化网格自动生成技术的开发

为提高船舶黏性流场计算流体动力学(CFD)数值计算的效率,开发了带自由面三维船舶黏性流场CFD计算用网格自动生成软件.该软件可实现三维船体曲面模型导入、计算区域划分、结构化网格生成及边界条件设置等操作的自动化完成和参数化控制.以某集装箱船模校验程序,并在阻力性能和自由表面波高分布等多方面将数值计算结果与试验结果作对比.结果表明,该软件所生成网格在保证船舶阻力性能预报足够精确的同时,生成效率得到极大提高.     

船舶操纵粘性流求解器的开发与应用

介绍了基于求解雷诺平均纳维-斯托克斯(RANS)方程的分区网格船舶操纵粘性流求解器,以及应用该求解器计算船舶操纵相关的粘性流动与水动力的研究工作.计算了舵的粘性流场和水动力,所预报的舵升力曲线和阻力曲线在舵角未达到失速角前,与现有的试验和计算结果符合良好,所预报的舵失速角稍偏小.还计算了6∶1椭球体和Wigley船体做大角度定常斜航运动时的3维粘性流场及水动力,正确地模拟这种以层流/湍流分离流为主的复杂粘性流动,从而检验和验证了该求解器精确模拟粘性分离流动和计算水动力的能力.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the