菏泽地区第五代棉铃虫研究初报

黄河故道生态区，一般年份棉铃虫发生４个世代，若气温偏高，有第五代或不完整的第五代发生。经调查，摸清了第五代棉铃虫发生规律与为害的特点，为测报和防治提供了科学依据。     

上海郊区棉铃虫发生期预测方法的摸索

上海郊区的棉铃虫一年发生四到五代,从第二代开始进入棉田为害,其中以第三、四代,特别是第四代,发生量大,为害棉花最为严重,是重点防治的世代。根据广大群众的经验,在产卵盛期喷药,以杀灭虫卵和初孵幼虫,防治效果较好。因此,我们于1972年以上海县北桥公社为基点,摸索了第四代产卵盛期的预测方法。 1.发生期预测的三环节根据发育进度推算害虫发生期的“发育进度法”,是当前广泛使用的害虫预测预报法。这类方法的优点是它考虑到多方面环境条件对害虫发育速度的综合影响,并以田间害虫     

棉叶喷磷驱避棉铃虫产卵

湖北沔阳县下查埠公社的科技人员,根据磷元素对棉铃虫有驱避产卵的习性,近年来开展了大面积棉叶喷施过磷酸钙驱避棉铃虫产卵的实验,取得较显著的效果。据在12873亩喷磷棉田的多点调查,第3代棉铃虫发生时,喷磷区百株卵量均在10粒(防治标准)以下,对照区有55%的面积达到防治标准;第4代棉铃虫发生时的调查结果趋势一致。同时,棉叶喷磷还有根外追肥的效果,对棉花增产、早熟和提高皮棉品质都有一定的促进作用。     

农八师—四八团场棉铃虫监测初报

应用黑光灯、性诱剂，杨枝把等诱捕手段监测148团场棉铃虫的发生情况，经过两年监测表明，该团棉铃虫一年发生三代，第一代棉铃虫幼 虫主要为害麦田，第二代和第三代幼虫主要为害棉花。尤其是第三代为害棉花比较重，蔬菜田发生为害比较均匀。黑光灯监测表明，越冬代始见期逐年提前，数量逐年增加，成虫雌雄比例差异显著。雌虫多于雄虫。     

一九七一年宁波地区棉铃虫发生、为害和防治的情况

棉铃虫是我地区棉花中后期为害花、蕾、铃的一种主要害虫。在一九六五年之前,棉铃虫发生数量很少,没有引起人们的注意。从一九六五年以来,发生数量逐渐增多。去年宁波地区普遍地大量发生,成为棉花生产上的一种毁灭性的虫害,有的地方为害严重程度超过红铃虫。由于对该虫认识不够,药治不够及时,因此造成很大损失。据慈溪检查,第四代棉铃虫,伏桃被害率一般在20%左右,秋花、蕾被害率在70%以上,损失率一般在二成以上。第     

新疆伊犁地区棉铃虫发生与环境因子的关系及其防治技术的研究

1997－1999年连续3年新疆伊犁地区棉铃虫大发生，对上述棉铃虫大发生年份的环境因子进行了相关分析，并对棉铃虫的防治进行了初步试验研究，结果表明，环境因素对棉铃虫的发生有直接的影响作用。     

新疆塔里木植棉区棉铃虫的综合防治技术

新疆塔里木盆地植棉区棉铃虫的发生,逐年发生较重,只有掌握棉铃虫在植棉区发生规律,采取合理的综合防治方法,才能减轻棉铃虫的发生危害,保证棉花产业的高产优质高效。     

新疆北部棉铃虫发生趋势及影响因子分析

针对９０年代以来新疆北部棉区棉铃虫发生有回升的趋势,通过查阅大量区内外文献资料,在对北疆有代表性的棉区,石河子、莫索湾、下野地、玛纳斯、呼图壁、奎屯、车排子等实地调查的基础上,比较了北疆与内地省份近年来的棉铃虫发生情况,并参考８０年代前后棉铃虫的数量动态,较系统地阐述了影响棉铃虫质量、数量动态的生物学、生态学以及人为因子,并提出防治对策。     

35%安消防治棉花棉铃虫田间药效试验

为验证35%安消对棉花棉铃虫的田间防治效果,在棉玲虫发生期,667m2用35%安消的160ml剂量与35%赛丹150ml剂量对照,喷雾防治,施药后第1、3、7、14天分别调查记录棉铃虫和天敌的存活数。结果表明,安消优于赛丹。     

石河子棉铃虫的消长原因及防治要点

棉铃虫是棉花的一种常发性害虫,但一直为害较轻,在棉花“三虫”的防治上处于弱势地位。2002年石总场仅有两块棉田棉铃虫发生较重,占棉花总面积的0.2%;2004年棉铃虫发生达8.5万亩,平均减产6.8%,最高百株幼虫量为50头,减产幅度达20￣30%。2005年垦区加大了对棉铃虫的系统调查和棉     

沿江棉区棉田棉铃虫卵的空间格局

对安徽沿江棉田棉铃虫卵的空间分布动态规律进行了调查研究,结果表明棉铃虫卵在棉田的聚集程度随发生代次而逐渐增强,发现不同代次虫口密度相同对理论抽样数明显不同,提出了沿江各代估值调查中的理论抽样数,并对几种空间格局模型拟合棉铃虫的空间分布情况作了比较。     

Commercial production of transgenic Bt insect-resistant cotton varieties and the resistance management for bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera Hubner)

There are currently three kinds of transgenic Bt insect-resistant cotton germplasm lines, Shanxi 94-24, Zhongxin 94 and R19, in China. They showed high resistance to the neonate larvae of bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera). Transgenic Bt insect-resistant cotton varieties or hybrids have been bred using the three kinds of germplasm lines as parents. Our researches reveal that there exist different expressions in resistant level at different developmental stages in the three categories of germplasm lines. When neonate larvae are fed with leaves of cotton plant at the seeding stage with less than 10 leaves on the main stem, the mortality of the neonate larvae is 100%, but the resistance level will decline at later season. When Bt gene has been transferred to the cotton genome, it can be steadily transferred to the progeny, the level of resistance to bollworm keeps fundamentally uniform. Such insects as tobacco budworm (Heliothis virencens) in laboratory directive selection are very apt to produce resistance to the Bt insecticidal crystal protein. From the present crop system of cotton region in the Yangtze and Yellow River Valleys, and the expression characteristic of transgenic Bt resistant cotton, we suggest that the resistance to toxin protein in bollworm is not apt to be produced if the transgenic Bt insect-resistant cotton varieties are released and grown in the regions except in the Xinjiang cotton region. The managing strategies to delay or retard the resistance are discussed.     

荧光增白剂对苏云金杆菌制剂毒力影响的初步研究

本研究采用棉铃虫为试虫，在一定浓度的Bt溶液中加入一定浓度的荧光增白剂后，感染棉铃虫的初孵幼虫，72小时以后，对其死亡率进行统计分析，结果表明：荧光增白剂对Bt有增效作用。     

新疆棉铃虫地理种群差异的酯酶同工酶分析

对新疆不同地区的棉铃虫进行酯酶同工酶电泳，计算出酯酶同工酶的迁移率，并利用SPSS对其迁移率进行聚类分析，结果表明南北疆棉铃虫种群存在差异性。     

Can other host species of cotton bollworm be non-Bt refuges to prolong the effectiveness of Bt-cotton?

The potential ecological risks ofBacillus thurigiensis (Bt) insecticides and Bt-crops have caused increasing concern since their commercial release in the field, among which pests’ resistance to Bt-crops is the major ecological risk. Refuge tactic, which can produce sensitive populations, has proved to be a key and sound resistance management strategy in USA and Australia; however, no tactics have been performed in China where Bt-cotton is mostly planted with other host crops of cotton bollworm. Genetic variation and gene flow among different host populations of the cotton bollwormHelicoverpa armigera were analyzed using PCR fingerprinting method. The results show that maize and castor-oil plant, as well as cotton can take effect as refuges to prevent resistance of cotton bollworm to Bt-cotton, while peanut and sesame are not as suitable for planting with Bt-cotton as refuges in the field as low gene flow was detected among populations on peanut, sesame and Bt cotton.     

高渗酮增效农药制剂对棉铃虫幼虫室内杀伤力试验研究

:用高渗酮增效的四种不同的高渗农药制剂在室内对棉铃虫幼虫的杀伤力进行了试验。结果表明 :高渗酮对农药具有显著的增效作用 ,加有高渗酮的农药可使用药量减少 5 0 %以上 ,而对棉铃虫幼虫的杀灭率明显提高。另外也表明 :高渗酮在农药增效方面优于氮酮产品     

The Recent Advances in Plant Protection Researches of China

There are eight examples briefly given in this paper, namely, (1) Polymyxa graminis and the cereal viruses it transmits; (2) the geographical types and facultative migration of cotton bollworm as well as the safety of Bt transgenic cotton; (3) development of crop near-isogenic lines with resistance to diseases; (4) molecular-biological researches induced resistance of rice by infection of blast fungus;(5) to use cytological and molecular-biological techniques for breeding wheat varieties resistant to barley yellow dwarf virus; (6) mass rearing and field releasing of Microplitis mediator for cotton bollworm control; (7) identification and recombination of insecticidal crystal genes of Bacillus thuringiensis; and (8) interplanting of diverse resistance rice varieties for sustainable control of blast disease; which reflect the general situation of recent advances in plant protection researches of China.     

新疆昌吉市棉花害虫种类及防治现状调查

对昌吉市棉花害虫种类进行了调查.结果表明:棉花害虫(螨)有17种,其中害螨4种,为害严重的害虫(螨)有棉铃虫、棉蚜、棉叶螨等.文章阐述了昌吉市棉花主要害虫的危害及防治现状,提出了今后对棉花害虫(螨)综合治理的意见和建议.