The growth-retarding effect of Alden in Spirodela oligorrhiza

Summary Alden® (10^–5 M) retarded growth and increased chlorophyll and protein contents in Spirodela, the effects being reduced by gibberellin and benzyladenine. Alden nearly doubled activity of soluble phosphatase and increased activity of RNase.Acknowledgments. Original inoculum of S. oligorrhiza was kindly supplied by Prof. E. G. Bollard and Dr. A. R. Ferguson of the Plant Diseases Division, D. S. I. R., Auckland, New Zealand. Alden® was kindly supplied by Dr. W. H. De Silva of Dr R. Maag Ltd., Chemical Works, Dielsdorf, Switzerland.     

Initial orientation of homing pigeons: different sensitivity to altered magnetic fields in birds of different countries

Summary In experiments performed in Italy, altered magnetic fields were effective in biasing the initial orientation of Italian pigeons but not that of German pigeons raised in Italy, suggesting a genetic difference between the two bird stocks.We are grateful to Dr H. G. Wallraff who kindly supplied the German pigeons used in our experiments and gave useful suggestions.     

Molluscicidal and insecticidal activities of isobutylamides isolated fromFagara macrophylla

Summary Five isobutylamides were isolated as insect growth inhibitors and toxicants fromFagara macrophylla and identified from their spectroscopic data.Insects were kindly supplied by the agencies of the USDA in Tifton, GA; Phoenix, AZ and Brownsville TX. The authors thank Professor D. Heyneman forB. glabratus supply. This work was partly supported by a PHS Biomedical Grant to I.K.     

Secretion of high density lipoprotein by the isolated perfused alcoholic rat liver

Summary Chronic alcohol feeding of a low fat diet for 5 weeks led to a slightly raised though statistically non-significant high density liproprotein cholesterol/apoB containing lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in both the fasting rat serum as well as the secretory products of the isolated perfused liver.Acknowledgments. Human RBC was kindly supplied by the Canadian Red Cross. This work was supported by MRC, DISCUS and the Department of National Health and Welfare, Canada. H. L. is the holder of an MRC studentship.     

Endothelial injury by nicotine and its prevention

Summary Nicotine administered i.v. or p.o. in doses above 0.0125 mg/kg to the rat caused a highly significant increase in circulating anuclear carcasses of endothelial cells estimated by an original method. This effect of nicotine was completely prevented by a prior oral administration of the flavonoids hydroxyethylrutosides (HR) or Mono-7-HR.Acknowledgment. Both flavonoid preparations were kindly supplied by Zyma SA, Nyon Switzerland.     

Possible influence of prolactin on intestinal hypertrophy in pregnant and lactating rats

Summary The increase in intestinal weights during lactation, and to a lesser extent during pregnancy, is inhibited by bromocriptin. This suggests that increased prolactin secretion might be responsible for gut hypertrophy during lactation.This work was supported by N.I.H. grant Ca-05388 and a Rockefeller Foundation Fellowship.The author is very grateful to Professor H.A. Bern for his useful suggestions. Professor E. Flückiger, Sandoz Ltd, kindly supplied the bromocriptin used in this study.     

An insect growth inhibitor fromTrichilia roka (Meliaceae)

Summary A limonoid sendanin has been identified by spectroscopic data in the fresh fruit of a tropical tree,Trichilia roka (Meliaceae). It has an insect growth inhibitory activity against 4 important cotton insect pests. The absolute configuration of sendanin has been proposed based on CD-data.Insects were kindly supplied by the agenices of the USDA in Tifton, Ga, Phoenix, Az, and Brownsville, Tx. Authentic sample of sendanin was kindly provided by Prof. M. Ochi. The authors thank J. C. James for the CD measurement.     

Effect of fatty acids on fetal rat bone in culture

Zusammenfassung Nachweis, dass Fettsäuren (Palmitin-, Stearin- und Ölsäuren) in sehr niedrigen Konzentrationen die Kalziumabgabe und die Knochenresorption in fötalen Ratten in vitro fördern.

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The studies were supported by USPHS grant No. AM 11262. The albumin monomer was kindly supplied by Drs.J. Brand andL. Raisz.     

A comparative study of some anti-inflammatory drugs in wound healing of the rat

Resumen Varias drogas anti-inflamatorias incluyendo una droga antiinflamatoria no esteroidea nueva fueron investigadas en heridas producidas en ratas. AHR-1911 resultó ser la droga menos depresora de la cicatrización de las heridas cuando se comparó con la fenilbutazona y la dexametasona. Un menor contenido de colágeno en las heridas fue observado con el uso de AHR-1911.

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This study was in part presented at IV Latin-american Congress on Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Caracas, Venezuela, July 9–14, 1972.

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AHR-1911 was kindly supplied by ProfessorN. Ercoli. Dexamethasone and phenylbutazone were supplied by Merck Sharp and Dohme and Geigy Laboratories, respectively, Caracas, Venezuela.     

Mercury binding to human haemoglobin

Zusammenfassung Mittels²⁰³Hg als Hg-Chlorid wurden die freien SH-Gruppen des Hämoglobins in einem stromafreien Hämolysat titriert und festgestellt, dass die durchschnittliche Zahl freier, reaktiver SH-Gruppen pro Molekül 2,5 betrug.

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Lead-203 was kindly supplied by the M. R. C. Cyclotron Unit, Hammersmith, London. D. B. is a Wellcome Senior Research Fellow in Clinical Science.     

Adenovirus type 12 infection of defined mouse-human hybrid cell clones

Summary Human adenovirus type 12 does not multiply in mouse cells; only viral T-antigen is detected. Mouse-human cell hybrid clones containing human chromosomes A3, B5, C7, C11, C12, D14, E17, F19 and F20, support synthesis of adenovirus DNA and capsid antigens.The hybrid clones used in these experiments were kindly supplied by Drs.Carlo Croce andHilary Koprowski of the Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Supported by Grants from National Cancer Institute.     

Production of heteroagglutinins in haemocytes ofLeucophaea maderae L.

Summary It was our purpose to study the immunological activity of circulating fluid cells in the blattoid insectLeucophaea maderae L. These cells are generically called haemocytes; after a preliminary morphological study under optical microscope, they were treated with anti-heteroagglutinins serum marked with fluorescein isothiocyanate. Thus, it was possible to show the presence of heteroagglutinins into the cytoplasm, as regards one group of haemocytes, and on the cell membrane for the second group.Acknowledgment. The author wishes to express his sincere thanks to Prof.R. Milani, Director of the Zoological Department of the University of Pavia, who kindly supplied the insects to carry out the present research.     

Site of sex pheromone biosynthesis in the female housefly,Musca domestica L.

Summary The primary site of sex pheromone biosynthesis in the female housefly is the abdominal integument tissue, whereas the contribution of the legs is relatively minor. A substantial portion of the sex pheromone components are, however, transferred from the abdomen to the legs, probably as a result of grooming.Acknowledgment. This work was supported by the Science and Education Administration of the U.S. Department of Agriculture under grant No. 7801064 from the Competitive Research Grants Office. Contribution of the Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station, Journal Series No 524. Housefly pupae were kindly supplied by Dr Ted Shapas, S.C. Johnson and Son, Inc., Racine, Wisconsin.Author for correspondence.     

Peripheral vascular effects of histamine administered into the cerebral ventricles of anaesthetized cats

Zusammenfassung An narkotisierten Katzen wurden der arterielle Blutdruck und der venöse Ausfluss aus der Vorderpfote oder aus dem Hinterbein registriert. Injektionen von Histamin in die Hirnventrikel bewirkten Erhöhung des Blutdruckes und Vasokonstriktion in der Vorderpfote. Im Hinterbein war die Vasokonstriktion weniger ausgesprochen. Auch nach Entfernung der Nebennieren war der Pressoreffekt vorhanden, woraus folgt, dass die periphere Vasokonstriktion für den durch intraventrikuläres Histamin hervorgerufenen Pressoreffekt verantwortlich ist.

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This work was supported by the Swedish Medical Research Council (Project No. W 349). Rheomacrodex was kindly supplied by Pharmacia, Uppsala (Sweden).     

Ureteral contractions induced by rat urine in vitro: Probable involvement of renal kallikrein

Summary Rat urine, even at a 110 final dilution in Tyrode's solution, stimulates contraction of the ureteral musculature in vitro. This effect can be ascribed to the presence of kallikrein or a kallikrein-like enzyme in urine. Isometric contractions of ureters were prevented by previous addition of aprotinin to the organ bath. Urine also lost its activity after inactivation of enzymes by heat or acid treatment.Acknowledgments. Aprotinin (Trasylol^®) was kindly supplied by Baypropharm, Köln, W.-Germany. This work was supported by the German Research Foundation (SFB 90).     

Hypothalamic tyrosine hydroxylase activity,plasma gonadotropin and prolactin levels after aminooxyacetic acid in ovariectomized rats

Summary Plasma concentrations of gonadotropin, prolactin and hypothalamic tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity were measured in ovariectomized rats treated with aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA), a drug which elevates brain GABA levels. Hypothalamic TH activity was significantly increased with a significant decrease in prolactin (Prl) release. Plasma levels of gonadotropins were not modified by AOAA. These results support an inhibitory action of GABA on Prl release possibly mediated through hypothalamic dopamine.Supported by grants from Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi. RIA kits for the estimation of LH, FSH and Prl were kindly supplied by Dr A.F. Parlow, NIAMDD-NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. GNB is a UGC research fellow.     

The distribution of inorganic phosphate in blood conserved at 4°C in acid-citrate-dextrose with adenosine and persantin®

Zusammenfassung Persantin verzögert den Konzentrationsanstieg des anorganischen Phosphats in Erythrozyten und Plasma bei der Lagerung von Blutkonserven gegenüber der alleinigen Zugabe von ACD oder ACD-Adenosin.

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The author is very much indebted toDr. Barbara Lewandowska for revision of the English text.

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Persantin^® (2,6-bis [diaethanoloamino]-4,8-dipiperidinopyrimido-5,4-pyrimidine; dipyridamole) was kindly supplied by C. H. Boehringer Sohn, Ingelheim, Germany.     

The effect of pentagastrin on the A1-cells of the pancreatic islets in guinea-pigs

Zusammenfassung Meerschweinchen wurden für 5 Tage mit Pentagastrin injiziert und die Kerngrössen in den Pankreas-Inseln mit Karyometrie bestimmt. Die Kerne der A₁-Zellen nahmen in den behandelten Tieren am Anfang ab und schienen kleiner als in den Kontrollen. In den A₂-und B-Zellen wurden keine Veränderungen nach Pentagastrin notiert. Die Resultate stützen die Auffassung, dass Gastrin in den A₁-Zellen produziert wird.

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The work was supported by grants from the Swedish Medical Research Council No. B70-2297-03. The pentagastrin (Peptavlon) was kindly supplied by Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI).     

The role of hypercapnia in acetazolamide teratogenesis

Zusammenfassung Für die teratogene Wirkung von Acetazolamid beim Hamster ist nicht nur der die CO₂-Konzentration erhöhende Effekt verantwortlich. Das Aussetzen der mit Acetazolamid behandelten Muttertiere in eine mit 10% CO₂ angereicherte Atmosphäre erhöhte zwar die Inzidenz, nicht aber den Schweregrad der Missbildungen der Vorderextremität.

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This work was supported by NIH grants No. HD 03298 and GM 00687, and the elective program of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. Acetazolamide was kindly supplied by Lederle Laboratories, Pearl River, N. Y.     

Larval necrophagy and photopigment phenocopying inMusca domestica (L.)

Summary The intensity of photopigment modification in green-eyed house flies increased with increasing larval density and the relative frequency of +-type larvae. Phenocopying in these precursor deficient mutants resulted from the consumption of their dead 3rd instar +-type sibs.Supported by C.U.N.Y., Faculty Research Award Program Grant 1103 and N.I.H. Biomedical Research Support Program 5-SO5-RR07064.We thank Alice Chabora and B. Wallace for their discussions and Sandra Smolin for her technical assistance. I.C. McDonald of the USDA Metabolism and Radiation Research Laboratory, Fargo, N.D., kindly supplied marker strains of house fly eye color mutants.