近似动态规划算法在病房分配上的应用

若特护病房床位满且有新病人到达时,医生可以采取拒绝新病人进入病房或释放原病房内的病人接收新病人的策略,两种策略均会产生相应成本.本文建立了一个有限状态空间,并在此空间上定义偏序.为了选取一个最优决策序列使得总期望成本函数值最小,提出近似动态规划算法,并证明算法几乎处处收敛到最优成本函数.并利用最优成本函数在状态空间上的单调性加快算法收敛速度.从而为特护病房的医生提供一个近似最优的决策序列,在实际问题中,该算法可以得到广泛应用.     

一种带滤子的QP-free非可行域方法

提出了一种带滤子的QP-free非可行域方法,用来解不等式约束的最优化问题.此方法通过乘子函数和3-1线性互补函数构造一个等价于原约束问题的一阶KKT条件的非光滑方程组,并在此基础上给出解这个方程组的迭代算法.这个方法的每一步迭代都可以看作是对求KKT条件解的牛顿或拟牛顿迭代的扰动,在线性搜索时用到滤子方法.这个方法是可实行的且具有全局性,并且在适当的条件下还可以得到此方法的超线性收敛性.用此算法进行了数值检验,结果表明此方法是可行有效的.     

求解Po-函数非线性互补问题的一个下降牛顿算法

构建了一个新的光滑价值函数来求解Po-函数非线性互补问题.区别于以往所构建的价值函数,构建的新的光滑价值函数不含任何光滑参数.对于Po-函数,可以得到,此价值函数的任一稳定点都是非线性互补问题的解.基于这个简单的光滑价值函数,提出了求解Po-函数非线性互补问题的一个下降牛顿算法.在适当的条件下,该算法的全局收敛性及局部超线性(二次收敛性)也得到了证明.     

基于Gabor滤波器组和特征分组神经网络目标识别

就模式识别中特征提取和分类决策两个阶段进行了研究．在特征提取方面，提供了一种用于提取图像不同中心频率和方位特征的Gabor滤波器组的设计方法；在分类决策算法方面，提出了一种基于图像的Gabor滤波特征的特征分组神经网络分类算法，该算法将一个复杂的模式识别问题分解为几个简单问题来处理，降低了问题的复杂度，同时还取得了一定的抗有限带宽噪声的效果．     

非线性优化问题的光滑化序列二次规划方法

为了获得序列二次规划方法的全局收敛性,通常需要借助一个罚函数,但常用的罚函数由于具有不可微性从而给计算带来一定的困难,拉格朗日函数虽然可以克服此困难,但其形式较为复杂,为解决该问题,给出了一类光滑化罚函数.基于一类双曲余弦型光滑化罚函数,提出了等式约束优化问题的一个光滑化序列二次规划方法.该光滑化函数具有良好的连续、可微性和凸性质,在适当条件下,获得了算法的全局收敛性,并给出数值测试说明了算法的有效性.     

求解P0-函数非线性互补问题的一个下降牛顿算法

构建了一个新的光滑价值函数来求解P0-函数非线性互补问题.区别于以往所构建的价值函数,构建的新的光滑价值函数不含任何光滑参数.对于P0-函数,可以得到,此价值函数的任一稳定点都是非线性互补问题的解.基于这个简单的光滑价值函数,提出了求解P0-函数非线性互补问题的一个下降牛顿算法.在适当的条件下,该算法的全局收敛性及局部超线性(二次收敛性)也得到了证明.     

非线性方程组的一个不使用罚函数和filter的算法

给出了求解非线性方程组的一个新算法,首先将非线性方程组转化为一个非线性规划,再使用一个不使用罚函数和filter的算法求解这个非线性规划,在Jacobi矩阵一致列满秩的条件下证明由算法产生序列的极限点是非线性方程组的解.通过在算法中引进二阶校正技术来克服可能的Maratos效应,可以证明这个方法是局部超线性收敛的.     

基于Weierstrass函数的随机数发生器

研究了Weierstrass函数∑∞n=0ancos(bnπx)中a,b,x的取值对序列{xn}的随机性的影响;证明了b>1时能够产生具有不可预测性的优良随机序列{xn}.在此基础上设计了一个用于数据加密的随机数发生器.和其他的随机数发生器相比,在保持优良的随机性的前提下,该随机数发生器具有序列不可预测、较大的密钥空间、占用较小的存储空间、算法简单、实现方便等优点.在一定程度上加强了随机数发生器的安全性,符合一个较好的随机数发生器的要求.     

基于尺度特征的手机拍摄打印数字序列分割

针对手机拍摄图像中普遍存在几何失真、光照不均和噪声等现象,提出了一种基于数字尺度特征的数字序列分割算法NSFS.该方法首先对数字序列图像进行预处理,消除噪声和残留表格线;然后,提取包含数字序列的最小矩形,利用数字尺度特征,对包含数字序列最小矩形的每个连通分量进行数字分割.此算法实现简单,适用于不同数据表格、不同字体和格式的数字序列.目前业界仍没有合适的图像库,为验证算法的性能,搭建了一个基于不同品牌手机拍摄的不同表格的图像库.基于此数据库的实验表明,基于数字尺度特征的数字序列分割算法达到了96％以上的正确分割率.     

基于内容的医学图像分类研究

基于内容的医学图像分类是一个复杂的非线性问题,分类器的性能主要取决于提取的特征和模式识别算法。讨论了医学图像基本特征提取方法和多特征融合技术的发展,以及常用的模式分类算法。最后指出了支持向量机在医学图像分类中应用时需要解决的问题。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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