海南岛西部近岸海域碎屑锆石U-Pb同位素年代学物源示踪及其地质意义

海南岛西部近岸海域海砂资源丰富、经济价值巨大,对其物质来源却缺乏系统研究。为解决这一科学问题,对海南岛西部近岸海域和昌化江入海口1 471粒碎屑锆石开展了U-Pb同位素年代学和微区元素地球化学研究。海南岛西部近岸海域年龄范围在3.45 Ga~82 Ma,具有99 Ma、241 Ma和252 Ma三个主要年龄峰值,以及113 Ma、155 Ma、325 Ma和357 Ma四个次要年龄峰值;昌化江入海口具有2.3 Ga~96 Ma的年龄范围,存在101 Ma、244 Ma和254 Ma三个主要年龄峰值,以及122 Ma、266 Ma、281 Ma、307 Ma和342 Ma四个次要年龄峰值。研究表明:①海南岛西部近岸海域沉积物以具有~99 Ma的显著年龄峰,并缺乏晋宁期、加里东期和喜山期年龄峰为识别标志,海南岛应是其主要物源区;②海南岛西部近岸海域与昌化江沉积物年龄峰值的差异,指示了海南岛西部近岸海域沉积物并非单纯来源于昌化江输入,也接受了琼西南部河流的物源贡献;③本次新识别出的380~310 Ma年龄群,可作为昌化江流域物源识别标志;④本次碎屑锆石年龄频谱特征与海南岛经历的多次重要地质事件相吻合,有助于了解海南岛复杂的地质演化历史。     

藏南叶巴组玄武岩锆石捕掳晶的年代学和微量元素特征及其对拉萨地块构造演化的启示

拉萨地块作为青藏高原的重要组成部分,其起源具有很大争议,原因在于对拉萨地块基底特征的认识不足,限制了对拉萨地块演化和成矿潜力的评价。本研究对拉萨地块南部叶巴组玄武岩中的锆石捕掳晶开展了锆石U-Pb年代学和微量元素特征研究。微量元素特征表明,捕获锆石绝大多数具有S型花岗岩结晶锆石的特征,或代表了拉萨地块南部存在变质沉积岩基底。锆石年龄呈现210、552和1 043 Ma三个峰值,分别对应三叠纪拉萨地块南缘的弧岩浆事件、埃迪卡拉纪末期冈瓦纳大陆北缘原特提斯洋俯冲事件以及拉萨地块在中元古代时期与非洲大陆的亲缘性。该成果为拉萨地块的基底特征以及构造演化研究提供了新的约束。     

东秦岭沙河湾岩体成因——来自锆石U-Pb定年及其Hf同位素的证据

目的 确定东秦岭沙河湾花岗岩体形成时代、源区性质及其成因.方法 在锆石内部结构的CL图像研究基础上,用LA-ICFMS和MC-ICPMS测定锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素组成,探讨寄主花岗岩、暗色闪长质包体及及围岩中闪长质脉体锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素组成特征.结果 寄主花岗岩、暗色包体及其围岩中闪长质脉体分别存在210 Ma和197 Ma,197 Ma和188 Ma以及230M a和210 Ma两组年龄的锆石;对应的εHf(t)值在一个略微偏正或负的范围内变化,指示该岩体非单一源区岩浆物质所能形成,至少是两个源区岩浆混合作用的结果.结论 该岩体是以新元古带古老地壳物质熔融为主体的壳源岩浆与源自略富集地幔的幔源岩浆高度混合的产物.这一壳、幔岩浆混合作用首先以230Ma的幔源岩浆活动为标志,并可能在210 Ma前就由于幔源岩浆活动热源的持续积累而诱发了该区地壳物质的部分熔融,形成以壳源岩浆为主的岩浆房.此后.约在200 Ma深部幔源基性岩浆进入壳源酸性岩浆房发生岩浆混合,并一直持续到185 Ma左右,证明了秦岭中生代壳、幔岩浆混合作用持续了大约60 Ma.     

南秦岭新元古代基性侵入岩的岩石成因及其构造背景:锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf-O同位素地球化学制约

秦岭造山带是一条由多期次不同构造运动叠加改造形成的复合造山带,其中,南秦岭是其重要的组成部分。文中冷水沟辉长岩及碾盘沟辉长闪长岩具有一致的U-Pb谐和年龄(~621 Ma),该年龄代表岩浆冷却结晶年龄。冷水沟辉长岩具有亏损地幔模式年龄(1.1~1.35 Ga),表明其原岩形成于中元古代。其较为亏损的Hf-O同位素特征(ε_(Hf)(t)=-3.3~+5.3;δ~(18)Ο=3.48~5.09),表明其来源于亏损地幔的部分熔融。碾盘沟辉长闪长岩具有更为亏损的Hf-O同位素特征(ε_(Hf)(t)=5.8~11.1;δ~(18)Ο=-3.72~-2.58),其负的δ~(18)Ο值是岩浆与低δ~(18)Ο流体发生高温水岩作用的结果。研究结果表明这些基性岩石形成于弧后伸展环境。对比新元古代早期(>735 Ma)南秦岭及扬子北缘广泛发育的岛弧岩浆作用,南秦岭与扬子北缘在新元古代晚期发生了由岛弧环境向弧后伸展环境的转变。其中本文辉长质岩石为南秦岭新元古代最晚一期岩浆活动的产物,代表了南秦岭与扬子北缘新元古代俯冲-碰撞作用的结束,标志着南秦岭基底的最终形成。     

华北燕辽裂谷盆地中元古代构造古地理演化——来自蓟县地区下马岭组碎屑锆石年代学的证据

燕辽裂谷盆地位于华北克拉通北部,记录了华北克拉通古元古代碰撞拼合之后的陆内伸展、中元古代Nuna超大陆裂解和全球大气海洋增氧等重大地质事件,但燕辽裂谷盆地中元古代古地理与构造演化研究一直较为薄弱。对该盆地蓟县地区下马岭组标准剖面开展了沉积学与碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学研究,获取了下马岭组地层沉积特征与碎屑锆石的U-Pb年龄。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示下马岭组石英砂岩样品中的碎屑锆石²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb年龄范围为3 270～1 806 Ma,且展示2 530 Ma和1 880 Ma两个显著峰值,表明下马岭组碎屑岩地层主要由新太古代和古元古代晚期的碎屑物组成,而且这两个显著的年龄峰分别对应于华北克拉通新太古和古元古代两期重大地质事件。此外,另有少量～2 750 Ma和3 200 Ma的碎屑锆石,分别对应两期华北克拉通太古宙岩浆事件。碎屑锆石年龄分布特征显示下马岭组沉积于伸展背景。该文结合蓟县系和其下伏长城系沉积组合与盆地古地理分析,提出燕辽裂谷盆地的构造演化可大致分为4个阶段,分别是(1)碰撞后伸展转换阶段(1.85～1.60 Ga...     

Grenvillian orogeny in the Southern Cathaysia Block: Constraints from U-Pb ages and Lu-Hf isotopes in zircon from metamorphic basement

Metamorphic basement rocks in the Cathaysia Block are composed mainly of meta-sediments with different ages. New zircon U-Pb geochronological results from the meta-sedimentary rocks exposed in the Zengcheng and Hezi areas, southern Cathaysia Block, show that they consist dominantly of early Neoproterozoic （1.0-0.9 Ga） materials with minor Paleo- to Mesoproterozoic and late Neoproterozoic （0.8-0.6 Ga） components, suggesting that the detritus mostly come from a Grenvillian orogen. The youngest detrital zircon ages place a constraint on the deposition time of these sediments in Late Neoproterozoic. Zircon Hf isotopic compositions indicate that the Grenvillian zircons were derived from the reworking of Mesoproterozoic arc magmatic rocks and Paleoproterozoic continental crust, implying an arc-continent collisional setting. Single-peak age spectra and the presence of abundant euhedral Grenvillian zircons suggest that the sedimentary provenance is not far away from the sample location. Thus, the Grenvillian orogen probably preexisted along the southern margin of the Cathaysia Block, or very close to the south. Similarity in the ages of Grenvillian orogeny and the influence of the assembly of Gondwana in South China with India and East Antarctic are discussed, with suggestion that South China was more likely linked with the India-East Antarctica continents in Early Neoproterozoic rather than between western Laurentia and eastern Australia.     

Caledonian reworking of Paleoproterozoic basement in the Cathaysia Block: Constraints from zircon U-Pb dating,Hf isotopes and trace elements

A combined study of zircon U-Pb dating, Hf isotopes and trace elements has been carried out for granodioritic neosomes of migmatites from the Tianjingping area in northwestern Fujian Province. Zircons are characterized by zoning, higher Th/U ratios （mostly≥0.1）, HREE enrichment, and positive Ce and negative Eu anomalies, and show features similar to magmatic or anatectic zircons. Apparent ^206Pb/^238U ages for the zircons are 447±2 Ma （95 % conf., MSWD=0.88）, corresponding to a Caledonian event. εHf（t） values are -13.3 to -9.7, indicating a crustal source. Two-stage Hf model ages are 1.7 to 1.9 Ga, suggesting that protolith of the migmates was probably formed in the Paleoproterozoic. The granodioritic neosomes have the characteristics of peraluminous calc-alkaline granite, and their REE patterns and trace elements spidergrams show features of middle to upper crustal rocks. Together with previous studies, we conclude that the protolith of the Cathaysia basement in the Tianjingping area was likely formed in the middle-late Paleoproterozoic and experienced partial melting during the Caledonian period. The recognition of Caledonian reworking of the Paleoproterozoic basement in the Cathaysia Block provides a new insight into the tectonic evolution of the Cathaysia Block in the Caledonian period and the interaction between the Cathaysia Block and the Yangtze Block.     

Paleoproterozoic reworking of ancient crust in the Cathaysia Block, South China: Evidence from zircon trace elements, U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopes

A combined study of zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating, trace elements and Hf isotope was carried out for gneissic granite from the Sanzhishu area in Jingning, SW Zhejiang Province. Nearly all the zircons separated from the granite exhibited oscillatory zoning and high Th/U ratios (>0.1). The REE profile showed a pronounced positive Ce anomaly, negative Eu anomaly and an enrichment of HREE, which are typical characteristics of magmatic zircon. Thirteen concordant or nearly concordant analytical data yielded a weighted mean ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb age of 1860±13 Ma (MSWD=0.084), representing the formation age of the granite. The magmatic zircons had negative εHf(t) values of −15.6 to −10.0 and two-stage Hf model ages of 3.1 to 3.4 Ga, indicating that the granites were formed by reworking of ancient crust. The major- and trace-element data indicate that the gneissic granites are metaluminous high-K calc-alkaline rocks and exhibit the same geochemical characteristics as aluminous A-type granites, implying the emplacement of the granite in a post-orogenic extensional tectonic setting. We conclude that the Paleoproterozoic crustal reworking event in the Cathaysia Block of South China marked the transition from assembly to break-up of the Columbia supercontinent. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40873004), Special Funds for National Scientific Research of Commonweal Industries, the Ministry of Land and Resources of China (Grant No. 2008110015), Opening Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Northwest University (Grant No. 06LCD12) and the Project of Land and Resources Bureau of Zhejiang Province (Grant No. 2004005)     

Paleoproterozoic basement beneath the southern Jiangxi Province: Evidence from U-Pb ages and Lu-Hf isotopes in zircons from the Doushui lamprophyre

This paper presents geochemical analyses of a lamprophyre intruding the Caledonian Doushui granite body in Shangyou County, southern Jiangxi Province. U-Pb dating and Hf-isotope analyses are espe-cially carried out for zircons from it. Petrological and geochemical features show that the lamprophyre belongs to a high-K, weakly alkaline pyroxene-biotite lamprophyre. It is characterized by high Mg# (0.74), Ni (253 μg/g) and Cr (893 μg/g) contents, and also enriched in incompatible elements, such as REE, Rb, Sr...     

Formation history and protolith characteristics of granulite facies metamorphic rock in Central Cathaysia deduced from U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopic studies of single zircon grains

The petrochemical as well as zircon U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopic studies of granulite facies metamorphic rock from the Tao＇xi Group in eastern Nanling Range, Central Cathaysia indicate that its protolith is the sedimentary rock with low maturation index. The clastic materials are mostly from middle Neoproterozoic （-736 Ma） granitoid rocks with minor Neoarchaean and Paleoproterozoic rocks. The timing of this Neoproterozoic magmatism is in agreement with the second period of magmatism widespread surrounding the Yangtze Block. Hf isotopic data indicate that the Neoproterozoic granitoids resulted from the recycled Paleoproterozoic mantle-derived crustal materials. The sedimentary rock was deposited in Late Neoproterozoic Era, and carried into low crust in Early Paleozoic. The partial melting of the meta-sedimentary rock took place at about 480 Ma and subsequently granulite facies metamorphism occurred at ca. 443 Ma. The zircons forming during this time interval （Early Paleozoic） show large Hf isotope variations, and their ZHf（t） values increase from -13.2 to ＋2.36 with decreasing age, suggesting the injection of mantle-derived materials during partial melting and metamorphism processes in the Early Paleozoic. Calculation results show that this metamorphic rock, if evolved to Mesozoic, has similar isotopic composition to the nearby Mesozoic high Si peraluminous granites, implying that this kind of granulite facies metamorphic rock is probably the source material of some Mesozoic peraluminous granitoids in eastern Nanling Range.     

U-Pb ages and Hf isotopes for detrital zircons from quartzite in the Paleoproterozoic Songshan Group on the southwestern margin of the North China Craton

In situ U-Pb dating and Lu-Hf isotopic analysis were carried out for detrital zircons from quartzite in the Paleoproterozoic Songshan Group on the southern margin of the North China Craton （NCC）. The results provide further constraints on the crustal formation and evolution history of NCC. Four ^207Pb/^206Pb age populations were obtained from 99 analyses, with clusters at -3.40 Ga, 2.77-2.80 Ga, -2.50 Ga and 2.34 Ga, respectively. The 3.40 Ga old zircons have similar Hf isotopic compositions to those from Archean rocks in the Jidong and Anshan areas of NCC. However, crustal remnants older than 3.6 Ga have been identified in the southern margin of NCC, the South China Craton, the northwestern part of the Qinling Orogen and its adjacent area. Thus, it is not easy to trace the source rock from which the 3.40 Ge detrital zircons were derived. It can be inferred that the crustal remnants older than 3.40 Ga might have been widely distributed in the North China Craton. The 2.77-2.80 Ga zircons make up a relatively small proportion and have the highest εHf（t） values （up to 6.1±1.6）, consistent with the Hf isotopic composition of the depleted mantle at 2.83 Ga. Their single-stage Hf model age of 2.83 Ga is close to their crystallized age, suggesting that their source rocks were extracted from the contemporaneous depleted mantle. The -2.50 Ga zircon grains constitute about 85% of the total grain population and their Hf isotopic compositions indicate major growth of juvenile crust at -2.50 Ga but minor reworking of ancient crust. The youngest zircon dated in this study gave an U-Pb age of 2337±2.3 Ma, which can be considered the maximum depositional age of the formation of the Songshan Group.     

LA-(MC)-ICPMS U-Pb zircon geochronology and Lu-Hf isotope compositions of the Taihua complex on the southern margin of the North China Craton

Widely distributed on the southern margin of the North China Craton, the Taihua complex extends roughly in an east-west direction and the relatively complete successions are found in Lushan County, Henan Province. Like many other Archean terranes, the Taihua Complex can be divided into two major lithological units along the Dangze River, namely gneisses series and supracrustal rocks. The former is located on the north side of the river and chiefly composed of TTG gneisses and amphibolites; the latter on the south side of the river is mainly supracrustal rock. Coupled with the previous studies, the results obtained by this study show that the Taihua complex was formed in a large time span from Neoarchean to Palaeoproterozoic. The TTG gneisses and amphibolites are dated at Neoarchean (2794–2752 Ma). The 2.9 Ga and 3.1 Ga zircons in amphibolites could be xenocrysts. In the North China Craton, the 2.8–2.7 Ga old rocks crop out in several areas e.g. western Shandong Province, Jiaodong Peninsula and Lushan area of Henan Province. In addition, 2.8–2.7 Ga detrital zircons or xenocryst zircons have been recognized in Huai’an, Fuping, Wutai areas of North China Craton and also reported in the Early Paleozoic diamondiferous kimberlites in Mengyin and Fuxian. All these age results indicate that the 2.8–2.7 Ga rocks may have been developed much broader region than today’s outcrops. Zircon Hf and whole rock Nd isotopes show that the 2.8–2.7 Ga tectono-thermal event represents an important period of crustal growth with minor ancient crust reworked in the North China Craton. However the formation of supracrustal rocks is limited to 2.2–2.0 Ga in the Palaeoproterozoic time, not the Archaean, as previously believed. Combined with the chronological data of aluminium-rich metamorphic rocks (Khondalite series) on the southern margin of the North China Craton and adjacent areas, it is suggested that the above areas have widely developed Paleoproterozoic passive continental margin environment.     

赣江水体氮磷营养盐分布特征与污染来源

以2013年1月和6月实测数据为参考,分析赣江水体氨态氮（ NH4+-N）、硝态氮（ NO3--N）和总磷（ TP）分布特征和污染来源。结果表明:赣江水体枯水期的NH4+-N和NO3--N平均质量浓度高于丰水期,但不具有统计学意义;枯水期的TP平均质量浓度显著高于丰水期。 NH4+-N在赣州和南昌市区下游出现极大值;枯水期干流NO3--N质量浓度在赣州和南昌市区下游较高,丰水期干流浓度相差不大,支流中桃江和袁水NO3--N质量浓度明显偏高;枯水期赣江TP质量浓度在赣州市和南昌市下游出现高值区,丰水期只在赣州市下游出现高值区。通过赣江氮磷营养盐的时空分布特征以及与Cl-质量浓度的相关性得出,赣江NH4+-N污染主要来源于城市污水排放;NO3--N在枯水期主要来源于城市污水排放,丰水期则来自农业污水和城市污水的共同作用;TP主要来源于城市污水排放,其次为农业污水影响。     

Petrogenesis of the Neoproterozoic bimodal volcanic rocks along the western margin of the Yangtze Block： New constraints from Hf isotopes and Fe/Mn ratios

High-precision major element and Hf isotope data are reported for the Neoproterozoic Suxiong volcanic rocks along the western margin of the Yangtze Block. These volcanic rocks have variable εHf（T） values and Fe/Mn ratios. The relatively primitive basalts have high Fe/Mn ratios and high Hf-Nd isotopic compositions, indicating that they were generated by partial melting of garnet clinopyroxene in mantle plume at high pressure. Thus, the Suxiong basalts are genetically related to the proposed Neoproterozoic superplume. On the contrary, a few differentiated basalts have low Fe/Mn ratios and low Hf-Nd isotopic compositions. They are likely to experience assimilation-fractional crystallization process. The Suxiong rhyolites have consistent Hf and Nd model ages of 1.3-1.4 Ga. They are likely generated by shallow dehydration melting of pre-existing young arc igneous rocks associated with the basaltic underplating/intrusion in a continental rift.     

温度和降水对赣江流域土地利用方式与河流氮磷营养盐相关性的影响

针对赣江流域的10个子流域,研究温度和降水如何影响土地利用方式与河流氮磷营养盐浓度的相关性.土地利用类型划分为水田、旱地、林地、草地、水域和建设用地,氮磷指标为2014年每月对赣江7条支流测定的氨氮(NH⁺₄-N)、硝酸盐氮(NO^-₃-N)和总磷(TP)浓度,用相关分析得到土地利用方式与水体氮磷的相关性.结果表明:(i)不考虑温度和降水的影响,旱地与河流NH⁺₄-N具有显著相关性,建设用地与河流NO^-₃-N具有显著相关性;(ii)旱地、草地和林地在中温条件下与河流氮营养盐的相关性更高,在低温条件下与磷营养盐的相关性更高.水田和水域在高温条件下与河流氮营养盐的相关性更高,在中温条件下与磷营养盐的相关性更高;(iii)除林地外,其他土地利用方式在高降水量情况下与河流氮磷营养盐的相关性更高.