菲涅耳深区的散斑光强概率密度

利用基尔霍夫衍射理论分析了菲涅耳深区内的散斑场，得到了菲涅耳深区散斑光强的一般表达式．通过数值计算研究了菲涅耳深区的散斑光强分布，并由所得的光强数据统计计算了菲涅耳深区散斑光强概率密度，分析讨论了菲涅耳深区散斑光强概率密度随散射距离的演化规律．     

验证爱里斑光强比的实验设计

本利用夫琅和费圆孔衍射和光电效应现象设计了一套实验装置，用来测定夫琅和费圆孔衍射中爱里斑的光强占整个入射光束光强的比，以下简称爱里斑光强比，以此实验结果验证按波动理论计算的结果(I爱／I入=84％)。编写了具体的实验内容及步骤，该实验既体现了光的波动性(衍射)，又体现了光的粒子性(光电效应)。     

对夫琅禾费圆孔衍射场基本特征的讨论

在用远场条件下接收衍射场的装置进行夫琅禾费衍射实验。但实验结果会表现出对夫琅禾费衍射理论值的偏离，光强的极小值提高，极大值降低，振荡幅度减弱，艾里斑增大．根据菲涅耳-基尔霍夫衍射公式，利用贝塞尔函数的积分表达式得出夫琅禾费衍射场的光强级数解，进而讨论了衍射场的基本特征．     

夫琅和费圆缝衍射的研究

用贝赛尔函数积分得出圆缝衍射的光强分布公式可用两个贝赛尔函数之差表示 ,并用此公式讨论了三种情况下衍射斑的各级极值光强位置 ,进而着重研究爱里斑的收缩规律是和 ε值接近 1有关。     

验证爱里斑光强比的实验设计

本文利用夫琅和费圆孔衍射和光电效应现象设计了一套实验装置,用来测定夫琅和费圆孔衍射中爱里斑的光强占整个入射光束光强的比,以下简称爱里斑光强比,以此实验结果验证按波动理论计算的结果(I_爱/I_入=84％)。编写了具体的实验内容及步骤,该实验既体现了光的波动性(衍射),又体现了光的粒子性(光电效应)。     

光强均匀的高效分色聚焦衍射光学元件设计

基于模拟退火算法,通过改变算法过程中判断误差值的定义,包括光强差、光强平整值和线性相关系数,设计出一种输出光强分布均匀并且衍射聚焦效率高的光学元件,使其能够对多频率入射光同时实现分色和聚焦的功能.利用标量衍射理论,对所设计的衍射光学元件的分色聚焦性能进行定量表征,具体表征内容为聚焦效率以及光强均匀性.这种分色聚焦衍射光学元件为提高输出面光斑的衍射效率和光强均匀度提供了一种有效的方法,有利于高效太阳能电池系统的实际应用.     

记录激光散斑照相的三环孔径法

提出用三环孔径记录激光散斑照相．结果表明．此种方法与环形孔径及双环孔径法相比较．进一步提高了散斑图衍射晕边缘的光强．且腰部暗区消失，提高了测量的准确性．     

单丝衍射花样精细条纹现象的简化模型研究

激光束单丝衍射各级亮斑上出现精细条纹的现象在微小物体非接触测量、光栅刻写、保密通讯、雷达反隐形技术等领域具有潜在的应用价值.文章从光波动衍射理论出发,利用傅立叶分析法对氦氖激光束单丝衍射各级亮斑精细条纹进行了研究.建立了单丝衍射花样精细结构模型,给出了衍射光强分布表达式I(x,y)=(a/λz)2[δ2(x/λz2)-...     

基于电磁场积分方程数值求解法的光学近场散斑及其一阶统计特性

从简谐光波满足的Helmholtz方程出发, 将由Green定理得到的介质分界面上光场的积分方程转化为以表面上的光场及其导数为未知量的线性方程组, 并对其进行数值求解, 实现了介质分界面上光场的严格数值计算. 对光波经随机自仿射分形表面散射后在近场光学区域内产生的光强进行计算, 研究了近场散斑的传播特性以及对比度和光强概率密度函数的演化特性. 近场区域内的散斑与传统衍射区和成像系统中散斑场的特性具有很大的不同: 散斑光强分布中具有局域起伏, 并且这种起伏在经过一个波长的起伏后消失；对于较小的横向相关长度的表面, 散斑对比度在近场区域附近达到饱和值, 而散斑场也接近Gauss散斑. 当表面的横向相关长度较大时这种转化则比较缓慢.     

锯齿型闪耀光栅的衍射光强

运用波动光学原理导出了锯齿型闪耀光栅的衍射光强公式，并对结果进行了讨论，发现闪耀光栅的衍射规律与非闪耀光栅衍射规律显不同，衍射光只有一个主极大，闪耀角的变化可以改变衍射最大光强和最小光强的位置，这对于制作光栅阵列照明器件和光栅减透膜有一定的实际意义，对于普通物理的教学也具有指导意义。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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