大学英语“二年级现象”之探析

大学英语"二年级现象"是外语学习过程中的一种自然现象,表现为学习者在达到一定的语言运用能力后,无论怎样努力,学习处于停滞不前的状态。本文通过分析"二年级现象"的表现、形成、成因和教学启示,以帮助学习者顺利跨越这一阶段,实现学习的新飞跃。     

大学英语课堂中主动学习教学模式的构建

在教学活动中使学习者从被动的"倾听者"转变为主动的"参与者",有助于培养学习者的自主学习能力,提高其语言综合应用能力和跨文化交际能力。主动学习教学模式以建构主义学习理论和维果茨基"最近发展区"理论为支撑,以充分发挥学习者在学习过程中的主观能动性为宗旨,从教学目标、操作程序、实现条件和教学评价等方面为大学英语课堂的高效发展提供了新的方向。     

自主语言习得理论及其应用

自主语言学习是近二十年来语言学习领域频繁出现的术语。它以建构主义和人本主义心理学为理论依据,提倡发挥个人的主观能动性,体现了"以学习者为中心"的教学思想。自主学习的条件是学习者须具有一定的认知和元认知策略,对学习抱有积极的态度和动机,并有一定程度的自尊,同时也不能忽视教师的指导和推动作用。本文还提供了实现自主学习的几种方法。     

大学英语教学运用任务型教学法的实践研究——以《全新版大学英语》综合教程为例

任务型教学法体现了以学生为中心,把学习者的自主学习和合作学习有机结合的现代教学理念。教师根据特定的教学项目设计各项"任务",学生通过完成各种语言学习任务达到学习语言并提高灵活运用语言的能力。实践证明,该教学模式充分激发了学习者的学习兴趣,增强了学生的自主学习能力,培养了他们的协作和竞争意识。     

学习者语言距离的感知对外语学习焦虑的影响

外语学习焦虑是学习者在外语学习中产生的担心或恐惧情绪,在一定程度上会对外语学习产生负面影响;语言距离是影响学习者对目标语进行主观认知的重要因素,如果处理不当,可能会加重学习者的外语学习焦虑。以Tobias的外语学习焦虑模式为基础,结合中国外语学习者的实际情况,分析以汉语为母语的外语学习者主观感知的语言距离对外语学习焦虑的影响,有助于就外语教学过程中如何减轻外语学习焦虑提供新的思路。     

英汉跨语言学习中L1与L2双向性语言迁移模式研究

在跨语言学习与研究中,语言迁移现象时常发生,学习者在语言学习过程中常受到第一语言(L1)与第二语言(L2)之间的迁移影响,即L1→L2、L2→L1的语言正迁移与负迁移影响。以"概念整合理论"与"跨语言影响理论"为理论指导,对英汉跨语言学习中的L1与L2双向性语言迁移模式进行了深入研究。     

论外语学习中的回避现象及其对策

回避现象是学习者在第二语言学习过程中不可避免的一种语言现象,是学习者为了避免语言表达不理想而采取的一种消极语言策略。本文试图以中国学习者学习英语为例,对第二语言学习过程中回避现象的产生原因、表现方式以及其对于第二语言学习所造成的影响进行分析研究,从而对如何解决这一问题进行探索。     

从“语言公差”谈二语习得焦虑产生的原因

外语学习者个体差异通常包括三方面:学习者对语言学习的看法;学习者情感态度;学习者一般性因素。目前对情感态度的研究通常是从学习者一般性因素的角度入手,对于学习者对语言学习的看法却研究较少,然而,外语学习焦虑作为情感态度的一个组成部分,其产生的根本原因却正在于此。外语学习者中普遍存在的乌托邦式的学习目标与学他们实际能达到的水平之间的差异称为“语言公差“,它应是外语学习焦虑产生的根本原因。因此,建立客观的语言学习目标,辅之以相关学习策略才能根本解决外语学习焦虑的问题。     

中国日语学习者在超音段层次的习得问题

二语习得的过程里,母语影响目标语的现象相当常见.其中,最容易观察到的便是"语音"产生的迁移现象."语音"是学习语言的根基,特别是超音段层次的表现与"沟通"及"语言自然度"息息相关,其习得相当重要.本文以中国日语学习者为对象,从语音学的观点,比较学习者及母语者在节奏、词调、强调、语调等超音段层次上的表现差异.同时,分析学...     

英语口语交际中的语言焦虑及相关对策

语言焦虑是影响语言学习成效的重要因素之一。英语学习者初期在英语口语交际中普遍存在语言焦虑的现象,母语负迁移、学习者性格内向等是造成语言焦虑的原因。对此,应充分利用网络优势开展学习,扩大学习者的知识面,提高其英语使用能力,增加文化背景知识的输入。只有这样,才能有效减少学习者的语言焦虑,提高语言交际的成功率。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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