系统策划及其元方法论

本文提出用“系统策划”比“策划”为好。系统策划连同系统分析和系统实施构成系统工程的总体内容，可形成系统工程的一个施进式三角循环（俗称“金三角”）。文中提出方法论概念。即指能科学地产生方法论的方法论。在系统策划中，可以采用两种元方法论，即自组织系统方法论和旋进式系统方法论，借以科学地产生出新 方法论，从而提高系统策划的水平。     

一般系统方法论研究

在分析Ｃｈｅｃｋｌａｎｄ软系统方法论的局限性的基础上，本文提出了一般系统方法论（ＧＳＭ）．ＧＳＭ包括了软系统方法论与Ｈａｌｌ硬系统方法论的全部内容，井扩展到问题的发现与形成阶段，揭示出这三部分之间的逻辑联系，从而完善了系统问题从感知到解决的全部可能的逻辑思维过程．     

系统隐喻、系统方法论的系统体系及全面系统干预

本文分析了系统概念和系统工程方法论,并对系统概念及系统方法论的新进展系统隐喻、系统方法论的系统体系及全面系统干预方法论作了评介.     

系统方法论的发展及其内在动因分析

在分析“硬”、“软”两类系统方法论建立特点的基础上,探讨了多系统方法论兴起的背景以及整合类系统方法论对上述两类系统方法论提升。指出这种提升的内在动因有3个:复杂性认知动因、系统思想发展的认知动因和文化认知动因,从而为认识新系统方法论提供新的视角,并为理解目前系统方法论的快速发展原因提供了一种解释。     

对软系统方法论的一点思考

首先分析了切克兰德的系统思想及其在软系统方法论逻辑步骤中的体现以及软系统方法论建模的关键;然后在此基础上,提出了切氏软系统方法论主要是处理硬人类活动系统问题的方法论的观点;最后给出了处理软人类活动系统问题的利益协调软系统方法论的设想。     

计算机集成制造系统方法论

本文提出了一套完整的计算机集成制造系统方法论并对其四个组成部分，即ＣＩＭ思想、ＣＩＭ体系结构、ＣＩＭ建模方法以及ＣＩＭＳ开发和实施方法进行了讨论，总结了本文作者对计算机集成制造系统方法论研究和应用的基本思路和所做的主要工作．     

企业战略研究的系统方法论

首先通过分析系统的最重要但常常被忽视的特征来深入理解系统概念,给出在实践中把握系统概念的具有可操作性的途径; 通过知识论域体系、系统方法论的系统以及全面系统干预元方法论,进一步理解系统方法论的概念以及在实践中应用系统方法论的途径. 然后基于对系统和系统方法论概念的上述理解和企业战略研究的诸多学派,提出了一个企业战略研究的系统方法论,并详细介绍了 一个案例,在案例中还对定位学派的具体的研究方法论做了拓展.最后指出企业战略研究的系统方法论是选择众多企业战略研究方法 论的元方法论,可用于各种问题情境下的企业战略研究,而且其应用系统思考的途径还可以推广应用于企业管理的其它领域.     

解决不确定问题情境的系统方法论及其反思

解决由人参与的不确定问题情境是当代系统方法论应用研究的主要方向。硬系统方法论采用功能主义整体优化的分析手段来解决目标明确的复杂技术问题,忽视了关于人的价值观和世界观等因素。软系统方法论采用诠释主义的范式来探询和改善问题情境,在处理组织内部关于权力不对等和价值观对立的问题情境时遇到很大挑战。批判系统思想融合了哈贝马斯的三种理性,其中创造性整体论提出了根据不同问题情境采用相适应的系统方法论来解决问题的研究进路。     

管理信息大系统分析与设计的一个新方法

本文将ＣｈｅｃｋｌａｎｄＰ．Ｂ．的软系统方法论与ＨａｌＡ．Ｄ．的硬系统方法论有机结合起来，提出一种管理信息大系统的“软系统分析／硬系统设计”方法，同时通过一个地方政府宏观经济管理信息系统的实践说明方法的应用．     

企业战略研究方法论的综合集成与创新——概念框架与初步的理论假设

基于系统概念与系统方法论的新进展 :系统隐喻、系统方法论的系统体系及“全面系统干预”,提出了对企业战略各学派的研究方法论 (简称企业战略研究方法论 )综合集成与创新的总思路、概念框架及初步的理论假设 ,以克服企业战略研究方法论在实践中遇到的困难.     

软系统方法论与软科学哲学

软系统方法论是一个非常重要的学科,它与科学哲学相互影响、相互作用和相互促进。本文着重分析软系统方法论的哲学基础,以及从硬系统方法论到软系统方法论的哲学基础的变迁,认为硬 / 软系统方法论之间的关系及其在科学哲学中的表现是互斥互补的关系。软科学哲学一词是库恩在《结构后的路》(2000)一书中提出来的。在我国研究和发展软系统方法论和软科学哲学是十分必要的。     

信息系统集成的现状与未来

在分析系统集成现状的基础上 ,讨论了系统集成的定义、必要性、异构性对系统集成的影响以及系统集成方法论等问题 ,提出了系统集成的发展方向 ,并展望了信息系统集成的未来.     

An Holistic Approach to the Management of Information Systems Development—A View Using a Soft Systems Approach and Multiple Viewpoints

This paper argues that only a systems-based approach to information systems development is likely to cover all the recognized problem issues reported in the literature. It is then shown that software development can be characterized by the structure of the Soft Systems Methodology, so that this methodology acts as a metaphor for the process of information systems development. The structure of this methodology can be seen at lower levels of the development process, and so the model generated here is seen as recursive. Further, information systems development is seen as an unstructured business problem that can be characterized by the Multiple Viewpoint approach. The connections between this approach and the methodology are identified. Finally, the unifying link between these approaches and all forms of action research is identified.     

A Systems Study for a European Community Program on Inspection and Accreditation of Blood Collection Establishments

This paper reports on an action research study for the development of a common program on inspection and accreditation of blood collection establishments in the European Union member states. Using soft systems methodology to guide the study, we have developed the systems required and arrived at the actions that are necessary to realize and maintain them.     

The Use of Soft Systems Methodology to Enhance Group Creativity

Soft Systems Methodology is especially useful in diagnosing and addressing organizational problems and designing new systems in cultures that are characterised by pluralistic views and values. This paper demonstrates how SSM workshops in a large government agency resulted in a high level of creativity. SSM is then proposed as a methodology that could enhance group creativity in organizational design contexts.     

Total systems intervention: A practical face to critical systems thinking

This is the first exposition of a new methodology (or perhaps meta-methodology) for systems practice known as Total Systems Intervention (TSI). Designed to overcome the weaknesses of hard, cybernetic, and soft systems approaches and build on their strengths, TSI represents a practical face of critical systems thinking. It advocates combining three building blocks-systems metaphors, system of systems methodologies, and individual systems methodologies—in an interactive manner which is deemed to be particularly powerful and fruitful. In this paper the philosophy, principles, and phases of the TSI methodology are set out and two very different examples of its use are provided.     

论符合中国国情的工业工程方法论

本文首先从理论与实践的结合上分析谁了系统工程的思想与方法在工业工程中的方法论地位。在明确综合诊治这一工业工程现实功能的基础上，结合我国企业物流系统分析的实际，探讨了工业工程方法论的内容及其应用。最后，进一步明确了通过中外比较，建立具有中国特色的工业工程系统推进模式的任务。     

Qualifying Function in SSM Modeling—A Case Study

In a previous paper the author introduced a concept called qualifying function as a conceptual tool for modeling and design. The concept was incorporated into the modeling phase of soft systems methodology (SSM), with the purpose of addressing some of the criticism directed toward the methodology, such as its tendency to result in regulatory, rather than radical, agendas for change. It was argued that the concept had the potential to help people in a particular problem situation to view the situation from new and different perspectives and that it could enrich the conceptual models by giving the transformation process a direction. The aim of this paper is to apply the concept, embedded in SSM, to a case study involving two projects, focused on creating new work opportunities, to explore the practical applicability and usefulness of the concept, both in general and as a part of the modeling phase of SSM.     

System dynamics as a systems-based problem-solving methodology

Systems dynamics is concerned with using systems ideas to increase understanding of various types of phenomena and to aid in the decision-making which determines action upon the processes involved. Developments within system dynamics have occurred mainly independently of advances in the broader systems movement. In this paper an attempt is made to bring to bear on system dynamics some recent work which considers the character of systems-based problem-solving methodologies. System dynamics is placed within a framework which enables the relative strengths and weaknesses of different approaches to be identified. This leads to a deeper understanding of some of the critiques of system dynamics and enables some issues to be outlined which may help to strengthen the theoretical base of system dynamics methodology and hence improve its ability to tackle practical situations.