非磁性杂质对碳纳米管态密度的影响研究

针对非磁性杂质对碳纳米管的影响问题作了系统理论的分析,为设计和实现具有优良性能的基于碳纳米管的量子器件提供理论依据.应用格林函数方法计算态密度的结果表明,单个点缺陷在碳纳米管中引起准束缚态;给出准束缚态能级和峰宽的解析公式,分析它们与碳纳米管手型和直径之间的关系;逐点计算局域态密度发现,在实空间准束缚态是一个非常局域化的效应,离开缺陷即迅速衰减.同时,缺陷在碳纳米管中会引起Friedel振荡,其方向与碳纳米管手型有关.     

非磁性杂质对碳纳米管态密度的影响研究

针对非磁性杂质对碳纳米管的影响问题作了系统理论的分析,为设计和实现具有优良性能的基于碳纳米管的量子器件提供理论依据.应用格林函数方法计算态密度的结果表明,单个点缺陷在碳纳米管中引起准束缚态;给出准束缚态能级和峰宽的解析公式,分析它们与碳纳米管手型和直径之间的关系;逐点计算局域态密度发现,在实空间准束缚态是一个非常局域化...     

CsI高压超导电性的第一性原理

利用基于密度泛函理论的赝势平面波方法计算了高压下CsI的电子能带结构、 电子态密度、 声子谱、 声子态密度以及电子和声子的相互作用, 探讨了CsI在高压下产生超导电性的物理机制. 研究表明, CsI层内的光学振动模式与电子之间的强耦合作用是CsI产生超导电性的主要原因.     

Superconductivity in lithium below 0.4 millikelvin at ambient pressure

Elements in the alkali metal series are regarded as unlikely superconductors because of their monovalent character. A superconducting transition temperature as high as 20 K, recently found in compressed lithium (the lightest alkali element), probably arises from pressure-induced changes in the conduction-electron band structure. Superconductivity at ambient pressure in lithium has hitherto remained unresolved, both theoretically and experimentally. Here we demonstrate that lithium is a superconductor at ambient pressure with a transition temperature of 0.4 mK. As lithium has a particularly simple conduction electron system, it represents an important case for any attempts to classify superconductors and transition temperatures, especially to determine if any non-magnetic configuration can exclude superconductivity down to zero temperature. Furthermore, the combination of extremely weak superconductivity and relatively strong nuclear magnetism in lithium would clearly lead to mutual competition between these two ordering phenomena under suitably prepared conditions.     

负压状态下无衬砌土拱的稳定性分析

无衬砌土质输水通道或洞穴中常会出现负压力 ,它对周壁的土体将产生气蚀切割和反向渗透潜蚀破坏 ,从而导致拱顶土体的垮落 ,以达到新的平衡。随着负压力的增大 ,拱顶垮落高度也不断增大 ,但增长幅度却逐渐减小 ,直至趋于垮落极限值 1 333b1 /fk。这表明对有负压存在的土质通道或洞穴 ,其上覆土层的最小保护层厚度应大于该值 ,否则将会产生地面塌陷等灾害现象。     

不同对称性下超导电性的研究

对序参量用单个基函数展开时的超导电性作了系统的计算,结果表明,为了得到相同的T_c,不同对称性所需要的耦合强度是不一样的;各向异性序参量相应的2Δ(0)/k_BT_c和ΔC_es(T_c)/C_en(T_c)值与BCS理论值有很大的不同。要解释高温超导电性的实验结果,只考虑单波展开是不够的,应该进一步研究两个或多个波混合的情况。通过对实验结果的分析和对混合波情况的初步研究,我们认为d_x²-y²+s*混合波对称性能够与较多的实验结果相吻合。     

地球内核物态热效应研究

 在考虑Grüneisen系数、Debye温度随体积变化的基础上,详细讨论了各部分热压的贡献,并且结合K-primed冷压方程,得到了地球内核较为全面的物态方程,分析了内核p-V-T的关系,给出了地球内核的温度分布.其结果详实有据,为以后深入研究地球内核甚至液态外核的物态性质提供了坚实的基础.     

地核物质的状态方程和参数

 解释了3种地核物质状态方程的异同,验证了Vinet et al. EOS(equation of state)比Shanker et al.EOS更接近Stacy EOS的结论,后者与高压极限的热动力学一致、而且与来源于地震波的数据完全匹配;同时与地震波测量数据进行了对照;给出了内核边界压力下物质摩尔体积随温度的变化函数,预言了密度亏损的温度变化.这对于揭示地球深部物质特性、研究地核内的轻物质组分以及深部动力学原理具有重要意义.     

Superconductivity in single crystals of the fullerene C70.

The observation of superconductivity in doped C60 has attracted much attention, as these materials represent an entirely new class of superconductors. A maximum transition temperature (Tc) of 40 K has been reported for electron-doped C60 crystals, while a Tc of 52 K has been seen in hole-doped crystals; only the copper oxide superconductors have higher transition temperatures. The results for C60 raise the intriguing questions of whether conventional electron-phonon coupling alone can produce such high transition temperatures, and whether even higher transition temperatures might be observed in other fullerenes. There have, however, been no confirmed reports of superconductivity in other fullerenes, though it has recently been observed in carbon nanotubes. Here we report the observation of superconductivity in single crystals of electric-field-doped C70. The maximum transition temperature of about 7 K is achieved when the sample is doped to approximately four electrons per C70 molecule, which corresponds to a half-filled conduction band. We anticipate superconductivity in smaller fullerenes at temperatures even higher than in C60 if the right charge density can be induced.     

超高压力下通电烧结制备钨铁功能梯度材料

采用超高压力下通电烧结技术制备了钨体积分数为0%、25%、50%、75%和100%的钨铁功能梯度材料.研究了材料组分和工艺参数对W/Fe功能梯度材料的显微形貌及力学性能的影响.结果表明:当施加压力为9 GPa,通电功率为11 kW,通电时间60 s时可以获得相对密度大于98%的钨铁功能梯度材料,其组分分布与设计成分保持一致.     

采动区墙体转动模式下非极限被动土压力试验研究

为了揭示采动区下沉盆地压缩区刚性墙体非极限被动土压力的分布规律,根据采动区下沉盆地压缩区挡墙主要发生挡墙绕墙底转动变位模式(RB模式)的特点,进行了挡墙绕墙底转动变位模式下,填土为松砂和密砂时非极限被动土压力试验,同时对比了填土为松砂和密砂挡墙平移模式时非极限被动土压力试验。研究结果表明:(1)采动区下沉盆地压缩区挡墙绕墙底转动压缩土体,侧土压力和墙体深度和位移都有关系,侧土压力、深度和位移三维曲面波动较大;(2)侧土压力随深度呈非线性分布,墙体中上部土压力较大;(3)侧土压力随挡墙位移也呈非线性分布,随着位移的增大,非极限侧土压力合力随之增大。     

Tuning the magnetic anisotropy in LSMO manganite films through non-magnetic nanoparticles

We report the observation of anomalous magnetic anisotropy driven by nonmagnetic ZrO2 nanoparticles in epitaxial La2/3Sr1/3MnO (LSMO) films grown on LaAlO3 (LAO) substrates. The compressive epitaxial strain imposed by the lattice mismatch of substrate and film is tuned by the density of ZrO2 nanoparticles embedded in the film matrix and affects the magnetic anisotropy as well as the magnetotransport properties. Epitaxial 54 nm thick LSMO thin films with different concentrations of ZrO2 nanoparticles demonstrate anisotropic hysteresis loops concomitant with anisotropic magnetotresistance behavior. The biaxial epitaxial strain, induced by the substrate/film lattice parameter mismatch is partially relaxed by increasing the density of precipitates and they serve as a tuning parameter for the strain state. We interpret our results by a strain-induced interplay of impurity scattering, weak localization and magnetic domain structure.     

基于IP欺骗攻击的状态分析法研究

提出了一种能够在网络中检测并防范IP欺骗攻击的方法．通过获取网络结点的工作状态，分析网络中出现的异常活动，给出了因攻击而引起的网络状态的迁移过程．通过预测分析，及时检测出已经存在的IP欺骗攻击；通过回溯分析，试图找到发起攻击的攻击者．将状态分析法运用于入侵检测，可增强网络抵御IP欺骗攻击的能力．     

超导电流的动量守恒与超导电子对隧道效应

讨论了稳恒电流的动量守恒现象,由此分析了直流约瑟夫森隧道效应。指出,描述约瑟夫森隧道效应的2个基本方程遵循稳恒电流动量守恒定律;约瑟夫森隧道结上的超导电子对质心定向运动速度比隧道结2侧超导体内的超导电子对质心定向运动速度大3个数量级：vS2～1 03 vS1;约瑟夫森隧道结上超导电子对的质心定向运动速度和动量很大的原因在于其运动遵循稳恒电流动量守恒定律;约瑟夫森隧道结上超导电子对质心定向运动速度可以达到费米速度的数量级、其定向运动动能可以达到费米能的数量级,从而使隧道结由超导态转变成正常态。