高海拔寒区隧道保温防冻系统设计要点分析

在对隧道保温防冻层作用、隧道冻害的主要特点以及隧道保温防冻设计中存在的主要问题进行论述的基础上,分析了防排水与保温防冻系统作用之间的关系,提出了防排水与防冻保温系统设计原则.从隧道保温防冻系统设计要素、保温防冻系统类型、保温防冻材料选用以及洞体保温防冻系统设计、排水管出水口保温设计等方面对高海拔寒区隧道保温防冻系统设计要点进行了系统性分析,并提出隧道保温防冻系统设计改进措施.     

硬质聚氨酯在寒冷地区隧道冻害防治中的应用

为了防治隧道的冻害,研究了硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料的性能、加工工艺及施工安装方法,发现在施工现场修建临时生产厂房,采用手工注入成型工艺,适合现场工作条件,生产成本低,可大大节省工程造价。另外,选用966氯丁防冻胶作为粘结剂,将加工成1 000 mm×460 mm×40 mm的硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料板材粘结在防水层上是切实可行的施工安装方法。同时,对现场加工的硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料板材的技术指标进行了检测和验算。结果表明:其密度、压缩性能、吸水率和导热系数均符合标准要求,梯子岭隧道的最大围岩压力为71.1 kPa,远小于硬质聚氨酯板材压缩应力(202kPa),而且防冻隔温层是铺设在原衬砌表面,在原衬砌的作用下,隧道结构体系已稳定,故硬质聚氨酯的强度完全满足要求。     

浅析塔里木垦区衬砌渠道冻害原因及其防治措施

通过分析研究，塔里木垦区衬砌渠道冻害主要有冻胀破坏和冰冻破坏。冻胀破坏是由士壤中的水、土体颗粒物理性质和负温所致，大多发生在渠道的中下部。冰冻破坏是由于渠道结冰后渠道衬砌材料受冰压力使渠道受到破坏变形。渠道防冻害处理可通过设计选线、改变渠道结构形式、改变渠基土体的基本结构、使用新型建筑材料及运行管理等方法来实现。对渠道防冻害处理方式的选择，关系到渠道的造价和施工的难易，在今后的渠道设计与运行管理中不断地总结经验，进一步完善衬砌渠道防冻理论和实际运用研究，总结衬砌渠道防冻害的有效措施，加以推广应用。     

寒区隧道中玻化微珠保温砂浆隔热结构体系研究

如何在隧道中采取行之有效的冻害防治措施,保证安全运营,是当前隧道工程界迫切需要解决的问题。笔者针对寒区隧道的冻害防治技术之一——保温隔热材料防冻措施,提出玻化微珠保温砂浆隔热结构体系,用玻化微珠保温砂浆隔热层代替原来的有机保温材料隔热层,通过保温砂浆试验研究与隔热层结构设计计算,进一步达到隧道保温防冻技术的要求。     

寒区隧道温度场计算模型与保温层设防数值分析研究

我国大量寒区隧道冻害问题严重,对隧道结构稳定性和行车安全性造成极大威胁.对严寒地区哈尔滨天恒山隧道保温层施工前后进行温度监测,建立了考虑相变的平面瞬态温度场计算模型,并利用ANSYS有限元进行数值分析研究.计算了保温材料在三种不同工况下的设置方式,完成了热-应力耦合作用下的隧道结构变形分析.结果表明,利用瞬态温度场原理建立的ANSYS模型具有较高的精度和可靠性;在防冻措施上采取分层设置保温层的做法效果明显;隧道结构应力受到温度变化影响较大,设置10 cm厚PU聚氨酯保温层后,能够避免混凝土衬砌层开裂,有效减少冻害现象的发生.     

基于事件树理论的既有隧道冻害等级划分体系

为了便于制定隧道冻害整治措施,采用事件树理论,以隧道冻害发生为初始故障事件,以隧道冻害发展、衬砌剥落掉块、路面溢水结冰、衬砌漏水结冰为后续事件,分析每个安全隐患的内在联系,估算每个安全隐患的整改费用和损失;将既有公路隧道冻害程度划分为5级,对寒区公路隧道冻害扩展演变设计了一个通用表格,建立了公路隧道冻害等级体系,并以某公路隧道为例对该体系进行了验证。结果表明:建立的公路隧道冻害等级体系能有效指导该隧道的冻害整治工作,避免了以往依靠经验判别冻害程度的随意性,提高了冻害整治措施制定的科学性和有效性。     

江西省1991—1992年枇杷冻害调查及防御技术探讨

对江西省１９９１年冬枇杷冻害的分布，冻害程度以及冻害对产量的影响进行了调查分析，提出了枇杷防冻，避冻的栽培措施。     

江西省1991─1992年枇杷冻害调查及防御技术探讨

对江西省１９９１年冬枇杷冻害的分布、冻害程度以及冻害对产量的影响进行了调查分析，提出了枇杷防冻、避冻的栽培措施。     

地质雷达在隧道健康诊断中的应用

为了诊断运营隧道病害的程度，评价隧道的安全状况，分析了造成隧道衬砌背部存在缺陷的原因。阐述了采用地质雷达对隧道衬砌质量进行无损检测的原理及方法，井对某公路隧道进行了健康诊断。地质雷达探测结果表明：隧道衬砌背后出现的空洞都是孤立的，拱顶和拱腰的空洞总长占隧道总长的9％，隧道除拱顶衬砌厚度有4％小于设计值外，其余各部位衬砌厚度均大于设计值。对地质雷达探测结果采用钻孔法进行验证，其结果相吻合。利用检测结果评价该隧道衬砌结构安全等级，结果为B级。     

杨村煤矿副井井架基础防冻、隔温设计优化

国投新集能源股份有限公司杨村煤矿副井井筒净直径7.5m,冻结深度725m。由于冻结深度深、冻结时间长,设计冻结布孔圈径大,使得副井井架基础与冻结孔之间距离较小,井架基础施工与冻结期间两者相互影响。为确保副井井架基础不受冻土影响变形,防止井架基础隆起或下沉及井架安装后因不均匀位移产生破坏性内应力,对副井井架基础进行了防冻、隔温设计优化。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with