Hepatic acid hydrolases of albino rats,Mastomys natalensis and albino mice duringPlasmodium berghei infection

Summary Changes in liver acid hydrolase activities during the infection of albino rats,Mastomys or mice withPlasmodium berghei are described. B-Glucosidase, B-galactosidase and N-acetyl-B-D-glucosaminidase exhibited widely different responses with acid phosphatase and cathepsin-B the least responsive and are likely to be causally related to immunity of animals.     

Cholesterol esterification activities in the intestines and pancreas of the albino rat

Summary Cholesterol esterification activities in intestines and pancreas are much greater with unsaturated fatty acids than with the saturated ones; the maximum activity is with arachidonic acid in intestines and with oleic acid in pancreas. The pancreatic cholesterol esterification activity is higher than the intestinal one.     

Antifertility effect of aristolic acid fromAristolochia indica (Linn) in female albino rabbits

Summary Aristolic acid experted significant antifertility effects in mature female rabbits without hampering the clinical chemical values in blood.Acknowledgments. We wish to thank Dr S. C. Pakrashi and his associate Mr P.P. Ghosh Dastidar for the plant extracts. Thanks are also due to the D.G. of ICMR for granting fellowship to B. Chakrabarty.     

Sul comportamento della sostanza fondamentale in membrane connettivali di ratto albino durante il passaggio di una soluzione salina

Summary The author has studied some details of the passage of saline through connective membranes of normal albino young rats. A mucopolysaccharide is present in such membranes which can be removed soon after addition of hyaluronidase and, at a much slower rate, by the mere passage of fluids through the tissue. Such mucopolysaccharide, most likely hyaluronic acid, seems to be present in quantities not too different from one membrane to another and it appears to be bound to some other tissue microstructure by means of rather loose chemical bonds. Once the mucopolysaccharide removed, the hydration of some other substrate probably takes place, thus causing the free interstices to get narrower with consequent decrease in the flowing velocity of the saline.     

Growth metabolism of diaphragm in Swiss albino mice

Summary During the postnatal growth of diaphragm in swiss albino mice, a continuous decline in glycogen content reciprocates with the increasing SDH-activity and protein accumulation. An inverse relationship between DNA-contents and the basic protein levels points towards the regulatory behaviour of the latter during protein synthesis. While the variations in the contents of DNA and RNA speak of a feedback mechanism operative between the 2 nucleic acids during the postnatal growth, the fluctuations in RNA appear to be significant in determining the amount of acidic proteins, in this muscle.     

Atrofia del testicolo prodotta dal monofluoroacetato sodico nel ratto albino

Summary The lesions caused by sodium monofluoroacetate on the testis of the albino rat are described. They consist of regressive modifications of the seminiferous tubules which initially cause damage to the intermediate stages and only later to the spermatogonia. The action of sodium monofluoroacetate is similar to that of fluoroacetamide.     

Growth metabolism of diaphragm in Swiss albino mice

During the postnatal growth of diaphragm in swiss albino mice, a continuous decline in glycogen content reciprocates with the increasing SDH-activity and protein accumulation. An inverse relationship between DNA-contents and the basic protein levels points towards the regulatory behaviour of the latter during protein synthesis. While the variations in the contents of DNA and RNA speak of a feedback mechanism operative between the 2 nucleic acids during the postnatal growth, the fluctuations in RNA appear to be significant in determining the amount of acidic proteins, in this muscle.     

Orange II induced cytogenetical changes in albino mice

Summary Daily feeding of the common food color Orange II to mice in doses of up to 3.0 g/kg b.wt for 180 days had deleterious effects on somatic and spermatogonial chromosomes. The chromosomal abnormalities induced were breaks, gaps, constrictions, centric fusion, fragments of unknown origin, translocation, deletion, stickiness, ring chromosomes, pyknosis and other bizarre configurations.Grateful acknowledgment is made to Prof. U.S. Srivastava, Zoology Department for providing necessary laboratory facilities.     

Pigment granules in choroidal melanophores of the albino goldfish

Summary Pigment granules in choroidal melanophores of the albino goldfish contained fine particulate materials which were in various degrees aggregated in clumps. Tyrosinase was considered to be present in an inhibited state in these pigment granules.Supported by the Ministry of Education of Japan Research grant No. 234046.     

Heat production of the albino mouse during growth

Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe eines Gradientenkalorimeters wurde die Wärmeproduktion der weissen Laboratoriumsmaus während des Wachstums verfolgt und 3 Stadien unterschieden: 1. anfänglich niedrige Wärmeproduktion, 2. nach 5 Tagen starker Anstieg, 3. bei Sexualreife Absinken auf ein Plateau. Wärmeabgabe durch Strahlung, Verdunsten, Leitung und Konvektion wurde separat registriert.     

Electroretinogram — Flicker fusion frequency in albino trout

Résumé Les Fréquences de Fusion de l'Electrorétinogramme (FFF) ont été enregistrées chez les truites mouchetées (Salvelinus fontinalis) normales et albinos. Chez les poissons adaptés à la lumière ainsi qu'à l'obscurité les valeurs sont plus élevées chez les albinos que chez les animaux normaux. Les valeurs maximum de FFF sont aussi atteintes à des intensités moins élevées chez les albinos. Ces différences sont attribuables à l'entrée d'une plus grande quantité de lumière ainsi qu'à sa réflection par la sclérotique, ce qui est due au manque de pigment épithelial rétinien.     

Effect of stimulation of vagus nerves on gastric tissue histamine concentration in albino rats

Summary 2 different time schedules were applied in order to stimulate vagus nerves around the oesophagus at the region of the cardio-oesophageal junction. The result shows a significant reduction in gastric tissue histamine concentration following vagal stimulation, the reduction being more when the duration of stimulation was longer.The authors are grateful to Dr V. Srinivasan, Director, Sarabhai Research Centre, Baroda, India, for donating the animals required for carrying out this work.     

Effect of subdiaphragmatic vagotomy on production of gastric ulcers in pylorus-ligated albino rats

Summary A reduction in volume and free and total acidity of gastric content was noted along with reduction in ulcer index, with a shift of the site of ulceration from fundus to the glandular part of stomach, following vagotomy in pylorus-ligated rats. Low volume and acidity explains the absence of ulcers in the fundus, but the increased involvement of glandular part in ulceration is possibly due to weakening of the mucosal barrier following vagotomy.     

Pigment granules in choroidal melanophores of the albino goldfish.

Pigment granules in choroidal melanophores of the albino goldfish contained fine particulate materials which were in various degrees aggregated in clumps. Tyrosinase was considered to be present in an inhibited state in these pigment granules.     

Effect of lindane on the skin of albino rats

Zusammenfassung Langfristig wiederholte Lindan-Applikation ruft bei der Abinoratte histopathologische hautveränderungen hervor: Hyperkeratinisation, intraepidermale und dermale Abszesse, Infiltration polymorphkerniger Zellen sowie Vakuolisation und Vielkernigkeit in der Malpighi-Schicht.

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Pury -isomer of 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane.     

Effect of subdiaphragmatic vagotomy on production of gastric ulcers in pylorus-ligated albino rats.

A reduction in volume and free and total acidity of gastric content was noted along with reduction in ulcer index, with a shift of the site of ulceration from fundus to the glandular part of the stomach, following vagotomy in pylorus-ligated rats. Low volume and acidity explains the absence of ulcers in the fundus, but the increased involvement of glandular part in ulceration is possibly due to weakening of the mucosal barrier following vagotomy.     

Effect of bilateral adrenalectomy and parenteral betamethasone on gastric mucosal mast cell population in albino rats

Summary The histamine-laden mast cells gastric mucosa in albino rats are shown to degranulate on administration of Betamethasone, but they increase in number in adrenalectomized rats. It is concluded that Betamethasone, and also adrenal glucocorticoids incrase gastric secretion by liberating histamine from mast cells and histamine in turn acts on the gastric glands.     

High-fat diet and the development of obesity in albino rats

Zusammenfassung Männliche, geschlechtsreife Wistar-Ratten wurden 44 Wochen lang mit isokalorischen Diäten gefüttert, die entweder einen erhöhten Fett- oder Kohlehydrat- bzw. Eiweissanteil enthielten. Zwischen den eine fettreiche und eine kohlehydratreiche Diät erhaltenden Tieren zeigten sich keine statistisch bedeutsamen Unterschiede in bezug auf ihre Gewichtszunahme und den Gesamtanteil des Körperfettes. Diejenigen Tiere, die eine Diät mit erhöhtem Kaseingehalt erhielten, nahmen in Übereinstimmung mit den Literaturangaben weniger an Gewicht zu und lagerten auch weniger Körperfett ab. Wie aus unseren Ergebnissen hervorgeht, muss ein hoher Fettanteil in der Diät von sich aus noch nicht zur Fettsucht bei Ratten führen.     

Effect of bilateral adrenalectomy and parenteral betamethasone on gastric mucosal mast cell population in albino rats.

The histamine-laden mast cells of gastric mucosa in albino rats are shown to degranulate on administration of Betamethasone, but they increase in number in adrenalectomized rats. It is concluded that Betamethasone, and also adrenal glucocorticoids increase gastric secretion by liberating histamine from mast cells and histamine in turn acts on the gastric glands.     

The control of melanoblast differentiation in the periodic albino mutant ofXenopus

Summary Studies on the incidence of melanophores in older ventral trunk tissues and in isolated regions of periodic albino embryos ofXenopus suggest that melanin granule formation in mutant melanoblasts depends on an environmental contribution which arises at stage 43 in the endodermal tissues.