适于cDNA-AFLP的黑木相思组培苗总RNA快速提取方法的建立

针对黑木相思富含多酚、多糖等次生代谢物质的特点,以其组培苗为试材,采用改良CTAB裂解法、硼砂-SDS裂解法、改良异硫氰酸胍裂解法、CTAB-异硫氰酸胍裂解法、改良CTAB-异硫氰酸胍裂解法等5种不同的提取方法提取其总RNA.结果发现:改良CTAB-异硫氰酸胍裂解法能有效地控制多酚、多糖、蛋白质以及DNA等对所提取总RNA的污染,所得总RNA质量高、完整性好.紫外分光光度检测,A260/A280比值为1.96～2.00,A260/A230比值1.98～2.20,总RNA得率为118.4～213.6μg.g-1,电泳检测,28SrRNA亮度约为18SrRNA的2倍,所提RNA质量可以满足dscDNA合成和cDNA-AFLP等后续分子操作要求.     

蓝莓组织RNA提取方法的研究

为建立蓝莓组织RNA提取方法,以蓝莓幼果为材料,比较了5种RNA提取方法,建立了改良的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵-乙酸钾(CTAB-KAc)提取方法,并比较了CTAB-KAc法对蓝莓根、成熟叶、幼茎、花、幼果和成熟果实组织RNA的提取效果.结果表明:CTAB-KAc法提取RNA的过程只需3 h,蓝莓幼果RNA的A260/A280和A260/A230值分别达到2.02和2.46,且无基因组DNA污染,RNA产量达到143.37μg·g-1;用CTAB-KAc法成功提取了蓝莓成熟叶、幼茎、花、幼果和成熟果实组织的RNA,但是根的RNA提取方法还需优化.把上述RNA反转录成c DNA后进行PCR,扩增出预期大小的目的片段,可满足后续分子生物学实验的要求.     

荷花花瓣总RNA的提取方法

以荷花花瓣为材料,在比较CTAB-LiCl法和Trizol法的基础上,针对荷花花瓣富含多糖、多酚的特点,在RNA提取过程中加入去多糖步骤,改良了CTAB-LiCl法.结果表明,改良CTAB-LiCl法能有效地去除多糖,提取到的RNA 28 SrRNA亮度约为18SrRNA的二倍,A260/A280比值为1.98,A260/A230比值为2.36,RNA产率为685.3ng/μL,说明利用改良CTAB-LiCl法从荷花花瓣中提取的RNA质量好、产率高、完整性好.     

香花槐各组织总RNA提取方法的改良和优化

为探索香花槐各组织总RNA提取的最佳方法,以实验苗圃中的香花槐为实验材料,在比较了Trizol试剂法和常规CTAB法的基础上,建立了香花槐不同组织的最适提取方法.改良CTAB法利用高质量浓度的β-巯基乙醇和合适质量浓度的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVP)来防止RNA提取过程中多酚的氧化,然后增加苯酚/氯仿抽提次数来去除香花槐叶片和茎皮过多蛋白质.改良Trizol试剂法在根皮中加PVP研磨成白色粉末,可以有效地防止反应液褐化.各组织优化方法经琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测,所提取的总RNA的28S、18S条带清晰明亮,无降解;其A260nm/A280nm值为2.0,表明提取的总RNA质量较好.     

皂土对RNA的有效分离和保护作用的初步研究

皂土-SDS RNA提取方法,是一种能广泛应用的RNA提取方法,能从富含多糖多酚的麻疯树,富含RNase 的动物肝脏,以及霉菌等多种RNA提取困难的动、植物与微生物材料中,成功提取出高质量的RNA,A260/A280在1.8以上．皂土对RNA酶具有高效吸附效应,与RNAsin比较,发现皂土抑制RNA酶强度比进口的同类产品更佳。同时,实验表明此皂土RNA酶抑制剂对RT-PCR等分子生物学后续实验的并无影响。结论：皂土成本低廉,可作为一种有效的RNA抑制剂.     

角倍蚜总RNA提取方法的比较及优化

采用Trizol法及试剂盒柱提法提取角倍蚜若虫及成虫总RNA,通过紫外分光光度法(OD260/OD280、OD260/OD230)及琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测,对所提取RNA的纯度、浓度及完整性进行了分析.结果表明,采用常规样品量两种方法提取的RNA均降解严重,分析认为角倍蚜富含内源性RNase.通过大幅降低样品量,优化提取步骤,缩短提取时间,有效消除了RNA降解现象.采用Trizol法获得了纯度高、完整性好的RNA样品,电泳显示清晰的28S、18S及5S三条带;试剂盒柱提法获得的RNA呈现较为特殊的带型,没有常规的5S条带,而在750bp～1 000bp之间有一明显条带.     

林蛙输卵管总RNA提取方法的优化及RT-PCR验证

分别使用改良的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)法、 TRIzol法和RNAiso Plus法对林蛙的输卵管组织进行总RNA提取, 考察不同方法对总RNA提取量的影响. 结果表明: 利用改良的RNAiso Plus法并经进一步纯化, 获得总RNA的A₂₆₀/A_280平均值为1.96, 平均得率为56.1 μg/g; 通过反式多聚酶链式反应（RT-PCR）获得了林蛙-GAPDH基因和EF-1-α-基因的部分序列.     

铁观音茶树叶片总RNA提取方法研究

铁观音茶树不同生育时期叶片为材料,采用Tripure试剂法、申能博彩试剂盒与Tripure试剂相结合的方法提取茶树叶片总RNA。结果表明,Tripure试剂法比结合法更适宜提取铁观音茶树RNA,该方法提取的RNA 28S、18S和5S rRNA条带清晰明亮;OD260/OD280值在1.7~2.0之间,说明该方法提取的RNA完整性和纯度好,可用于进行后续分子生物学实验。     

香蕉不同组织中总RNA提取方法的研究

针对香蕉组织中多糖、多酚等次生物质含量高的特点，以香蕉根、茎、叶、果实为试材，对其总RNA提取进行研究．比较了SDS法、改良SDS法、改良CTAB法和Trizol试剂盒法提取总RNA的效果，结果分析表明：改良SDS法能从香蕉根、茎、叶中获得质量高、完整性较好的总RNA，而改良CTAB法对果实的提取效果较佳，所得A260／A280均高于1．8，A260／A230大于2，0，28 S rRNA带的亮度约是18 S rRNA的2倍．其产率在根、茎、叶中均在400μg·g^-1以上，果实中可达49．34μg·g-^1.以上2种方法所得的总RNA均能满足RTPCR、Northern blot和cDNA文库建立等分子生物学研究，且具有快速、简便易行、成本较低的特点，适合于富含多糖、多酚的植物材料．     

红景天属植物叶片RNA高效提取的方法

为建立高效提取几种红景天属植物叶片RNA的方法,试验以采自西藏林芝色季拉山的大花红景天为材料,分析了CTAB法,Trizol法,SDS法,尿素法提取叶片RNA的可行性,并利用Nano Drop 1 000、RTPCR和q RT-PCR等手段分析了该方法获得RNA的质量.结果显示,SDS法和CTAB-异丙醇均可得到完整的RNA条带,但是相比于SDS法,后者所提取的RNA产率较高,质量完整,条带清晰.随后对9种不同产地,不同品种的红景天进行RNA的提取,并用Nano Drop 1 000、RT-PCR分析结果.结果显示,所提取RNA的浓度均在200 ng/μL之上,A260/A280均在2.0-2.2之间,A260/A230均大于1.8.此外利用q RT-PCR获得18S内参基因的标准曲线相关系数为0.983.因此证明所提取的RNA的纯度、完整性和产率较高,蛋白、多糖及多酚类物质去除干净.所以CTAB-异丙醇法可以适用于红景天属叶片RNA的提取,为红景天的分子生物学研究奠定了基础.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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