来流速度突变对斜爆轰反射波系驻定特性影响的数值研究

斜爆轰推进可望用于未来高超声速动力系统,通过燃烧模式的改变给发动机带来诸多技术优势.然而,目前对于斜爆轰在受限空间中的波系结构研究较少,特别是对发动机复杂来流条件下的反射波系稳定性缺乏研究.本文基于简化的斜爆轰发动机-燃烧室模型,研究了来流速度突变对斜爆轰反射波系稳定性的影响.数值结果表明反射波系的失稳演化是个长期累积、突然加速的过程,不利于应用,可以通过增加来流马赫数来抑制其发展.当来流马赫数增大时,来流扰动可能使原不稳定反射波系重新稳定.扰动效果取决于来流马赫数增加的时间和幅度,扰动越早、马赫数增加幅度越大,越容易形成稳定的反射波系.通过分析来流扰动作用于斜爆轰波的流场特征,揭示了反射波系的重新稳定的机理,即通过来流扰动抑制了波后亚声速区诱导的流动壅塞.     

楔面角度扰动对斜爆轰结构的影响研究

为研究楔面角度扰动对斜爆轰波结构的影响,采用两步法反应模型建立了二维反应Euler方程组,在LevelSet函数中引入时间变量用于描述运动楔面边界,开展了楔面角度扰动对斜爆轰影响过程的数值模拟,仿真结果表明:楔面角度增加时,诱导区变短,突跃过渡斜爆轰演变成平滑过渡斜爆轰,斜爆轰波角度增加并向上游移动;楔面角度减小时,诱导区变长,平滑过渡斜爆轰演变成突跃过渡斜爆轰,斜爆轰波角度减小并向下游移动;演变过程包含复杂的波系变化.      

近临界马赫数条件下楔形诱导斜爆轰数值模拟

在爆轰推进技术的有关研究中,形成稳定的爆轰波对于爆轰发动机产生稳定推力至关重要.通过理论推导确定了斜爆轰角与来流马赫数间的曲线关系,并给出临界马赫数.进一步采用一步总包反应模型,开展近临界马赫数条件下有、无黏性扩散的斜爆轰大尺度数值模拟.针对临界马赫数近CJ特征的斜爆轰,有、无黏性两种情况下的模拟结果表明,近临界马赫数条件下斜爆轰存在CJ爆轰上行现象,爆轰驻定后,具有全局波动特征.      

T型管内爆轰流场演变的数值模拟

基于带化学反应的二维Euler方程,对2H_2/O_2/Ar系统在T型管内的传播进行了研究。用二阶附加半隐的RungeKutta法和五阶WENO格式分别离散欧拉方程的时间和空间导数项,采用9组分48步基元反应简化模型描述爆轰波分别在静止系统和流动系统中传播过程,得到了爆轰流场纹影、压力及数值胞格结构。结果表明:爆轰波进入水平管的爆轰波左右两侧发生衍射,导致爆轰波熄灭。诱导激波与上壁面碰撞反射诱导左右两侧爆轰波重新起爆,横向爆轰波阵面的小扰动进入马赫波,强度逐渐放大,最终波阵面上出现胞格结构。由于下壁面拐点附近出现爆轰"死区",下壁面爆轰波的产生比上壁面稍晚。     

二维高超音速边界层扰动演化的数值研究及小激波的存在对流场结构的影响

采用三种不同的计算格式对Mach数为6, 8, 10的高超音速边界层中的二维扰动的扰动演化做了直接数值模拟. 在入口处引入不同幅值的第二模态T-S波, 研究了小激波开始生成时扰动幅值大小与Mach数的关系. 通过对扰动速度剖面与线性稳定性理论值的比较, 研究了小激波对流场结构的影响.     

环形激波和爆轰波会聚过程的气体动力学特性

首先应用修正的激波CCW关系式分析了激波和爆轰波会聚过程及其化学反应的影响, 得到了初始Mach数相同条件下激波聚焦效果比爆轰波强的定性结论. 然后求解Euler方程和基元化学反应模型对环形激波和爆轰波的会聚过程进行了数值模拟, 分析了会聚过程的气体动力学特性、波系结构的差异及其产生原因. 通过对波绕射、会聚和聚焦点附近状态参数变化的对比分析, 揭示了爆轰波化学反应在绕射和会聚不同阶段所起的作用, 验证了理论分析结果.     

不同入射激波条件下激波与湍流边界层干扰的实验研究

本文在Ma=3.4超声速低噪声风洞中开展了不同入射激波条件下激波与来流壁面湍流边界层干扰的相关实验研究,得到了不同入射激波条件下的精细流场结构、壁面压力、壁面温度分布以及他们之间的相互关系.利用基于纳米示踪的平面激光散射技术(NPLS)在单位雷诺数6.30×10~6m~(-1)条件下获得了激波与湍流边界层干扰典型流场精细的瞬态流动结构图像,并对瞬态流动图像进行统计分析,得到的诱导激波振荡位置满足正态分布.同时利用大气数据系统得到了不同入射激波条件下干扰区的壁面压力分布,以及不同入射激波强度下分离区流动结构与壁面压力变化的关系.利用温敏漆(TSP)技术,得到不同入射激波条件下干扰区模型壁面温度分布,分析了激波与湍流边界层干扰过程中出现G?rtler涡引起的条带结构与入射激波强度的关系.     

钝锥高超声速边界层来流感受性数值研究

应用作者所建立的高精度非定常激波装配法,数值模拟了高超声速条件下,钝锥绕流快声波来流扰动非定常流场,研究了钝锥超声速边界层对来流扰动感受性特征,研究表明,在各种来流扰动的条件下,钝锥边界层感受到的主要是声波扰动;钝锥边界层内扰动模态,在头部附近是第一模态,向下游依次转换为第二模态、第三模态;另外随钝度减小,边界层内扰动模态的振幅增大,但有一临界值,超过临界后反而减小,并且由于曲率间断的影响,模态振幅随钝度的变化不再是单调变化的。     

斜激波与边界层的相互作用

本文在[二]中给出斜激波与边界层间之相互作用的外部解,在这个外部解,是由三个因素产生的,即(1)边界层不存在时,直线驻激波的压强变化,(2)凹壁边界层为一线性微扰而产生的压强变化,(3)凹曲壁边界层对激波波形的影响。     

影响气相爆轰波稳定性边界的通用两步反应模型参数分析

为了建立可靠的爆炸预测和分析模型,采用两步诱导-放热反应模型,数值模拟了不同参数条件下的一维爆轰波振荡过程。通过分析各参数与爆轰波面压力振荡模态的关系,寻找稳定振荡模态对应的临界参数,获得了由诱导区活化能EI、放热区活化能ER和反应速率常数kR构造的一维爆轰波稳定性边界。计算结果表明:增大EI和kR,或减小ER,会促进一维爆轰波向不稳定发展;对于给定的EI,稳定性边界对应的ER越大,与之匹配的kR也越大;在合理的参数范围内,EI越大,ER和kR满足一维爆轰波稳定的取值范围越小;EI在15.25~20.25区间内,稳定性边界对kR的变化比较敏感;EI在20.25~25.25区间内,稳定性边界对kR的敏感程度大大降低。研究获得的稳定性边界,可为将来利用两步反应模型研究多维爆轰波稳定性的参数选择提供参考,据此建立的爆炸预测模型,可以应用于爆炸现场分析及还原,爆炸物销毁现场方案制定和风险评估,搜排爆防护装备的研发改进,以及隔爆抑爆技术研究等领域。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has