基于RSM对纤维素酶预处理制备MFC薄膜的参数优化

采用响应曲面法(RSM)对纤维素酶预处理制备微纤化纤维素(MFC)薄膜的工艺条件进行优化.先通过万能试验机对薄膜性能进行单因素分析,然后以MFC薄膜的抗拉强度为响应值,利用RSM进行参数优化.结果表明:MFC薄膜的抗拉强度随着纸浆浓度、酶用量、酶处理时间的增加呈现出不同的变化趋势;RSM预测得出MFC薄膜的酶预处理优化条件为纸浆浓度10%,、酶用量11.74,U/g、酶处理时间24,h.     

堆热法提取浮萍多糖

浮萍多糖具有免疫调节能力,是一种很有发展前景的药物原料.为了广泛开发利用浮萍资源,有效提取浮萍多糖,应用堆热法从浮萍中提取多糖,实验结果显示堆热法提取浮萍多糖的最佳工艺条件为浮萍堆热5 d,80℃浸提8 h后,4倍体积无水乙醇沉淀2次,浮萍多糖纯度和收率分别为32%和0.17%.     

含油污泥真空热裂解的研究

采用真空热裂解的方法处理含油污泥,研究热解终温、体系压力、保温时间和冷凝温度对热解产物产率的影响。实验结果表明:在热解终温为500℃,体系压力为10 kPa,保温时间为30 min,冷凝温度为-20℃的条件下,可得到热解固体渣、热解液和热解气的产率分别为9.4%,85.8%和4.8%;分离热解液的水分后得到油产率为原含油污泥的31.25%;采用真空热裂解的方法,能实现含油污泥全组分清洁循环利用。     

核壳丙烯酸酯类树脂热裂解-气相色谱/质谱研究

采用热裂解-气相色谱/质谱法(PY-GC/MS)对核壳丙烯酸类树脂(ACR)进行分析.ACR样品在500℃条件下进行热裂解,裂解产物通过BPX5石英毛细管柱分离和质谱鉴定,获得了ACR在热裂解条件下的特征化合物.并通过对已知均聚物同条件分析的验证,找到了ACR各个热裂解产物的来由,从而确定了组成ACR共聚物的单体.对ACR丙酮不溶物的分析,初步探索了ACR粒子的内部组成结构.     

黄铜矿表面生物吸附量的测定条件

采用茚三酮比色法测定了在细菌浸矿的过程中,黄铜矿矿物表面吸附细菌细胞裂解液的吸光度,通过对测量波长、裂解时间、溶液pH值、加热时间、冷却时间等影响吸光度因素的实验研究,得出了黄铜矿表面细菌细胞裂解液吸光度的最佳测定条件为:波长560nm,裂解时间25min,溶液pH值7.0,加热时间15min,冷却时间6min.在最佳条件下绘制出了吸光度与矿物表面细菌吸附量之间关系的标准曲线.研究表明细菌裂解液的吸光值与细菌的浓度成正比.     

溶剂捕集-高效液相色谱法测定烟用添加剂热裂解产物中的苯酚

 建立了高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定烟用添加剂热裂解产物中苯酚含量的分析方法.样品经热裂解仪裂解后,其热裂解产物用1%的乙酸水溶液各2 mL于室温下分两级捕集吸收,把2份吸收液混合均匀后,经C18色谱柱分离,采用荧光检测器(271 nm)检测,外标法定量.在0.2~10.0 μg/mL范围内,苯酚的峰面积与其质量浓度间呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 9.在0.3,1.0,3.0 μg/mL添加水平下的加标回收率为81.7%~96.7 %,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.86%~12.71%.     

戊二酸单薄荷酯的合成和热裂解

戊二酸酐和薄荷醇在4-二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP)的催化作用下,以甲苯为溶剂,合成新型清凉剂戊二酸单薄荷酯,采用正交试验优化了合成条件,得到较佳反应条件为:戊二酸酐和薄荷醇的摩尔比为1.4∶1,催化剂用量为薄荷醇摩尔分数的10%,回流温度下反应10 h,收率在80%以上.产物的结构通过红外光谱、核磁共振光谱和质谱进行了表征.利用热重-微商热重(TG-DTG)对戊二酸单薄荷酯的热失重、裂解温度进行了研究,通过在线裂解气相色谱/质谱联用(Py-GC/MS)技术对戊二酸单薄荷酯分别在无氧和有氧条件下,在300、600、750、900℃时的裂解产物进行了研究.结果表明:戊二酸单薄荷酯的裂解温度为305.1℃,在348.0℃时,样品总失重率接近100%;无氧和有氧条件下裂解产物的种类和数量随着温度升高而增多,有氧裂解产物数量多于无氧裂解;p-薄荷-3-烯、3-甲基-6-异丙基环己烯和薄荷醇是裂解的主要产物,具有致香和清凉作用.     

浸泡预处理提取伊朗蒿精油及其对毕赤酵母的抑制作用研究

目的:研究浸泡预处理提取伊朗蒿精油的最佳条件及精油的抑菌效果.方法:采用浸泡预处理,并试用不同的条件对精油进行提取,同时采用滤纸片扩散法来检测精油对于毕赤酵母生长的抑制作用.结果:浸泡预处理提取伊朗蒿精油的最佳工艺是料液比为1∶15;浸泡预处理24h后回流5h,得到的精油量为12.0ml/kg.结论:伊朗蒿精油对于毕赤酵母的生长具有明显的抑制作用.     

MnO_2@graphene为阴极催化剂的微生物燃料电池产电性能研究

以碳布为阴阳极材料,乙酸钠为底物,MnO_2@graphene为阴极催化剂构建空气阴极单室微生物燃料电池(MFC),研究了阳极液pH、阳极底物初始COD浓度、MFC运行温度等因素对MFC输出电压和产电功率的影响﹒研究结果表明,阳极液pH对MFC产电性能影响最大,而阳极底物初始COD浓度影响最小﹒在阳极液pH为8、MFC运行温度为308 K和阳极底物初始COD浓度为800 mg/L时MFC的产电性能和污水处理最佳﹒在此条件下,MFC对污水中COD的降解率可达98.4%,输出电压和产电功率密度分别可达0.813 V和2 046.9mW/m~2,说明以MnO_2@graphene为阴极催化剂的MFC具有较好的产电性能和污水处理效能﹒     

裂解气相色谱-质谱法研究聚醚砜的热裂解机理

采用裂解气相色谱-质谱联用仪(PyGC-MS)分析了聚醚砜(PES)在温度500~700℃内热裂解形成的产物种类及其相对含量.结果发现:500℃下PES热裂解形成的主要产物是苯酚,550℃时裂解才产生SO_2;随着裂解温度的升高,裂解产物的种类越来越多,SO_2逐渐成为主要的裂解产物.最后根据不同温度下形成的裂解产物的种类及其相对含量推测了PES产生热裂解的机理.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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