Zur Biogenese des Lignins

Summary Potato germs grown in absence of light contain a substance which doubtless can be classified as lignin. This statement, though contradictory to the findings ofP. Klason, may be proved by microscopic staining methods as well as by chemical analysis. It is concluded that photo-energy is not necessary for the formation of lignin.     

Über die Herkunft der auf der Basalplatte liegenden,den intervillösen Raum begrenzenden Zellen bei der Geburtsplacenta des Menschen

Summary The basal plate of the human placenta in the last months of pregnancy is covered over with flattened endothelial-like cells against the intervillous space. These cells are sex-chromatin positive in more than 35% of the placentas of male newborns. For this reason we believe that they are endothelial cells of the maternal vessels which are spread out secondarily over the surface of the basal plate.     

Zur Frage der thermoelastischen Eigenschaften des Nerven

Summary The thermo-elastic properties of nerve have been studied by measurements of the change in length caused by changes in temperature. The thermal coefficient (per °C) of linear expansion, always positive in sign, is of the order of 10^–4 for intact nerve and 10^–5 for dissected nerve.     

Zur Ausschaltung des Becquereleffektes in der Elektroretinographie

Summary Distortion of the electroretinogram by Becquerel effect may be excluded by using carbon rod instead of metallic wire in connecting the electrode.     

Die absteigenden Verbindungen der Sehrinde des HalbaffenGalago crassicaudatus

Summary After experimental lesions inGalago crassicaudatus, the cortico-efferent fibres of the optical cortex were studied using theNauta andGlees methods. Mainly 4 different systems were separated: Corticocaudate, pontine, geniculate and pulvinar.     

Die Verteilung von Noradrenalin und Adrenalin im Herzen der Katze,des Kaninchens und der Ratte

Summary The concentration of noradrenaline in different parts of the heart was estimated in cats, rabbits, and rats. In each heart, the concentration of noradrenaline was much higher in the right atrium than in the left atrium and higher in the right ventricle than in the left one.     

Die Überwinterung des Erregers der Bitterfäule

Summary The cycle assuring infection of the fungusGlosporium fructigenum Berk. causing bitter-rot of cherries, rarely of apples and plums in Switzerland, is herewith discussed. The buds' raments on cherry-trees are discovered as new part of the cycle; the fungus can pass the winter in them as a parasit, just as it does in twigs. Probably the fungus begins to spread from the buds' raments in the following year.     

Die Wirkung des Toluidinblaus und der Thrombokinase auf den Vorgang der Thrombininaktivierung

Summary The disappearance of thrombin—formed in the blood, or added to serum-follows a manomolecular reaction-type. Heparin increases the reaction-velocity of this thrombin-inactivating process.Our investigation established that toluidine blue or kinase, which, according to the literature, bind heparin, strongly reduce the speed of thrombin-inactivation too. Therefore the heparin-binding capacity of these substances is also manifested in the decrease of thrombin-inactivation.     

Die Unterdrückung des letalen anaphylaktischen Schocks bei der Maus

Summary The effect was investigated of Endoxan (cyclophosphamide) on anaphylactic shock in mice, induced with the aid of pertussis organisms. A complete inhibition by a dose of 4 mg/mouse can be proved. The formation of antibodies in the Endoxan-treated mice is depressed.     

Die postnatale Entwicklung der Bursttätigkeit im Bulbus olfactorius des Kaninchens

Summary An investigation of the olfactory burst activity was undertaken in rabbits during 1–8 days of life. The bursts are already present at the first postnatal day (frequency 18 c/sec, amplitude 23µV). The values of the adult animal are reached at 8 days.     

Zur Kenntnis des lamellaren Musters in ausgewachsenen und der Kristallgitterstruktur in jungen Chloroplasten

Summary (1) It is shown that in the chloroplasts ofChlamydomonas andAnthoceros thick, dense lamellae and thin, less dense lamellae alternate. (2) In the chloroplasts of many phanerogame plants with grana, thin less dense lamellae limit the parcel of thick grana-lamellae above and below. Since the differentiations 1 and 2 are present in the photographs of many publications (although not mentioned), it is suggested that this kind of lamellarmodel has often been overlooked until now. — The « Kristallgitterstruktur » has been found in a cryptogamous plant,Selaginella, in young chloroplasts, for the first time. The connection between the elementary particles of the crystal-lattice and the young lamellae has been verified again. — The possibility of formation of double lamellae by fusion of blastulae or tubuli is discussed in detail.     

Zur Spezifität des durch Bradykinin,Kallidin und Met-Kallidin ausgelösten Blutdruckreflexes an der Katze

Summary Synthetic kinins (bradykinin, kallidin and met-kallidin) administered via the femoral artery in the isolated hindlimb of the cat elicits vasoconstriction, a reflex on the systemic blood pressure, a stimulation of respiration, and contraction of nictitating membrane. Acetylcholine elicits these reflex reactions in the body too. Atropine blocks this reflex, but not the reactions of kinins. Phenylbutazone administered via the femoral artery blocks the reflex reactions of acetylcholine and kinins as well as the vasoconstriction of histamine and the kinins in the isolated hindlimb. Phenylbutazone elicits by itself a reflex reaction. Of all the synthetic substances, the kinins are the most specific drugs inducing reflex reactions.     

Zur Feinstruktur der materno-fetalen Verbindung im Placentom des Schafes (Ovis aries L.)

Summary The placenta of sheep is epithelio-chorial like those of cows and deer.     

Die Phagozytose von Melaningranula durch Bindegewebszellen während des Gewebeabbaus der Metamorphose beiXenopus

Summary Phagocytosis of melanin granules by cells of the connective tissue (histiocytes, macrophages) was observed in larvae ofXenopus laevis. Their participation in reduction of tissues is not of significant importance.     

Die licht- und sublichtmikroskopische Morphologie der Epidermis des neotenen Axolotls (Siredon mexicanum Shaw)

Summary Three different cell types are the most frequent elements of the epidermis of the neotenic axolotl: (1) the common epidermal cells are small and multiform. They show bundles of tonofilaments (figures ofEberth) in the stratum basale. (2) The big Leydig cells contain numerous gross granules and a special network in the peripheral cytoplasm (Langerhans net). (3) The cover cells forming the outer layer of the epidermis possess a striking mucin zone in the apical cytoplasm.     

Die Rudimentation des Rumpfkanals bei kavernikolen Populationen des Astyanax (Characidae,Pisces)

Summary The lateral canal of the eye- and pigment-reduced cave populations of Astyanax mexicanus shows fragmentations. This is in contrast with the epigean ancestor and is attributed to the loss of its biological function.

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Die Rudimentation des Rumpfkanals bei kavernikolen Populationen des Astyanax (Characidae, Pisces)

     

Zur funktionellen Bedeutung der räumlichen Anordnung des Kristallkegels zum Rhabdom im Auge der Trachtbiene (Apis mellifica L.)

Summary The granular material found in the 4 sectors of the crystalline cone of varying electron density possibly causes a different absorption of incident polarized light. As the quadrants of the crystalline cone are rotated against the quadrants of the rhabdom, we can conclude that each rhabdomere may be stimulated by light of different physical qualities consequently providing a 4-to 8-fold pattern in the rhabdom of the ommatidia.

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Mit Unterstützung durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Die Abhängigkeit der Magnesium-‘aktivierten Inosin’ Triphosphatase-Aktivität des Aktomyosins von der Ionenstärke

Summary The ionic strength dependence of the magnesium-activated actomyosin ITPase activity (of heart and skeletal muscle) is distinctly different from that of the magnesium-activated ATPase activity. The former is inhibited by lowering the ionic strength below 0.1 , an effect which can be attributed to an ionic strength dependent inhibitory action of tropomyosin B.

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Herrn Prof. Dr.J. C. Rüegg danke ich für viele wertvolle Diskussionen und das kritische Durchlesen des Manuskriptes. Ebenso bin ich Herrn Dr.M. C. Schaub für viele hilfreiche Diskussionen und die Mitteilung unveröffentlichter Resultate zu Dank verpflichtet. FräuleinL. Mintert und meine FrauGeraldine möchte ich auf Grund der ausgezeichneten technischen Assitenz lobend hervorheben.     

Einfluss der 16-Hydroxylgruppe auf die Aktivität der Kardenolide. Die inotrope Aktivität des 16-epi-gitoxigenin

Summary A comparative study of gitoxigenin and 16-epi-gitoxigenin has shown that epimerization of the C₁ -OH-group substatially lowers the cardiotonic activity.