贵州鸡油菌的应用与生物学特性的研究

为了进一步开发利用贵州鸡油菌资源 ,本文在对贵州鸡油菌资源进行调查的同时 ,对其生物学特性及生长基物作了初步的研究。其结果为 :鸡油菌分布在贵州海拔 2 50～ 1750的地区。子实体生长期为每年的 5～8月 ,生长基物的 pH为 5 8,生长温度为 15 2～ 30 6℃ ,光照强度为 650～ 1650LX ,土壤温度 31 39%～19 4 4 % (土壤深度 1～ 10cm) ,土壤微量元素有 :铝、钡、铍、钴、铬、铜、铁、锰、镍、铅、锑、硅、钛、矾、铟。鸡油菌生长环境的植物种类有 :茅栗、栓皮栎、马尾松、马桑、盐夫木、板栗、化香、槐树、野花椒、地瓜藤、构皮、救军粮。将分离的鸡油菌纯菌种接种于马尾松育苗中 ,能形成菌根 ,可使马尾松幼苗生长速度提高     

鸡油菌多糖的提取及组成分析

鸡油菌(Cantharelles cibarius)是一种食药兼用的外生菌根真菌,多糖是鸡油菌的重要活性成分之一.报道了鸡油菌多糖提取工艺,作者采用正交实验设计法研究了提取温度、时间、固液比(加水倍数)及木瓜蛋白酶4个因素对提取率的影响,确定了最佳提取工艺为40 min、80 ℃和25倍水,在此条件下其多糖提取率可达12.58%.薄板层析结果显示,鸡油菌多糖主要由葡萄糖、甘露糖、核糖组成.     

鸡油菌浸染对马尾松生物量及净碳储量的影响

为探索鸡油菌菌根浸染对造林过程中马尾松生物量及净碳储量的影响,采用非灭菌接种法研究了鸡油菌浸染对马尾松林分特征的影响,鸡油菌浸染对马尾松生物量的影响,鸡油菌浸染对马尾松净碳储量的影响。研究结果表明,经鸡油菌菌根浸染的马尾松生长状况明显好于对照组,处理组马尾松全株平均生物量为2.555kg,比对照组多0.2kg(P0.05);处理组平均每株净碳储量为1.16kg/株,比非处理组高0.1kg/株(P0.05)。说明鸡油菌人工浸染马尾松后,能在新造林地的环境里与马尾松维持良好的共生关系,同时促进马尾松生长,可为困难地造林提理论与实践指导。     

乌茸菌生物学特征研究

乌茸菌[Polyozellus nultiplex (Under w.).Murr.],又叫乌舞茸,黑叉片菌,属多孔菌类。这类菌大多木质化,不堪食用,只有少数几种如灰树花,干巴菌,鸡油菌,灵芝等具有较高的食药用价值。《中国食用菌志》载“乌茸菌子实体大型,菌肉脆,味清香,质地介于木耳和干巴菌之间,属中品”。故选其作为驯化栽培对象。     

贵州鸡油菌的生态学特点及分布特征

通过对鸡油子实体成份、生长土壤成份、温湿度、植物种类、光照强度、酸碱度,子实体的年生长量及分布特征、系统地研究了鸡油菌的生物学特性和它的复合生态。     

贵州非褶菌物资源生态及其地理分布

报道了贵州境内非褶菌物17科60属262种,其中以鸡油菌科Canthrellaceae、齿菌科Hydnaceae、齿耳菌科Steccherinaceae、耳匙菌科Auriscaopiaceae、皱孔菌科Mertliaceae、杯珊瑚菌科Clavicoronaceae、丛枝珊菌科Ramari-aceae、锁瑚菌科Clavulinaceae、珊瑚菌科Clavariaceae、革菌科Thelephoraceae、伏革菌科Corticiaceae、韧革菌科Ste-reaceae、牛舌菌科Fistulinaceae,多孔菌科Polyporaceae中的种最为常见,其中8种为中国新纪录,29种为贵州省新纪录.     

鸡油菌,喇叭菌和钉菇的25SrDNA部分序列及其系统学关系

从分子系统学角度出发,对鸡油菌属（Ｃａｎｔｈａｒｅｌｕｓ）、喇叭菌属（Ｃｒａｔｅｒｅｌｕｓ）和钉菇属（Ｇｏｍｐｈｕｓ）的模式种的２５ＳｒＤＮＡ部分序列进行了测定,并与另外１０目的１３个担子菌和１个接合菌的２５ＳｒＤＮＡ序列进行比较分析,以接合菌总状毛霉（Ｍｕｃｏｒｒａｃｅｍｏｓｕｓ）为外类群构建出这些担子菌的部分２５ＳｒＤＮＡ序列的系统树图,探讨它们３属之间及它们与其他担子菌的关系及其系统学上的意义．认为鸡油菌与同科的喇叭菌关系最为亲近,而钉菇属看来也应该归入鸡油菌目Ｃａｎｔｈａｒｅｌａｌｅｓ中,这与传统方法的分析结果较为一致;虽然鸡油菌类真菌又与各肉质的伞菌类群的关系相对较密切,但它应该有其相对独立的进化路线,将这一类真菌上升至目一级的分类阶元是比较恰当的;但钉菇目Ｇｏｍｐｈａｌｅｓ上升到目的水平是否恰当则有待更多的数据去证明．     

外生菌根菌对核桃的浸染技术研究

为探索外生菌根菌浸染对核桃根系的影响,找出最佳浸染技术方案,采用浸染温度、湿度等方面的调控对比实验研究了美味牛肝菌、紫色马勃、鸡油菌等外生菌根菌对核桃浸染的根际菌根形成及菌根感染强度的影响。研究结果表明,美味牛肝菌接种组苗木的菌根感染强度(M%)为47.34%,紫色马勃接种组苗木的菌根感染强度(M%)为48.54%,鸡油菌接种组苗木的菌根感染强度(M%)为48.73%;当温度为24℃,相对湿度为70%时,菌根感染强度最大为48.6%。     

二种外生菌根菌对无籽刺梨扦插繁殖的影响

为探求一种最佳的无籽刺梨扦插繁殖技术,本研究拟通过拥有独立知识产权的专利技术:一种鸡油菌液体菌种的制备方法(专利号:ZL201210095414.8)和一种紫色马勃液体菌种的制作方法(专利号:201410082596.4)所生产的2种外生菌根菌菌种,应用到无籽刺梨扦插繁殖中。结果表明:处理水平2(鸡油菌液体菌种50 g和紫色马勃液体菌种50 g)扦插成活率较高(90%),处理水平3(鸡油菌液体菌种100 g)(82%)次之,处理水平4(紫色马勃液体菌种100 g)为80%,处理水平1(不使用外生菌根菌菌种)成活率最小,为73%;处理水平1株高590 mm,处理水平2株高为860 mm,处理水平3株高为780 mm,处理水平4株高为750 mm;处理水平2生物量总计为868 g,处理水平4次之(661 g),处理水平3为634 g,处理水平1为479 g。说明经外生菌根菌处理的插穗,其扦插成活率、株高生长、生物量明显优于未处理,在处理的插穗中,处理水平2(鸡油菌液体菌种50 g,紫色马勃液体菌种50 g)强于其它二个处理,二种外生菌根菌相互协调,共同促进无籽刺梨的扦插后的生长与发育。     

高档菌香油加工新技术

在植物油中加入菌类制成的高档菌香油,不但能使油变得鲜香可口,而且可使菌体保持原状,不需烹调直接食用,目前国内尚无厂家进行规模化生产,若投资办一个菌香油加工厂不失为一条致富途径。一、加工要领１．原料（１）油类：菜籽油、棉籽油、玉米油、大豆油、棕榈油等,单独或混合使用均可。（２）菌类：香菇、平菇、蘑菇、金针菇、鸡■、牛肝菌、松乳菇均可。２．清洗先剪去菇柄过栽培料处,再用清水快速洗净。金针菇等长柄菇可切成２～３ｃｍ长,其它菇可将柄盖切断分放。然后用风机吹干表水备用。３．油炸一般食用菌添加量为油脂重的３…     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that