一种多传感器数据融合的智能捡球机器人结构设计

设计了一种分层布局的智能捡球机器人.采用分层设计的思路将机器人机械部分分为捡球储球机构和机器人框架两部分,并对机械结构进行了系统的分析和设计.根据设计方案制作了机器人样机,分别以乒乓球和网球进行了捡球效率测试,结果表明,该机器人机械结构布局合理、视野较宽、捡球效率高.     

基于多层径向基神经网络的机器人手爪腕力测量

机器人手爪腕部所受的力的量化对于机器人的安全操作是非常重要的.为了获取手指上力传感器的输出变化,首先对机器人进行标定实验,得到了机器人在行走和操作工件时腕部所受的多维力的信息.分析了利用经典的BP网络、RBF网络方法对机器人手爪腕力测量的缺陷,设计了一种新的神经网络.3R神经网络,对机器人手爪的8个指力传感器数据进行数据融合.结果显示,该方法能大大提高手爪腕部所受的力的估测精度,从而为机器人的安全操作提供了决策依据.     

基于偏置补偿的6自由度腕部偏置机器人逆解算法

串联6自由度腕部偏置机器人一般没有实用的封闭形式位置逆解.根据几何特征分析,以对应的腕部无偏置机器人的封闭解为基础,通过对腕部偏置量的平移补偿和对手腕位置点坐标的迭代修正,得到了腕部偏置机器人位置逆解的数值解.算法保证了末端姿态的正确性.根据末端位置精度要求控制迭代次数,可以得到任意精度的位置逆解.逆解过程中各关节变量的计算采用腕部无偏置机器人的封闭解,使得程序具有通用性.大量的数据试验表明,该算法可以满足实时控制要求.     

腕部康复机器人助动训练的力反馈控制

研制了一种3自由度腕部康复机器人并设计了具有力反馈功能的助动训练控制系统.采用力传感器及转矩传感器检测人腕部施加的力或力矩,根据作用力确定电机需要提供的助动力,以使患者腕部保持可承受范围内的压力,充分发挥患者已恢复的运动能力并实现康复机器人助动训练.电机控制系统中的电流环和速度环采用比例-积分调节器,位置环采用滑模变结构控制,具有控制精度高、稳定性强的特点.与采用脑电信号或肌电信号作为反馈控制的方式相比,采用力反馈控制的可操作性更强、精度更高且稳定性更强.同时,通过模拟实验验证了所提出的助动训练控制系统的有效性.     

乒乓球捡放机械臂结构设计和优化

针对已捡放到球篮中的乒乓球如何进一步投入回收箱的问题,对乒乓球捡放机械臂进行了结构设计和优化.确定了机械臂结构形式,根据回收箱的大小分析了机械臂的运动空间,利用罚函数法和可变多面体搜索法实现了机械臂的结构优化,并采用MATLAB优化工具箱确定了最终尺寸.最后,采用铝合金材料制造了机械臂,将其安装在乒乓球捡放机器人样机上,并进行了20次乒乓球捡放实验.统计结果表明,机械臂的运动空间能够满足设计要求,可以实现乒乓球的准确投放.     

一种基于视觉识别的乒乓球捡球机设计与开发

针对目前乒乓球捡球机捡球机构不完善、乒乓球识别算法适应性差的问题,提出一种基于视觉识别的智能乒乓球捡球机.采用树莓派4B开发板作为控制单元,利用轻量化的you only look once （YOLO） v5s算法,对乒乓球进行识别;通过扇叶式集球机构,将乒乓球卷入收纳篮.实验结果表明：在乒乓球数小于150个的情况下,该捡球机的识别精确率与查全率均可达到95%以上,漏检率控制在7%以下.同时,集球机构结构简单、可靠、效率高,整体设计方案具有较好的实际应用价值.     

乒乓球机器人击打点的预测方法

针对乒乓球机器人项目中乒乓球击打点位置及球到达击打点速度的预测问题进行探讨,分别建立了乒乓球飞行阶段的状态方程模型和乒乓球反弹过程的运动模型.基于这两个模型,提出了一种主要通过状态方程数值迭代求解而进行击打点预测的方法.同时又提出一种离线学习来确定模型中待定参数的方法,以完成不同条件下的预测.针对乒乓球的空间坐标带有较大噪声的特点,在预测过程中特别注意增强容错性的处理.实验结果表明,这种方法具有较高的预测精度,且应用该方法所需的时间能够满足预测的实时性要求.     

新型机器人六维力传感器的测量电路

针对机器人腕部及手指所受空间六维力／力矩的测量，介绍了一种新型基于Stewart并联结构的六维力传感器，主要研究该传感器的测量电路，并对电桥电压灵敏度及温度补偿方法作了详细研究。     

从第43届世乒赛展望世界乒坛的发展趋势

依据现场电视录像及相关资料,探讨了第43届世界乒乓球锦标赛呈现出的几个特点,并论述了世界乒乓球运动技战术的发展趋势     

基于TRIZ理论的攀爬机器人创新设计

发明问题解决原理（TRIZ）已经成为目前技术创新领域的研究热点.该文针对现有攀爬机器人存在的问题,运用TRIZ理论对其进行分析,建立其矛盾,并结合TRIZ矛盾矩阵对其进行创新求解.最后,结合攀爬机器人本身的功能需求及结构特点设计了一种新型的攀爬翻转式机器人.该机器人的适应性和多用性较好,而且能够实现迁移性攀爬.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that