肝癌细胞系Hep3B中CD133+细胞亚群的分离及其特性的研究

目的研究CD133在人肝癌细胞系Hep3B中的表达以及CD133+细胞的体外增殖、自我更新及体内成瘤能力,初步探讨肝癌中CD133+细胞亚群的干细胞特性。方法流式细胞仪检测未分选的Hep3B细胞中CD133+细胞表达情况;免疫磁珠分选技术纯化CD133+肿瘤细胞;MTT法检测CD133+细胞体外增殖能力;无血清培养纯化...     

Lack of Na+,K+-ATPase expression in intercalated cells may be compensated by Na+-ATPase: A study on MDCK – C11 cells

The lack of Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase expression in intercalated cells (IC) is an intriguing condition due to its fundamental role in cellular homeostasis. In order to better understand this question we compared the activities of Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase and Na⁺-ATPase in two MDCK cell clones: the C11, with IC characteristics, and the C7, with principal cells (PC) characteristics. The Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase activity found in C11 cells is far lower than in C7 cells and the expression of its β-subunit is similar in both cells. On the other hand, a subset of C11 without α-subunit expression has been found. In C11 cells the Na⁺-ATPase activity is higher than that of the Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase, and it is increased by medium alkalinization, suggesting that it could account for the cellular Na⁺-homeostasis. Although further studies are necessary for a better understanding of these findings, the presence of Na⁺-ATPase may explain the adequate survival of cells that lack Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase. Received 09 July 2008; received after revision 03 August 2008; accepted 12 August 2008     

Cytochrome c: the Achilles’ heel in apoptosis

Cytochrome c is a well-known mitochondrial protein that fulfills life-supporting functions by transferring electrons to the respiratory chain to maintain ATP production. However, during the activation of apoptotic machinery, it is released from mitochondria and, being in the cytosol, it either triggers the activation of the caspase cascade in intrinsic apoptotic pathway, or it is involved in the amplification of extrinsic apoptotic signaling. Accumulating evidence suggests that only unmodified holocytochrome c is efficient in the stimulation of apoptosis. Considering the importance of cytochrome c in both life and death, it was of significant interest to investigate the complete or partial cytochrome c deficiency in vivo. Here, we discuss the importance of distinct amino acid residues for various functions of cytochrome c in cells and mice with targeted cytochrome c mutations.     

Pharmacodynamie de la circulation cérébrale

Sans résuméRelation présentée au XXI^e Congrès International des Sciences Physiologiques, Buenos Aires, 9–15 août 1959.     

Overexpression of HAb18G/CD147 promotes invasion and metastasis via α3β1 integrin mediated FAK-paxillin and FAK-PI3K-Ca2+ pathways

Mechanism of HAb18G/CD147 underlying the metastasis process of human hepatoma cells has not been determined. In the present study, we found that integrin α3β1 colocalizes with HAb18G/CD147 in human 7721 hepatoma cells. The enhancing effect of HAb18G/CD147 on adhesion, invasion capacities and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) secretion was decreased by integrin α3β1 antibodies (p<0.01). The expressions of integrin downstream molecules including focal adhesion kinase (FAK), phospho-FAK (p-FAK), paxillin, and phospho-paxillin (p-paxillin) were increased in human hepatoma cells overexpressing HAb18G/CD147. Deletion of HAb18G/CD147 reduces the quantity of focal adhesions and rearranges cytoskeleton. Wortmannin and LY294002, specific phosphatidylinositol kinase (PI3K) inhibitors, reversed the effect of HAb18G/CD147 on the regulation of intracellular Ca²⁺ mobilization, significantly reducing cell adhesion, invasion and MMPs secretion potential (p<0.01). Together, these results suggest that HAb18G/CD147 enhances the invasion and metastatic potentials of human hepatoma cells via integrin α3β1-mediated FAK-paxillin and FAKPI3K-Ca²⁺ signal pathways. Received 5 June 2008; received after revision 16 July 2008; accepted 23 July 2008     

Relations entre les taux cétoniques du plasma et des organes

Summary Ketone levels in the rat's organs (liver, muscle, lung, kidney, brain) do not seem to be correlated with the ketone level in the blood plasma. On the other hand, there are significant and high correlations between the ketone levels of different organs. These findings are not inconsistent with the generally accepted theory according to which blood distributes hepatic ketone bodies to the periphery. But ketone levels of the organs seem to be regulated not by variations of the plasma ketones, but by another common factor. At present, it is impossible to say how this regulation is effected.     

δ-Opioid receptors protect from anoxic disruption of Na+ homeostasis via Na+ channel regulation

Hypoxic/ischemic disruption of ionic homeostasis is a critical trigger of neuronal injury/death in the brain. There is, however, no promising strategy against such pathophysiologic change to protect the brain from hypoxic/ischemic injury. Here, we present a novel finding that activation of δ-opioid receptors (DOR) reduced anoxic Na⁺ influx in the mouse cortex, which was completely blocked by DOR antagonism with naltrindole. Furthermore, we co-expressed DOR and Na⁺ channels in Xenopus oocytes and showed that DOR expression and activation indeed play an inhibitory role in Na⁺ channel regulation by decreasing the amplitude of sodium currents and increasing activation threshold of Na⁺ channels. Our results suggest that DOR protects from anoxic disruption of Na⁺ homeostasis via Na⁺ channel regulation. These data may potentially have significant impacts on understanding the intrinsic mechanism of neuronal responses to stress and provide clues for better solutions of hypoxic/ischemic encephalopathy, and for the exploration of acupuncture mechanism since acupuncture activates opioid system.     

刚地弓形虫RH株感染对BALB／c小鼠情绪行为的影响

目的研究刚地弓形虫RH株感染对BALB／c小鼠学习记忆行为的影响及可能机制。方法将72只周龄、大小相近的雄性BALB／c小鼠采用随机数字表分为生理盐水对照组与不同数量（3×10^3／ml、3×10^4／ml、3×10^5／m1）弓形虫RH株感染组,每组18只。于感染第5周从每组各随机抽取6只分别进行高架十字迷宫实验、旷场实验及强迫游泳实验,观察各组小鼠在实验中情绪行为变化。并记录各项指标进行统计分析。结果在高架迷宫试验与旷场实验中,3×10^3／ml弓形虫感染组小鼠与生理盐水对照组小鼠比较,各项行为学指标无明显差异。在3×10^4／ml、3×10^5／ml弓形虫感染组小鼠与对照组小鼠比较出现明显降低（P〈0．05）．以3×10^5／ml感染组最为明显,其小鼠运动活力（0E＋cE）、进入开放臂次数比例（OE％）、开放臂停留时间比例（OT％）小鼠爬行总格数、中央格在总格数中比例分别为11．08±2．12、28．73±0．59％、25．62±2．33％、32．30±17．26、2．42±0．65％。在强迫游泳试验中,各弓形虫感染组小鼠游泳的静止时间均高于对照组小鼠（P〈0．05）,3×10^5／ml感染组静止时间最长,达226．6±1．9S。结论刚地弓形虫RH株感染可引起小鼠情绪行为改变,具有焦虑抑郁倾向。     

Na+ mechanism of δ-opioid receptor induced protection from anoxic K+ leakage in the cortex

Activation of δ-opioid receptors (DOR) attenuates anoxic K⁺ leakage and protects cortical neurons from anoxic insults by inhibiting Na⁺ influx. It is unknown, however, which pathway(s) that mediates the Na⁺ influx is the target of DOR signal. In the present work, we found that, in the cortex, (1) DOR protection was largely dependent on the inhibition of anoxic Na⁺ influxes mediated by voltage-gated Na⁺ channels; (2) DOR activation inhibited Na⁺ influx mediated by ionotropic glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, but not that by non-NMDA receptors, although both played a role in anoxic K⁺ derangement; and (3) DOR activation had little effect on Na⁺/Ca²⁺ exchanger-based response to anoxia. We conclude that DOR activation attenuates anoxic K⁺ derangement by restricting Na⁺ influx mediated by Na⁺ channels and NMDA receptors, and that non-NMDA receptors and Na⁺/Ca²⁺ exchangers, although involved in anoxic K⁺ derangement in certain degrees, are less likely the targets of DOR signal. Received 26 November 2008; received after revision 26 December 2008; accepted 13 January 2009     

Periodic acid oxidation of the steroid 11β-hydroxyl group

Zusammenfassung Die 11-Hydroxylgruppe im Steroidmolekül kann selektiv mit Perjodsäure oxydiert werden. Ihre Oxydationsgeschwindigkeit wurde von der Gegenwart substituierender Gruppen im Molekül beeinflusst.     

RNA干扰CD133基因对结肠癌干细胞生物学行为的影响

目的探讨CD133基因表达、活化被阻断后对结肠癌干细胞生物学行为的影响。方法从EpcAMhighCD44＋结肠癌干细胞中流式分选获得CD133＋细胞,感染LV-CD133shRNA载体慢病毒后观察CD133＋结肠癌干细胞在生长方式、成球能力、克隆形成率、成瘤能力以及ABCC2mRNA的变化;Westernblot分析CD133-细胞中CD133蛋白表达情况。结果EpcAMhighCD44＋结肠癌干细胞中CD133＋细胞比例为89．2％。实验组经过LV-CD133shRNA载体病毒感染后,在干细胞养液中细胞改悬浮生长的方式为贴壁生长,不能形成细胞球。MTT法测定发现细胞增殖减慢,克隆形成率明显下降。将感染细胞移植在Balb／C裸鼠体内,在观察期间,感染LV—CD133shRNA载体病毒的CD133＋细胞无肿瘤形成。ABCG2mRNA表达水平明显降低（P〈0．01）。从EpcAMhighCD44＋结肠癌干细胞中流式分选获得CD133-细胞,其中也有CD133蛋白的表达。结论CD133维持结肠癌干细胞生物学特性。     

Selektive Ionenaustauscher für Fe3+1

Résumé Les acides hydroxamiques de deux échangeurs d'ions — sur base d'acide acrylique et sur base d'acide pectique — ont été préparés. Ils sont sélectifs pour Fe³⁺.

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4. Mitteilung über Ionenaustauscher.     

漫透射光谱电化学研究活菌细胞色素c蛋白介导的胞外电子传递过程

微生物膜蛋白(细胞色素c)介导的微生物胞外电子传递过程,是元素生物地球化学循环、微生物修复、微生物燃料电池等领域的研究热点与重要科学问题.阐明细胞色素c的氧化还原变化规律是从分子层面解析该过程的基础.然而,由于技术手段限制,活菌细胞色素c氧化态和还原态的含量及其电位难以同时测定,其氧化还原状态的变化规律仍知之甚少.本文构建了漫透射光谱电化学联用装置,原位测试了活菌细胞色素c及电子受体的氧化态和还原态含量变化,并同时在线监测了反应体系的氧化还原电位值,从而实现了实测电位与各反应物计算电位之间相互关系的系统研究.结合动力学与热力学的分析,定量阐明了细胞色素c所处的氧化还原状态因电子受体的电位不同而发生变化的规律;解释了不同电子受体存在时,细胞色素c所处的平衡状态截然不同的原因.该技术手段在活菌层面实现了细胞色素c蛋白的动力学与热力学分析,可为胞外电子传递微观机制的研究提供新的方法与理论基础.     

极小(C_4,K_5;11)-平面图

若n阶平面图G的任一子图都不与H_1同构,且G的任一子图都不与H_2同构,则G称为(H_1,H_2;n)-平面图;平面Ramsey数指不存在(H_1,H_2;n)-平面图的最小n。本文利用对称性及反证等方法,得到了所有的极小(C_4,K_5;11)-平面图,有助于证明平面Ramsey数。     

慢性酒精性胰腺炎中CD14、TLR4、TNFα的表达

目的 研究酒精性慢性胰腺炎组织中白细胞分化抗原14(CD14)、钟样受体4(TLR4)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNFα)的表达,探讨酒精性慢性胰腺炎的发病机制.方法 24只1月龄雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、脂多糖组、酒精组、酒精联合脂多糖组(以下简称联合组)各6只.酒精组和联合组饲以25％酒精,饮酒12用后联合组和脂多糖组,反复腹腔注射脂多糖2 mg/kg·w,共4次.用免疫组化及RT-PCR检测CD14、TLR4、TNF在各组的表达.结果 酒精组CD14、TLR4和TNF表达较对照组和脂多糖组增加(P＜0.05),联合组CD14、TLR4和TNF表达较对照组、脂多糖组明显增加(P＜0.01),较酒精组增加(P＜0.05).结论 酒精性慢性胰腺炎组织中CD14、TLR4和TNF表达增加,脂多糖通路可能参与了慢性胰腺炎发生发展.     

磁介导功能型纳米粒子在铁支架表面定向捕获CD34阳性细胞

构建内皮祖细胞捕获支架是目前心血管疾病治疗的一个研究热点.利用磁性纳米粒子捕获内皮祖细胞也越来越受到关注,但是单纯的磁性纳米粒子和磁场源地作用相对微弱,本研究引入铁支架作为另一磁响应源,共同作用来提高纳米粒子表面捕获率.首先利用CD34抗体构建了一种定向捕获CD34阳性细胞的功能型磁性纳米粒子,再利用外加磁场将其归巢到铁支架表面.FTIR和TEM结果表明CD34抗体已成功接枝到双羧基PEG包裹的Fe_3O_4纳米粒子上,体外细胞评价证实该纳米粒子不具有细胞毒性.体内动物实验结果表明该Fe_3O_4-PEG@CD34纳米粒子能够特异性识别捕获CD34阳性细胞,并且在外加磁场的作用下能够将其快速归巢到铁支架表面,这为实现支架表面快速内皮化提供了可能.     

靶向CD133的RNA干扰对人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞的生长抑制作用

目的利用RNA干扰技术下调SMMC-7721肝癌细胞中CD133的表达,观察其在肝癌细胞增殖和侵袭方面的作用.方法构建CD133特异性的siRNA真核表达载体,转染SMMC-7721肝癌细胞并筛选出稳定表达siRNA的转染克隆;应用RT-PCR和Western blot检测CD133 mRNA和蛋白的表达;流式细胞仪检...