同声传译中的噪音类别和处理策略探究

指出噪音是信息传递过程中必然出现的现象,同声传译作为传递信息的跨文化交际活动,也不可避免地存在噪音。分析同传译员所面对的噪音根据性质的不同可分为物理噪音、生理噪音、心理噪音和文化噪音四种,并有针对性地提出运用信息和语言噪音过滤、肢体语言过滤、心理噪音过滤、文化噪音过滤等方法对噪音进行有效过滤,从而保证同声传译工作准确高效地进行。     

用于语音识别的基于高谱分辨率的谱减法

提出了一种新的基于高谱分辨率的谱减法,通常噪音帧和带噪语音帧具有相同的长度且都是短时帧,对短的噪音帧和带噪语音帧做傅立叶变换得到的谱分辨率低导致谱减法性能下降严重。基于平稳或接近于平稳的背景噪音下合并所有噪音帧再做傅立叶变换以提高噪音帧的谱分辨率;通过对带噪语音信号在时域进行前向和后向的延拓再做傅立叶变换以提高带噪语音信号的谱分辨率,在有效抑制噪音的同时减少了语音谱的失真并提高了系统识别率。     

变频器噪音抑制在工业中的实现

变频器在工业生产中的应用越来越广泛,其干扰问题日益引起人们的重视。本文主要介绍变频器的外来噪音干扰及变频器本身噪音的产生,干扰方式,以及在工业生产中对这些噪音抑制常用的对策。     

病变语音信号的谐波噪声比分析

文章介绍了用噪音中谐波分量一噪声分量的比值来客观定量地评估桑音嘶哑程度的方法，并对提取谐波噪声比（ＨＮＲ）的具体算法做了分析讨论，实验和临床使用表明，这个声学参数能够很好地反映了病变语音的特性，具有重要的应用价值。     

稳态与瞬态噪音,振动检测分析系统

本系统主要是针对稳态与瞬态噪音、振动信号采集分析工作而研制。通过综合利用计算机、电子、力学、信号分析等多项学科领域的先进技术，系统设计者实现了获取各种工程问题中噪音及振动方面的技术参数，进行噪音、振动信号检测分析的工作目标，系统在设计思想、实现功能、产品性能等各方面均具有一定的先进性和实用性。     

基于归一化算法的噪音鲁棒性连续语音识别

针对归一化方法在连续语音特征曲线调整时存在的问题, 提出一种优化解决方案, 解决了噪声的不稳定性及不可预测性对语音特征的影响. 结果表明, 基于该优化方法建立的鲁棒性连续语音识别模型可实现在实验室干净环境和现实噪音环境下同时得到较好的识别结果.     

电机噪音的分析与降低技术

电机的噪音研究涉及了电磁、机械振动、物理声学、数学等许多学科,并且电机本身结构的复杂性也加大了研究的困难。本文主要对电机噪音的形成原因进行分类,并对主要噪音降低技术进行了分析论述。     

关于变压器噪音的分析及其降低方法

本文分析了变压器噪音产生的根源，叙述了降低噪音的主要途径和措施，并对降低噪音与节能的关系作了简要的论述。     

噪音污染治理问题与控制技术的探讨

现代城市环境污染之一——噪音污染,随着城市建设的不断发展,噪音污染也日趋严重,商业、施工、生活、交通以俨然是噪音的主要来源。噪音不仅影响人们的正常生活,也使人们的身体健康受到了损害。本文以噪音污染的危害、控制、治理进行阐述。     

声乐演唱中的噪音保护

声乐演唱中噪音的保护是一个不容忽视的问题，在声乐训练中，由于错误的发声法，过度使用噪子以及不重视身心健康，常常会导致噪音疾病的发生，对此我们在训练中应对症下药，使噪音永葆艺术的青春。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the