一种压控石英晶体振荡器电路的设计

分析了压控石英晶体振荡器（VCXO）的原理、设计特点,设计了一个集成的VCXO驱动电路,该部分电路主要包括一个频率控制电路和一个自动增益控制电路,可以在芯片外部器件的共同作用下对石英晶体振荡器进行实时频率控制和振幅调整。设计的VCXO能输出高稳定渡、振幅恒定的时钟信号。     

自动幅度控制电路在射频CMOS电感电容振荡器中的应用及原理分析

分析推导了互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)电感电容振荡器的电压振荡幅度与相位噪声的关系.采用自动幅度控制电路控制射频CMOS电感电容振荡器,在0.18μm CMOS工艺下进行Candence SpectreRF仿真,在3.4 GHZ时,1MHz频偏处相位噪声最差值采用自动幅度控制电路为-113.3dBc/Hz,不采用自动幅度控制电路为-105.1dBe/Hz.在不同频率下对振荡器相位噪声仿真结果表明,当频率变化从3.16-3.4 GHz时,采用自动幅度控制电路的相位噪声都低于不采用自动幅度控制电路的相位噪声.由此得出通过控制振荡器振动振幅,提高品质因数,可以降低振荡器相位噪声.     

压控振荡器型超声电机控制电路设计

超声电机是一种基于压电陶瓷逆压电效应的新型电机。设计了一种超声电机控制电路。该控制电路使用压控振荡器作为信号源,产生频率可变的基准方波信号,占空比为20%,频率范围为80K~400K,频率可由电路反馈回来的电压调节。通过分频分相电路将信号四分频,将基准频率的信号生成四路时间上互差90°的方波信号,频率为20K~100K。该电路使超声电机控制器体积大大减小。     

一种改进的双控制通路锁相环

提出一种改进的双控制通路锁相环结构。改进锁相环的两个控制通路有不同的压控振荡器增益。其中, 粗调节通路的压控振荡器增益较大, 用来调节锁相环的输 出频率范围; 细调节通路的压控振荡器增益较小, 用来决定环路带宽, 同时优化锁相环的抖动特性。电路芯片采用SMIC 0. 18 μm CMOS Logic 工艺加工。后仿真结果表明该锁相环的输出频率范围为600 MHz到1. 6GHz, 并有良好的抖动特性。     

应用于IMT-A和UWB系统的双频段开关电流源压控振荡器设计

采用TSMC 0.13μm CMOS工艺设计了一款宽带电感电容压控振荡器(LC-VCO).LC-VCO采用互补型负阻结构,输出信号对称性较好,可以获得更好的相位噪声性能.为达到宽的调谐范围,核心电路采用4 bit可重构的开关电容调谐阵列以降低调谐电路增益,并使用可变电容在每段开关电容子频带上实现调谐.此外,压控振荡器的设计采用了开关电流源、开关交叉耦合对和噪声滤波等技术,以优化电路的相位噪声、功耗、振荡幅度等性能.整个芯片(包括焊盘)面积为1.11 mm×0.98 mm.测试结果表明,在1.2 V电源电压下,UWB和IMT-A频段上压控振荡器所消耗的电流分别为3.0和5.6 mA,压控振荡器的调谐范围为3.86～5.28和3.14～3.88GHz.在振荡频率3.534和4.155 GHz上,1 MHz频偏处,压控振荡器的相位噪声分别为-122和-119 dBc/Hz.     

一种基于电磁带隙谐振结构的K波段压控振荡器

报道一种工作在K 波段的压控振荡器的设计和性能。该压控振荡器采用基于pHEMT 工艺的有源器件, 用紧凑的边缘通孔电磁带隙谐振结构替代传统的谐振电路, 实现压控振荡器的小型化。测试结果表明, 该电路工作频段为 22.9~25.6 GHz, 在 23.6 GHz的最大输出功率为 10.4 dBm, 且在24~25.6 GHz 频段的输出功率平坦度小于 1 dB。在偏离载频 1 MHz处测得的压控振荡器相位噪声约为?95 dBc/Hz。整体电路面积为 17 mm×7.5 mm。     

一种基于电磁带隙谐振结构的K波段压控振荡器(英文)

报道一种工作在K波段的压控振荡器的设计和性能。该压控振荡器采用基于pHEMT工艺的有源器件,用紧凑的边缘通孔电磁带隙谐振结构替代传统的谐振电路,实现压控振荡器的小型化。测试结果表明,该电路工作频段为22.9~25.6 GHz,在23.6 GHz的最大输出功率为10.4 dBm,且在24~25.6 GHz频段的输出功率平坦度小于1 dB。在偏离载频1 MHz处测得的压控振荡器相位噪声约为95 dBc/Hz。整体电路面积为17 mm×7.5 mm。     

一种线性化轨对轨调节压控振荡器设计

为了解决控制电压范围小、调谐增益过大导致压控振荡器（voltage controlled oscillator, VCO）对控制线噪声抗干扰能力弱的问题，设计了一种高度线性化轨对轨频率调节的压控振荡器。采用SMIC 0.18μm CMOS工艺，设计了电压转电流电路实现控制电压与电流饥渴型振荡器尾电流的轨到轨线性转化，进而实现振荡频率的轨到轨线性调节；并且利用缓冲器优化振荡波形以适应锁相环系统应用。Cadence Spectre仿真结果表明，振荡器在1.8 V的轨对轨控制电压范围内都具有很好的线性，调谐增益为183 MHz/V，频率范围为0.89～1.22 GHz，中心频率1.06 GHz，功耗仅有227.8μW。本文设计适用于锁相环的集成应用，可为压控振荡器的设计提供支持。     

优化耦合方式的低相位噪声宽带正交压控振荡器设计

本文对传统正交压控振荡器(QVCO)耦合方式进行了改进,提出了在耦合管的源端引入相移网络的方法,从而改善了QVCO电路的相位噪声性能以及减小输出相位失配,并依此设计了一个低相位噪声,输出相位关系稳定的宽带正交压控振荡器.QVCO电路采用TSMC 0.13 μm CMOS工艺进行设计,输出频率范围为3.4～5.48 GHz,即调谐范围达46.8%.测试表明,输出频率4.2 GHz时在频偏1 MHz处,相位噪声为-120 dBc/Hz.在整个输出频率范围内电路FOM值介于179.5～185.2 dB,电路功耗为7.68～18mW.     

基于MOS电容的压控振荡器设计

传统的环形压控振荡器通常是利用控制电阻的方式来达到压控振荡的效果。文章利用容性耦合电流放大器作为压控振荡器的基本反馈单元,并在输出端增加MOS电容来控制振荡频率;分析了利用饱和区的MOS电容特性来实现压控的方法,并采用Smartspice软件和0.6μm CMOS工艺参数对该压控振荡器进行了模拟;结果表明,这种方法对电路的静态工作点影响很小,输出交流波形的频率稳定度高,有良好的线性调谐特性,达到了预期的效果。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-