抗车辙剂和SBS对热拌沥青混合料高温与低温性能的影响

车辙和开裂是沥青路面的主要病害形式,采用外加剂改善沥青路面的高温与低温性能是防治车辙和开裂的主要措施.本文在不同温度、不同含量抗车辙剂和SBS改性剂试验条件下,采用连续密级配(AC-13、AC-16)和间断级配(SMA-13、SMA-16)两类级配进行高温车辙和低温小梁弯曲试验,对沥青混合料高温和低温性能的影响进行评价.试验结果表明:沥青混合料中添加0.4%抗车辙剂或5%SBS改性剂时,其高温和低温稳定性表现最佳.其中,0.4%抗车辙剂在改善沥青混合料高温变形能力方面优于5%SBS改性剂,而在改善低温抗裂性方面效果不及后者.间断级配沥青混合料的高温稳定性与低温抗裂性优于连续密级配沥青混合料.     

基于动态蠕变试验的复合改性沥青混合料高温性能研究

为了研究PB改性剂对沥青混合料高温抗车辙性能的影响,本文对常见的沥青混合料进行动态蠕变试验来评价沥青混合料高温性能。试验结果表明,PB改性剂可以有效地提高沥青混合料的抗永久变形能力,减缓蠕变变形的发展速度,从而提高沥青混合料的高温抗车辙性能。     

硅藻土负载环氧改性沥青混合料性能试验研究

针对沥青与环氧树脂相容性较差问题,利用大孔隙结构硅藻土负载环氧树脂,使得环氧树脂能够均匀分散到沥青中,制备出性能优异的硅藻土负载环氧改性沥青。对比测试了硅藻土负载环氧改性沥青和日本(TAF)环氧改性沥青在相同级配和试验条件下制成的环氧沥青混合料的相关路用性能试验。试验结果表明:硅藻土负载环氧改性沥青混合料具有优异的高温稳定性,与TAF混合料的高温稳定性基本相同。硅藻土负载环氧改性沥青混合料低温性能较差,低温抗弯拉强度较TAF混合料小近30%,最大弯拉应变与TAF混合料也有差距。硅藻土负载环氧改性沥青混合料具有较好的抗水损能力,浸水马歇尔残留稳定度值远大于普通沥青混合料,与TAF混合料相比差异不大。硅藻土负载环氧改性沥青混合料与TAF混合料的渗透系数相同,沥青种类对混合料排水性能影响不大;在排水性超薄沥青磨耗粘结层混合料配合比下,设计目标空隙率应不少于17%,如果在降雨量较大地区,可适当提高混合料目标空隙率。     

温拌沥青混合料路用性能研究

采用马歇尔试验法对温拌沥青混合料组成进行设计,并通过车辙试验、浸水马歇尔试验、弯曲试验和疲劳试验,研究温拌沥青混合料的路用性能。结果表明:温拌改性剂掺量对沥青性能有显著影响,改性剂最佳掺量为2.5%~3.0%;温拌沥青混合料具有良好的高温稳定性、水稳定性、低温抗裂性和抗疲劳性,温拌改性剂能显著提高混合料的高温稳定性和抗疲劳性,但混合料水稳定性和低温抗裂性略有降低。     

ERA/WCO复合改性沥青及沥青混合料高低温性能

为探索欧洲岩沥青(European Rock Asphalt, ERA)和废食用油(Waste Cooking Oil, WCO)对沥青及沥青混合料性能的影响,应用黏度和DSR试验研究改性沥青的高温性能,应用BBR试验探索沥青在低温状态下的性能表现.此外,进行了马歇尔试验、车辙试验以及低温劈裂试验以评估改性剂对沥青混合料路用性能的影响.试验结果表明：ERA可显著地提升沥青的车辙因子,WCO可提升沥青的低温蠕变速率,表明ERA有利于沥青的高温性能,WCO可有效改善沥青在低温条件下的应力消散能力.此外,WCO还有助于提升沥青的抗疲劳性能.沥青混合料试验和沥青试验所得结论具有一致性,掺入ERA后,沥青混合料的马歇尔稳定度和动稳定度都显著提高,随着WCO的掺入,低温劈裂强度有所提升,表明沥青混合料的高温性能和低温性能都得到了提升.综上,为使沥青和沥青混合料均衡高温和低温两方面的优越性能,建议ERA/WCO复合改性沥青的最佳掺量为18%ERA+4%WCO.     

废旧橡胶粉改性沥青混合料路用性能测试

为了有效利用废旧轮胎,采用3种不同剂量的橡胶粉(CR10、CR15、CR20)作为改性剂,以AH-90为基质沥青,探讨其物理和动态流变特性.矿料级配采用AC-16型,通过选料、制备橡胶沥青混合料及路用沥青混凝土低温、高温性能和水稳定性的测试.试验表明:橡胶粉的加入有效提高了沥青高温性能、水稳定性和低温性能,综合得出:CR15改性沥青混合料具有更好的路用性能.     

PE和SBS复合改性沥青混合料路用性能

以AH 70号沥青作为基质沥青,选用聚乙烯(PE)添加剂和聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-聚苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)作为改性剂制备高模量沥青和高模量沥青混合料,通过车辙试验、动态蠕变试验、浸水马歇尔试验和低温小梁弯曲试验等室内试验,测试和评价沥青混合料的路用性能,并分析PE和SBS改性剂对混合料性能的影响。研究结果表明:PE和SBS复合改性后,沥青混合料的高温性能、力学性能和抗水损害能力有较大提高,而低温性能和抗疲劳性能有所降低;随着SBS和PE掺加量的增加,其对混合料路用性能的影响逐渐减弱,在实际应用中,PE和SBS适宜的总掺加量质量分数为10.0%(5.5%PE+4.5%SBS)。     

掺加纳米改性剂的沥青与温拌混合料的性能

由于温拌沥青混合料的施工温度低,矿料内部的水分蒸发速度慢,混合料存在水损害隐患。需要在沥青中添加一定剂量的集料改性剂,以提高温拌沥青混合料的抗水损害性能。通过试验评价了添加纳米改性剂的沥青与混合料的路用性能。结果表明,添加纳米改性剂后,提高了沥青的高温稳定性、抗老化疲劳性、低温抗裂性等路用性能;而且,能降低沥青高温时的黏度,有利于施工。研究成果对减少温拌沥青混合料的早期病害具有重要的指导意义。     

离子型聚合物改性沥青混合料性能分析

为提升沥青混合料的路用性能及自愈性能,选用离子型聚合物乙烯—甲基丙烯酸甲酯(EMAA)和SBS分别作为愈合剂和改性剂,制备EMAA/SBS改性沥青混合料。采用高温性能试验、小梁弯曲试验、耐久性试验以及自愈性能试验,评价了EMAA/SBS改性沥青混合料的路用性能和自愈性能。结果表明:EMAA/SBS改性沥青混合料的高温稳定性、耐久性和自愈性能均优于SBS改性沥青混合料和基质沥青混合料,而EMAA/SBS改性沥青混合料的低温抗裂性略低于SBS改性沥青混合料,但仍能满足规范中要求。由此可见,EMAA可显著改善SBS改性沥青混合料除低温抗裂性外的路用性能和自愈性能,可将其应用于沥青路面中。     

不同级配复合改性沥青混合料路用性能

为研究不同级配对复合改性沥青混合料路用性能的影响,在AC-13型连续级配、SMA-13型间断级配和半间断级配三种级配中以干拌法分别加入抗车辙剂/新型橡胶粉复合改性剂,并对不同级配和改性剂掺量下的沥青混合料进行了高温车辙试验、低温小梁弯曲试验、浸水马歇尔试验和冻融劈裂试验。试验结果表明:抗车辙剂和新型橡胶粉的加入能够显著改善沥青混合料的高低温性能和水稳定性能,在高温性能和水稳定性方面,半间断级配下掺入复合改性剂的沥青混合料性能提升最高、AC-13连续级配次之、SMA-13间断级配相对最差;在低温性能方面,SMA-13间断级配相对最好,但是半间断级配和AC-13连续级配与其相比相差很小。最后推荐半间断级配为最优级配,其最优改性剂掺量为0. 4%抗车辙剂/1. 5%新型橡胶粉。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with