Ecdysteroids in the larvae of Opogona sacchari （Bojer）, a invasive alien pest

In order to understand the composition and quantitative variation of ecdysteriods in the larvae of Opogona sacchari (Bojer), a invasive alien pest, we analyzed the larval ecdysteroid composition and titers in this pest. The main component of ecdysteriods in the larvae of O. sacchari is 20-hydroxyecdysone, and also there is a little 26-hydroxyecdysone. The titer of ecdysteriods in the larvae from the 1st instar to the 7th instar was gotten higher gradually compared on ng ecdyster-oid/larva, but no regularity could be found about the titer if compared on ng ecdysteroid/g avoirdupois. There was only one peak of ecdysteroids (0.5475 ng/larva) showed at day 2 during the developmental time of the 6th instar larvae. However, there were two peaks appearing during the developmental time of the 7th instar larvae , one peak (0.29415 ng/larva) at day 3, another (0.214 ng/larva) at day 5.     

Predicting the potential distribution of invasive exotic species using GIS and information-theoretic approaches： A case of ragweed （Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.） distribution in China

Invasive exotic species pose a growing threat to the economy,public health,and ecological integrity of nations worldwide. Explaining and predicting the spatial distribution of invasive exotic species is of great importance to prevention and early warning efforts. We are investigating the potential distribution of invasive exotic species,the environmental factors that influence these distributions,and the ability to predict them using statistical and information-theoretic approaches. For some species,detailed presence/absence occurrence data are available,allowing the use of a variety of standard statistical techniques. However,for most species,absence data are not available. Presented with the challenge of developing a model based on presence-only information,we developed an improved logistic regres-sion approach using Information Theory and Frequency Statistics to produce a relative suitability map. This paper generated a variety of distributions of ragweed(Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) from logistic regression models applied to herbarium specimen location data and a suite of GIS layers including climatic,topographic,and land cover information. Our logistic regression model was based on Akaike's Information Criterion(AIC) from a suite of ecologically reasonable predictor variables. Based on the results we provided a new Frequency Statistical method to compartmentalize habitat-suitability in the native range. Finally,we used the model and the compartmentalized criterion developed in native ranges to “project” a potential distribution onto the exotic ranges to build habitat-suitability maps.     

A new fossil genus of Mesosciophilidae （Diptera, Nematocera） with two new species from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China

A new genus within the family Mesosciophilidae,Jurasciophila gen.nov.,with two new species,J.curvula gen.et sp.nov.and J.lepida gen.et sp.nov.,are described and illustrated.They are established based on fossil specimens with bodies and complete wings.All of them were collected from the late Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of Daohugou in southeastern Inner Mongolia,China.Comparing with two known genera,Mesosciophilina (Kovalev,1985) and Mesosciophilopsis (Blagoderov,1994),the new genus has transitional characters.The distribution pattern of Mesosciophilidae is briefly discussed.     

A new species of Gobiconodon （Triconodonta, Mammalia） and its implication for the age of Jehol Biota

A new species of Gobiconodon is found from the Yixian Formation of western Liaonlng, China. The new taxa,G zofiae sp. nov., has a confluent opening for branches Ⅱand Ⅲ of the trigeminal nerve on the anterior lamina of the petrosal. G zofiae sp. nov. is similar to Repenomamus in having an ossified Meckel‘s cartilage connecting the lower jaws and ear region. The new species, with enlarged I^1/I1, posteriorly located infraorbital foramen and four mental foramina,distinctly differs from the other species of Gobiconodon. The new material indicates that Gobiconodon has four, not five,upper molariforms. The presence of Gobiconodon in Jchol Biota makes it possible to correlate Jehol Biota with faunas in eastern Asia and North America, and suggests the age of the Yixian Formation to be Early Cretaceous.     

A new section of Kaili Formation （Cambrian） and a biostratigraphic study of the boundary interval across the undefined Cambrian Series 2 and Series 3 at Jianshan,Jianhe County,China with a discussion of global correlation based on the first appearance datum of Oryctocephalus indicus （Reed, 1910）

A trilobite biostratigraphic study of a new section of the Kaili Formation at Jianshan, Chuandong Village, Jianhe County, Guizhou is reported. Additional occurrences of key species associated with the Ovatoryctocara granulata-Bathynotus holopygus Zone and the overlying Oryctocephalus indicus Zone that were originally defined from the trilobite assemblages at the WuliuZengjiayan section of the Kaili are reported from this new section. The first appearance datum （FAD） of Oryctocephalus indicus occurs at the 44.52 m above the base of the unit. Based on study of abundant specimens （n = 800） from the Kaili Formation, we argue that Oryctocephalus indicus is a widespread taxon with a global distribution. O. reticulatus （Lermontova, 1940） from the middle part of the Kounamkites Zone of the Amganian Stage in the Molodo River region of Siberia and O. americanus （Sundberg and McCollum, 2003） from Nevada, North America are similar to representatives of O. indicus which occur in the O. indicus Zone of the Kaili Formation. O. reticulatus and O. americanus are here synonymized with O. indicus （Reed, 1910）. This study strengthens the Wuliu-Zengjiayan section of the Kaili Formation as a candidate section for a Global Stratotype for the base of the unnamed Cambrian Series 3.     

Genetic analysis and gene mapping of leafy head （lhd）, a mutant blocking the differen-tiation of rachis branches in rice （Oryza sativa L.）

Flowers, fruits and seeds are products of plant re- productive development and provide the important sources of foods for humans. Therefore, the moleculargenetic mechanisms of floral development have been ahotspot of research of plant developmental biology[1]. Rice is one of the most important staple food crops. Theoutcome of its reproductive development would determine the yield and quality of grains. Rice is also a model plantof cereals. Hence, the study of rice reproductivedevelopment, esp…     

Development of a new method for analyzing free aluminum ions （Al3＋） in seafood using HPLC-ICP-MS

This paper presents a novel method for simultaneous online examination of free aluminum ions （Al3＋） in seafood, using solid- phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography online with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （SPE- HPLC-ICP-MS）, without post-column reaction. The optimum conditions for chromatographic separation of Al3＋ were achieved using an IonPac CS5A analytical column with an IonPac CG5A guard column. The mobile phase consisted of 0.040 mol/L LiOH, 0.0060 mol/L 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, and 0.090 mol/L CH3COOH （pH 4.7）. The free Al3＋ ions in seafood were extracted by shaking with the mobile phase at 70℃ for 2 h. SPE was conducted using an Oasis MCX, 3cc/60 mg, 30 μm column, which was activated and equilibrated with 2 mL of methanol and 4 mL of deionized water before use. HCl （0.075 mol/L, 2 mL） was used to wash inorganic Al from the SPE column. The standard recoveries of Al3＋ were all above 89% and the relative standard deviations were all below 5%. The proposed method was successfully used for the examination of Al3＋ in seafood samples, and the results were similar to those obtained using the static equilibrium method.     

Genetic and physical finemapping of the Sc locus conferring indica-japonica hybrid sterility in rice （Oryza sativa L.）

Hybrid sterility is a major hindrance to utilizing the heterosis in indica-japonica hybrids. To isolate a gene Sc conferring the hybrid sterility, the locus was mapped using molecular markers and an F2 population derived from a cross between near isogenic lines. A primary linkage analysis showed that Sc was linked closely with 4 markers on chromosome 3, on which the genetic distance between a marker RG227 and Sc was 0.07 cM. Chromosome walking with a rice TAC genomic library was carried out using RG227 as a starting probe, and a contig of ca. 320 kb covering the Sc locus was constructed. Two TAC clones, M45EI4 and M90J01 that might cover the Sc locus, were partially sequenced. By searching the rice sequence databases with sequences of the TACs and RG227 a japonica rice BAC sequence, OSJNBb0078P24 was identified. By comparing the TAC and BAC sequences, six new PCR-based markers were developed. With these markers the Sc locus was further mapped to a region of 46 kb. The results suggest that the BAC OSJNBb0078P24 and TAC M45EI4 contain the Sc gene. Six ORFs were predicted in the focused 46-kb region.     

中国新记录的辉蛾科及蔗扁蛾的新结构(鳞翅目:谷蛾总科)

辉蛾科是中国新记录的小蛾类,代表种是国外传入的重要害虫—蔗扁蛾Opogona sacchari (Bojer),在北京发现为害巴西木等名贵观赏植物。分类鉴定中发现一些新的特征结构,结合科属和此种的记述,在此一并介绍。     

蔗扁蛾生物学及温度对发育的影响

蔗扁蛾Opogonasacchari(Bojer)是一种新入侵我国的食性复杂的观赏性植物的危险性害虫.在实验条件下观察了实验种群的生活史、发育历期、存活率、产卵量、寿命与温度的关系.结果表明温度明显影响发育.卵、幼虫、蛹和世代的发育起点分别为(11.2±3.54),(8.8±1.39),(10.97±1.40)和(11.1±1.8)℃.有效积温分别为75.4,729,206和876.5日度.在15,20,24,28,30和33℃,相对湿度75%条件下下卵历期13,7,4.3,4,5和5d.幼虫的存活率分别为38%,46%,37%,44%,40%和0,33℃下幼虫不能完成发育.幼虫发育期为(141.4±10.2),(63.4±2.4),(47.6±2.5),(32.9±1.9),(35.5±1.6)d.蛹的发育期为(44±3.7),(21.7±3.1),(15.1±2.1),(10.9±1.4)和(12.8±5.2)d.在上述温度下成虫平均寿命随温度升高而下降,雌成虫寿命为2.7～15.7d,雄成虫寿命为1.5～12.6d.     

哈尔滨高粱田高粱蚜捕食性天敌昆虫群落结构研究

为明确高粱田中高粱蚜[Melanaphis sacchari(Zehntner)]捕食性天敌昆虫的群落结构,对高粱蚜捕食性天敌昆虫的种类及数量进行了调查.结果发现:哈尔滨高粱蚜捕食性天敌昆虫共11种,隶属4目5科,主要优势种为龟纹瓢虫(Propylea japonica)、异色瓢虫(Harmonia axyridis)、中华草蛉(Chrysopa sinica),是高粱蚜发生期的主要控制因素,物种均匀度、丰富度、多样性指数均表现为增加趋势,物种优势度、优势集中性均表现为降低趋势.     

柞蚕蛹综合利用技术

详细介绍了柞蚕蛹综合利用技术的生产工艺及生产工艺的主要特点,分析了目前蚕蛹综合利用存在的问题,并对开发前景进行了展望。     

蚕蛹综合开发现状与技术

对我国蚕丝业主要副产品蚕蛹的化学组成、综合开发的意义、现状和可开发的蚕蛹产品及其作用进行了全面分析 ;介绍了目前蚕蛹综合开发生产的主要技术特点和各类蚕蛹产品工业化生产的工艺流程 ,展望了蚕蛹资源综合开发利用的产业化发展前景 .     

家蝇蛹血淋巴抗菌活性的诱导及相关蛋白/多肽的表达规律

对家蝇蛹血淋巴的抗菌活性进行了诱导，并用统计学逐步回归的方法和多项式回归的方法确定了抗菌相关蛋白／多肽，研究了其表达规律。结果表明，针刺、带菌针刺和超声波均能诱导家蝇蛹产生抗G^ 球菌的物质，而对G^-杆菌无效。在分子量低于18000的蛋白／多肽中，有两种物质（R5、R6）对抑菌活性有显著影响，它们的表观分子量分别在12000和7650左右，这两种蛋白／多肽均在诱导下表达。其中，R6对抑菌活性有极显著正贡献，而R5对抑菌活性有显著负贡献，推测R5为细胞生长促进因子。     

思茅松毛虫越冬幼虫和蛹的空间分布及抽样技术研究

１９９１－１９９２年，在江西大岗山长埠林场的晚松「Ｐｉｎｕｓ ｒｉｇｉｄａ Ｍｉｌｌ．ｂａｒ ｓｅｔｏｔｉｎａ（Ｍｉｃｈｘ。）Ｌｏｎｄ．ｅｘ Ｈｏｏｐｅｓ」人工纯中，设立了６块标准地，对思茅松毛虫越冬幼虫和蛹的空间分布型及抽样技术进行了研究。结果表明，思茅松毛虫越冬幼虫和蛹呈聚集分布。     

麦鞘毛眼水蝇幼虫和蛹的空间分布及抽样技术的初步研究

应用随机抽样法,查明麦鞘毛眼水蝇(Hydrellia chinensis Qi et Li)幼虫和蛹在青稞田内的空间分布为聚集分布,以个体群的形式存在;提出了用旗叶叶鞘代替整株叶鞘以减少2/3剥查工作量的方法;当l=1,D=0.1、0.15和0.2时,虫口密度所需最大抽样株数分别为N=+9.3,N=+4.1329,N=+2.325;当m_0=3,时序贯抽样的上下界T(n)=3n±3.5466