具有良好可再生性的新型二氧化硅磁性氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料

Graphene oxide (GO) wrapped Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by coating the Fe₃O₄ NPs with a SiO₂ layer, and then modifying by amino groups, which interact with the GO nanosheets to form covalent bonding. The SiO₂ coating layer plays a key role in integrating the magnetic nanoparticles with the GO nanosheets. The effect of the amount of SiO₂ on the morphology, structure, adsorption, and regenerability of the composites was studied in detail. An appropriate SiO₂ layer can effectively induce the GO nanosheets to completely wrap the Fe₃O₄ NPs, forming a core-shell Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@GO composite where Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ NPs are firmly encapsulated by GO nanosheets. The optimized Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@GO sample exhibits a high saturated adsorption capacity of 253 mg·g?1 Pb(II) cations from wastewater, and the adsorption process is well fitted by Langmuir adsorption model. Notably, the composite displays excellent regeneration, maintaining a ~90% adsorption capacity for five cycles, while other samples decrease their adsorption capacity rapidly. This work provides a theoretical guidance to improve the regeneration of the GO-based adsorbents.     

微波预处理对复杂铜矿磨矿及浮选动力学的影响

The effect of CaCO₃, Na₂CO₃, and CaF₂ on the reduction roasting and magnetic separation of high-phosphorus iron ore containing phosphorus in the form of Fe₃PO₇ and apatite was investigated. The results revealed that Na₂CO₃ had the most significant effect on iron recovery and dephosphorization, followed by CaCO₃, the effect of CaF₂ was negligible. The mechanisms of CaCO₃, Na₂CO₃, and CaF₂ were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM–EDS). Without additives, Fe₃PO₇ was reduced to elemental phosphorus and formed an iron–phosphorus alloy with metallic iron. The addition of CaCO₃ reacted with Fe₃PO₇ to generate an enormous amount of Ca₃(PO₄)₂ and promoted the reduction of iron oxides. However, the growth of iron particles was inhibited. With the addition of Na₂CO₃, the phosphorus in Fe₃PO₇ migrated to nepheline and Na₂CO₃ improved the reduction of iron oxides and growth of iron particles. Therefore, the recovery of iron and the separation of iron and phosphorus were the best. In contrast, CaF₂ reacted with Fe₃PO₇ to form fine Ca₃(PO₄)₂ particles scattered around the iron particles, making the separation of iron and phosphorus difficult.     

不同硅饱和系数水榴石的碳酸化分解动力学

Carbonated decomposition of hydrogarnet is one of the vital reactions of the calcification–carbonation method, which is designed to dispose of low-grade bauxite and Bayer red mud and is a novel eco-friendly method. In this study, the effect of the silica saturation coefficient (x) on the carbonation of hydrogarnet was investigated from the kinetic perspective. The results indicated that the carbonation of hydrogarnets with different x values (x = 0.27, 0.36, 0.70, and 0.73) underwent two stages with significantly different rates, and the kinetic mechanisms of the two stages can be described by the kinetic functions R3 and D3. The apparent activation energies at Stages 1 and 2 were 41.96–81.64 and 14.80–34.84 kJ/mol, respectively. Moreover, the corresponding limiting steps of the two stages were interfacial chemical reaction and diffusion.     

一种超重力燃烧合成制备高性能高熵合金的新方法

A new method of high-gravity combustion synthesis (HGCS) followed by post-treatment (PT) is reported for preparing high-performance high-entropy alloys (HEAs), Cr_0.9FeNi_2.5V_0.2Al_0.5 alloy, whereby cheap thermite powder is used as the raw material. In this process, the HEA melt and the ceramic melt are rapidly formed by a strong exothermic combustion synthesis reaction and completely separated under a high-gravity field. Then, the master alloy is obtained after cooling. Subsequently, the master alloy is sequentially subjected to conventional vacuum arc melting (VAM), homogenization treatment, cold rolling, and annealing treatment to realize a tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of 1250 MPa, 1075 MPa, and 2.9%, respectively. The present method is increasingly attractive due to its low cost of raw materials and the intermediate product obtained without high-temperature heating. Based on the calculation of phase separation kinetics in the high-temperature melt, it is expected that the final alloys with high performance can be prepared directly across master alloys with higher high-gravity coefficients.     

利用皮秒激光烧蚀制备非球形铝纳米颗粒

We report the picosecond laser ablation of aluminum targets immersed in a polar organic liquid (chloroform, CHCl₃) with ~2 ps laser pulses at an input energy of ~350 μJ. The synthesized aluminum nanoparticles exhibited a surface plasmon resonance peak at ~340 nm. Scanning electron microscopy images of Al nanoparticles demonstrated the spherical morphology with an average size of (27 ± 3.6) nm. The formation of smaller spherical Al nanoparticles and the diminished growth could be from the formation of electric double layers on the Al nanoparticles. In addition to spherical aluminum nanoparticles, triangular/pentagonal/hexagonal nanoparticles were also observed in the colloidal solution. Field emission scanning electron microscopy images of ablated Al targets demonstrated laser induced periodic surface structures (LIPSSs), which were the high spatial frequency LIPSSs (HSF-LIPSSs) since their grating period was ~280 nm. Additionally, coarse structures with a period of ~700 nm were observed.     

窄板坯结晶器内连铸工艺参数对钢液流场的影响

Computational simulations and high-temperature measurements of velocities near the surface of a mold were carried out by using the rod deflection method to study the effects of various operating parameters on the flow field in slab continuous casting (CC) molds with narrow widths for the production of automobile exposed panels. Reasonable agreement between the calculated results and measured subsurface velocities of liquid steel was obtained under different operating parameters of the CC process. The simulation results reveal that the flow field in the horizontal plane located 50 mm from the meniscus can be used as the characteristic flow field to optimize the flow field of molten steel in the mold. Increases in casting speed can increase the subsurface velocity of molten steel and shift the position of the vortex core downward in the downward circulation zone. The flow field of liquid steel in a 1040 mm-wide slab CC mold can be improved by an Ar gas flow rate of 7 L·min?1 and casting speed of 1.7 m·min?1. Under the present experimental conditions, the double-roll flow pattern is generally stable at a submerged entry nozzle immersion depth of 170 mm.     

电渣重熔脱硫技术研究进展

Electroslag remelting (ESR) gives a combination of liquid metal refining and solidification structure control. One of the typical aspects of liquid metal refining during ESR for the advanced steel and alloy production is desulfurization. It involves two patterns, i.e., slag–metal reaction and gas–slag reaction (gasifying desulfurization). In this paper, the advances in desulfurization practices of ESR are reviewed. The effects of processing parameters, including the initial sulfur level of consumable electrode, remelting atmosphere, deoxidation schemes of ESR, slag composition, melting rate, and electrical parameters on the desulfurization in ESR are assessed. The interrelation between desulfurization and sulfide inclusion evolution during ESR is discussed, and advancements in the production of sulfur-bearing steel at a high-sulfur level during ESR are described. The remaining challenges for future work are also proposed.     

Mineral transition and formation mechanism of calcium aluminate compounds in CaO?Al2O3?Na2O system during high-temperature sintering

The mineral transition and formation mechanism of calcium aluminate compounds in CaO?Al₂O₃?Na₂O system during the high-temperature sintering process were systematically investigated using DSC?TG, XRD, SEM?EDS, FTIR, and Raman spectra, and the crystal structure of Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀ was also simulated by Material Studio software. The results indicated that the minerals formed during the sintering process included Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀, CaO·Al₂O₃, and 12CaO·7Al₂O₃, and the content of Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀ could reach 92wt% when sintered at 1200°C for 30 min. The main formation stage of Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀ occurred at temperatures from 970 to 1100°C, and the content could reach 82wt% when the reaction temperature increased to 1100°C. The crystal system of Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀ was tetragonal, and the cells preferred to grow along crystal planes (110) and (210). The formation of Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀ was an exothermic reaction that followed a secondary reaction model, and its activation energy was 223.97 kJ/mol.     

含细夹层的分矿充填层中流动特性的可视化

Ore particles, especially fine interlayers, commonly segregate in heap stacking, leading to undesirable flow paths and changeable flow velocity fields of packed beds. Computed tomography (CT), COMSOL Multiphysics, and MATLAB were utilized to quantify pore structures and visualize flow behavior inside packed beds with segregated fine interlayers. The formation of fine interlayers was accompanied with the segregation of particles in packed beds. Fine particles reached the upper position of the packed beds during stacking. CT revealed that the average porosity of fine interlayers (24.21%) was significantly lower than that of the heap packed by coarse ores (37.42%), which directly affected the formation of flow paths. Specifically, the potential flow paths in the internal regions of fine interlayers were undeveloped. Fluid flowed and bypassed the fine interlayers and along the sides of the packed beds. Flow velocity also indicated that the flow paths easily gathered in the pore throat where flow velocity (1.8 × 10?5 m/s) suddenly increased. Fluid stagnant regions with a flow velocity lower than 0.2 × 10?5 m/s appeared in flow paths with a large diameter.     

XRF滤纸片法测定铁基样品中十种元素的方法研究

本法在Ｘ荧光光谱仪上采用滤纸片法测定样品，避免了基体效应的影响，因而可适用于多种基体的样品，扩大了分析方法的适应性。     

基于数据挖掘和网络药理学分析中药治疗痛风的用药规律及作用机制

应用数据挖掘和网络药理学技术分析中药治疗痛风的用药规律及作用机制。首先通过检索中国知网、维普数据库、万方数据库、Pubmed、中国生物医学文献数据库中关于治疗痛风的中药处方,建立中药治疗痛风方药数据库,规范中药名称后,应用 SPSS Modeler18 软件及SPSS Statistics 24 统计软件进行关联规则分析、复杂网络分析及聚类分析,并根据分析结果筛选得出治疗痛风的核心中药。在TCMSP数据库获取这些中药的活性化合物和相应作用靶点,并取这些中药与痛风的交集靶点进行蛋白质互作（PPI）分析、生物功能富集（GO）分析及相关作用通路分析。数据挖掘共纳入符合标准的处方302首,根据得到高频次中药及高置信度、高支持度中药处方,综合分析确定了茯苓、黄柏、牛膝、薏苡仁、苍术、萆薢、威灵仙、泽泻这八大治疗痛风的核心中药,并已这些中药为基础,分析了它们治疗痛风的作用机制,确定了核心作用靶点为AKT1、TNF、IL6、VEGFA、TP53、IL1B、PPARG、EGF、PTGS2（COX-2）、MMP9等,主要作用通路为癌症通路、糖尿病并发症中的AGE-RAGE信号通路、IL-17信号通路、MAPK信号通路、细胞因子-细胞因子受体相互作用通路、癌症中的转录失调通路等,主要调节过程包括白细胞介素、免疫系统中的细胞因子信号转导、基质金属蛋白酶的激活、基因转录途径等。中药治疗痛风的主要药物组合为黄柏、苍术;牛膝、忍冬藤;赤芍、山慈菇、秦艽;泽泻、地黄;茯苓、萆薢、威灵仙;红花、桃仁、川芎;当归、黄芪;甘草、白术、桂枝,作用机制主要依赖于对多种酶、炎症因子、炎症通路的调控,这些中药能够显著抑制炎症急性期反应、促进尿酸排泄,该研究拟为痛风的深入研究及相关中药的开发应用提供一定的基础和借鉴意义。     

2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-八乙硫基酞菁的合成与理论研究

设计合成在酞菁2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24位(β位)八乙硫基取代的分子:2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-八乙硫基酞菁分子β-(SC2 H5)8-H2 Pc,并对该分子进行红外吸收光谱表征和理论研究.采用密度泛函理论(DFT)在B3LYP/6-31G(d)水平上对2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-八乙硫基酞菁分子进行结构优化,模拟其红外吸收光谱.模拟与实验红外振动吸收峰拟合曲线呈线性关系,相关系数R2=0.998,二者符合较好.     

可编程逻辑器件在定时控制电路中的应用

介绍了用ＩＳＰ可编程逻辑器件设计的一种器件少、可靠性高、实用性强的广告灯箱定时控制电路,详细阐述了其设计思路、硬件原理及ＩＳＰ可编程逻辑器件的使用技术。     

必然,可能,偶然,风马牛

在普通逻辑思考实际中,必然既不是1元的模态词,而且,必然与恒真的真值函数之间也并无内在联系。“A必然B”的含义为:“可独立于A、B的真值确定不会是A真而B假”,其中的“可独立于A、B的真值确定”称为“第一独立性”。“A必然B”的符号表达式为“A B”,可念作“A制约B”,其中的称为“制约号”,是2元的非正统的联结号。可能就是不必然不;偶然就是不必然且可能;“A风马牛B”的含义为“把A或 H、B或 B不论是放在前域还是后域,这之间的关系都是偶然”,故而也可称为“彻底的偶然”。容易验证,从语义上说,正统一阶谓词演算中的A B(A蕴涵B)和在其它语言中用来作为逻辑工具的“若A,则B”之间的关系是风马牛。     

广西龙塘蚀变流纹岩风化过程中Ti、Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Th的活动性研究

对广西龙塘蚀变流纹岩风化剖面中六个难溶元素的活动性进行了研究。研究结果表明 ,Ti、Nb和Ta元素在整个风化成土过程中基本上保持了它们的稳定性。Zr、Hf和Th在风化剖面上部有明显的富集 ,可能与矿物锆石与钍石在风化壳表层被腐植酸溶解后向下迁移被蒙脱石与非晶质氧化铁吸附有关。     

基于事件触发的二阶多智能体时滞一致性

为了使多智能体可以减少信息交流,一致性问题在多智能系统的应用已被众多学者广泛研究,从而避免通信资源和计算资源的浪费;在有向拓扑图下,针对二阶的领导-跟随非线性多智能体系统,提出了一种基于事件触发机制和时滞一致性控制策略,对于每一个智能体给出事件触发条件,可以有效减少更新频率和系统能源的耗费;通过利用Lyapunov稳定...     

12脉波可控整流器的谐波抑制策略

提高12脉波可控整流器谐波抑制能力,提出基于12脉波可控整流器的直流侧谐波抑制策略。该控制策略通过在直流侧附加谐波抑制模块,改善整流器输入电流波形,满足不同负载工况下输入电流谐波抑制要求;根据12脉波整流器交、直流侧电流关系和直流侧理想电流波形,分析并给出谐波抑制模块的输出电压波形,并采用全桥逆变电路调节谐波抑制模块的输出电压。仿真结果表明,该策略能有效抑制整流器输入电流谐波。