煤浆燃料技术

本文扼要综述煤浆燃料的发展和技术特征，介绍了水煤浆、油煤浆、甲醇煤浆等处于能源改型中的代油煤基料浆，介绍了煤质、添加剂，煤粉粒度分布对形成稳定煤浆燃料的影响。     

马尾松碱木素制备新型水煤浆分散剂及其性能研究

通过磺甲基化碱木素与磺化丙酮甲醛发生缩聚,制备出新型高性能水煤浆分散剂,探讨各因素对产品分散性能的影响,结果表明:当质量分数为20%的硫酸溶液用量为60 g,氧化剂用量为5 g,磺化剂与丙酮的物质的量比是0.4,所制得的分散剂对水煤浆的分散降黏效果最好;当添加剂用量为0.9%(占干基煤的质量分数)时,对难制浆煤种神华煤可制得的最高质量分数达到64.4%,水煤浆的表观黏度值706.2 mPa.s.探究了碱木素系水煤浆添加剂(ALB)的煤种适应性,研究结果表明,ALB对变质程度较高、内在水和氧含量较低的煤种降黏能力较好,可制得较高质量分数的水煤浆,对变质程度较低、内在水和氧含量较高的煤种仍具有较好的降黏能力,ALB的分散降黏及稳定性优于亚甲基萘磺酸钠—苯乙烯磺酸钠—马来酸钠(NDF)水煤浆添加剂.     

马尾松碱木素制备新型水煤浆分散剂及其性能研究

通过磺甲基化碱木素与磺化丙酮甲醛发生缩聚,制备出新型高性能水煤浆分散剂,探讨各因素对产品分散性能的影响,结果表明:当质量分数为20％的硫酸溶液用量为60 g,氧化剂用量为5 g,磺化剂与丙酮的物质的量比是0.4,所制得的分散剂对水煤浆的分散降黏效果最好;当添加剂用量为0.9％(占干基煤的质量分数)时,对难制浆煤种神华煤可制得的最高质量分数达到64.4％,水煤浆的表观黏度值706.2 mPa·s.探究了碱木素系水煤浆添加剂(ALB)的煤种适应性,研究结果表明,ALB对变质程度较高、内在水和氧含量较低的煤种降黏能力较好,可制得较高质量分数的水煤浆,对变质程度较低、内在水和氧含量较高的煤种仍具有较好的降黏能力,ALB的分散降黏及稳定性优于亚甲基萘磺酸钠—苯乙烯磺酸钠—马来酸钠(NDF)水煤浆添加剂.     

改善粒度级配提高大同水煤浆的稳定性

水煤浆是一种重要的可以代油的工业燃料,为了提高水煤浆的稳定性,采用不同的粒度级配,通过湿法成浆工艺制浆,测定了浆体的浓度、粘度和稳定性,提出了一种最佳粒度配比.     

焦沫和神华长焰煤共制备水煤焦浆的成浆性

水煤浆是一种新型、清洁的以煤代油的燃料,具有很多优点,燃用水煤浆对煤炭的综合利用、节约石油能源和环境保护都具有极其重大的意义。为研究用焦沫代替煤为合成气提供碳源,并实现焦沫再利用和煤炭气化的有机结合,本文以煤和焦沫为原料制备水煤焦浆,分析了不同质量配比、粒径分布、添加剂的用量及种类对水煤焦浆的影响。实验结果表明制备水煤焦浆的最佳工艺参数如下:Alfred粒度分布(d0.841~0.42mm/%、d0.42~0.147mm/%、d0.147~0.075mm/%、d0.075~0.044mm/%、d0.075/%,质量分数分别为25%、18%、15%、36%),搅拌时间为20 min,山东临猗化工添加剂(LYS)更适合制备水煤焦浆,且添加剂的加入量为制浆原料的3‰。本实验为焦沫的合理利用提供了新思路,对焦化企业发展循环经济具有重要的指导作用。     

水煤浆锅炉可行性分析研究

水煤浆作为一种新型燃料，可在工业锅炉、电站锅炉和工业窑炉等代油、煤或气燃用，是我国一项现实的洁净煤技术。本文介绍了我国对水煤浆应用的背景资料，对水煤浆在锅炉中的可行性应用进行了研究。     

水煤浆添加剂——改性松香

能源是人类赖以生存,经济发展和社会进步的主要物质基础,综观中国的石油能源储量,面对着石油短缺这一世界性的问题,寻找新能源越来越受到人们的重视,发展水煤浆技术就成为一个以煤代油的大趋势。水煤浆,作为洁净煤技术,煤炭深加工的新品种,与燃烧重油或柴油相比,具有明显的等热值燃料差价;与原煤散烧相比,具有明显的环境效益。     

重油—煤—水,水基三元混合燃料的制备及其流变性

使用适当的分散剂和乳化剂制备出一种新型水基（Ｏ／Ｗ）重油－煤－水三元混合燃料（ＨＯＣＷＦ），研究了体系组成、温度、分散剂种类及含量对体系流变性的影响，对混合燃料燃烧性能的初步测试表明这种煤、液混合燃料性能优于油煤浆和水煤浆。     

工业废料直接作水煤浆添加剂的研究

以五种工业废料直接作新汶、大屯煤制水煤浆添加剂。实验得到,用新汶和大屯煤制得的废料水煤浆,其最大煤浓度分别为67～69%、65～67%;使用煤浆的煤浓度分别为64～66%、62～64%;煤浆粘度分别为350～800mPa.s、350～700mPa.s;煤浆稳定后,析水率分别为0～4%、0～6%。两种煤浆结构皆疏松,可进行落棒试验。     

浙江大学机械与能源工程学院

水煤浆代油技术 水煤浆是一种新型低污染代油燃料，是20世纪70年代石油危机中发展起来的一种新型代油环保燃料。它是由65％-70％不同粒度分布的煤、30％-35％的水和约1％的添加剂制成的混合物，它既保持了煤炭原有的物理特性，又具有石油一样的流动性和稳定性，可以像油一样易于装贮、实现管道输送和高效燃烧，被称为清洁液态煤炭产品。可以广泛用于电站锅炉、工业锅炉和工业窑炉代油、代气、代煤燃烧，亦可作为气化原料，用于生产合成氨、合成甲醇等。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with