高架桥地震响应的半主动控制研究

文章根据高架桥的结构特点,将整个结构简化为多自由度(MDOF)体系,采用磁流变(MR)阻尼器中修正的Bouc-Wen模型和剪切型最优控制(clipped-optimal control)算法对高架桥的地震响应进行了半主动控制研究;同时将MR阻尼器半主动控制与结构被动控制和主动控制的效果进行了对比研究;使用EI-Centro波、Taft波和天津波3种地震波对高架桥-MR阻尼器半主动控制系统进行了数值模拟计算。数值结果表明:基于MR阻尼器的半主动控制能够有效地减小高架桥的水平地震位移,其控制效果明显优于被动控制,且接近于主动控制。     

结构地震反应的模糊控制

MR阻尼器是一种性能优良的半主动控制装置,已广泛应用于结构振动控制领域。本文针对MR阻尼器控制系统的特点,提出了一种基于遗传算法的模糊控制器设计方法,对地震作用下的建筑结构实施模糊控制。该方法将多目标遗传算法NSGA—II和模糊控制技术相结合,人工设计基本模糊控制器,以位移、层间位移和绝对加速度为控制目标,利用NSGA—II来优化生成最优的模糊控制规则。一个3层结构的仿真结果表明。所设计的模糊控制器在四种不同的地震波作用下均能有效地减小结构的地震反应,控制效果明显优于被动控制,与Clipped-LQR控制效果接近。     

基于SMA阻尼器的输电塔风振控制

 根据SMA 阻尼器的工作原理和输电塔的振动特性,提出应用SMA 阻尼器对输电塔风致振动进行控制。应用有限元软件建立输电塔和阻尼器的有限元模型,基于Matlab 软件,采用线性自回归滤波器法模拟随机脉动风荷载的时程样本;应用能量法计算所需阻尼器数量,根据阻尼器的工作原理和输电塔结构特点设计不同的阻尼器布置方案;对不同方案进行结构风致振动瞬态响应仿真,提取各方案控制点位移和加速度时间历程进行比较分析。模拟了多种风荷载,进一步对各方案的控制效果进行了对比分析。结果表明:SMA 阻尼器对输电塔风振控制效果较好;将阻尼器布置在塔头上,可有效控制塔顶位移,减振率在28%以上;在塔身上布置阻尼器,可有效控制塔顶加速度,减振率在66%以上。通过综合比较,选出了阻尼器的最佳布置方案。     

多维地震激励下空间结构MR阻尼器半主动控制

基于LQR算法提出了大跨平板网架结构的空间最优控制力的计算方法，并应用磁流变（MR）阻尼器对大跨平板网架结构的多维地震反应进行振动控制．分别采用半主动控制和被动控制策略，数值仿真了一空间网架结构在三维天津波和El-Centro波激励下的受控地震反应，并对各种控制策略的控制效果进行了比较分析．结果表明，应用MR阻尼器能使大跨平板网架结构的地震反应得到有效控制，同一种控制策略对不同地震激励的控制效果不同；采用半主动控制策略时，结构水平位移和加速度幅值的控制效果可达66．4％和47．5％，其均方根值的控制效果可达80．4％和72．9％；采用被动控制策略时，结构水平位移幅值及其均方值的控制效果也可达到23．7％和33．8％．因此所提出的确定空间最优控制力的方法是有效的．     

磁流变阻尼器力学性能及减震试验研究

通过RD1097型MR阻尼器的力学性能试验,获得不同频率、不同振幅、不同输入电流下的阻尼力与位移、速度的关系曲线;提出一种改进的MR阻尼器反正切函数非线性模型;采用RD1097型MR阻尼器,进行正弦波和El-Centro波下的MR阻尼器减震试验研究.研究结果表明:提出的阻尼器力学模型具有识别参数少、编程方便、精度较高等特点,不仅能较准确描述低速下阻尼力与速度的关系,而且能模拟摩擦滞后效应,对于固定频率振动和随机地震波下的阻尼力模拟有效;MR阻尼器具有较好的减震效果,在El-Centro波激励下,可使位移峰值及其均方根分别减小62.75%和77.17%.     

结构半主动变阻尼器地震反应控制数值模拟

针对半主动变阻尼器地震作用下多层建筑结构基于支持向量机（SVM）的半主动控制算法,选用四条地震波即El-Centro波、Hachinohe波、Kobe波以及上海人工波,并将峰值地面加速度均调幅至0.1gal.结果表明：总体上基于SVM半主动变阻尼器能够提高对结构层间位移和速度的控制效果;特别,消除了受控结构局部加速度放大现象.     

基于磁流变阻尼器的汽车半主动悬架的神经模糊控制

为了抑制由路面不平引起的车辆振动,该文采用磁流变(MR)阻尼器和神经模糊控制算法实现对车辆悬架系统的半主动控制,并在四分之一汽车的两自由度模型上进行了仿真计算.采用的神经模糊控制器能通过反馈的车身加速度,经过计算输出一个恰当的电压到MR阻尼器实时连续地改变其阻尼特性,实现对车辆悬架系统半主动振动控制.仿真结果表明:和被动悬架相比,基于MR阻尼器和神经模糊控制算法的半主动悬架系统对由路面不平引起的车辆振动有明显的控制效果,具有良好的应用前景.     

斜拉索采用MR阻尼器半主动控制的研究

采用基于位移和速度方向的半主动控制算法,对斜拉索和MR阻尼器组成的系统进行动力分析,考察了 斜拉索基频(张力、索长、质量)、Irvine参数、激励荷载(类型、频率、大小)等各种因素对斜拉索动力响应的影 响,并与MR阻尼器被动控制效果进行了比较,以全索全时段振动响应的均方根作为振动控制效果的评价指 标．研究表明,MR阻尼器半主动控制对斜拉索抑振效果比MR阻尼器被动控制有较大幅度的提高．位移RMS 减小的幅度可达50％,且在MR阻尼器型号的有效区间内可使多阶振动模态均取得较好的减振效果．     

环形剪切软钢阻尼器在受控结构中的位置优化

为了探究环形剪切软钢阻尼器在受控结构中的位置优化,提出了结构阻尼器减震率灵敏度的概念,在MATLAB中以3种地震波作用下的混凝土框架结构为研究对象,计算结构在水平地震加速度激励下的位移时程响应,得出了每层结构对阻尼器的减震率灵敏度,以层间位移角不超限为优化目标,通过撤去减震率贡献较低楼层的阻尼器实现对阻尼器的位置优化,同时在相同条件下使用逐层布置法对受控结构进行环形剪切软钢阻尼器的位置优化。结果表明,文中优化效果与逐层布置法一致,证明了此方法的可行性,优化后结构各项位移均有明显的降低,其中最大层间位移角降低了72%,El-Centro波下的结构顶层52号节点位移降低了70.81%,Taft波下的优化布置方法明显优于逐层布置法。     

基于联合减震结构的振动台试验分析

通过在钢-混凝土混合结构中设置橡胶隔震支座及阻尼器的不同组合方式构成减震结构,并对结构进行了振动台试验。试验表明:橡胶隔震支座对隔震层和上部结构的加速度和位移均能起到很好的控制作用;在上部结构加设粘滞阻尼器之后,隔震层的加速度和位移均有所减小,但减小幅度不大,而顶层的加速度和位移均出现大幅度减小,梁、柱的应变减小超过50%,说明在设置隔震支座的基础上,通过布置粘滞阻尼器能达到较好的减震效果。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with