Ag-G staining,a rapid technique for producing combined silver staining and Giemsa banding in mammalian chromosomes

Summary A combination of the silver staining method with a Giemsa banding technique is described for mammalian chromosomes. This double staining simultaneously shows silver-stained NORs and a G-band pattern, and thus allows a rapid identification of the NOR-bearing chromosomes.     

A simple one-step procedure for staining the nucleolus organizer regions.

A simple silver staining technique for routine use is described by which the nucleolus organizer regions of mammalian chromosomes, including those of mouse chromosomes, are stained selectively.     

A simple one-step procedure for staining the nucleolus organizer regions

Summary A simple silver staining technique for routine use is described by which the nucleolus organizer regions of mammalian chromosomes, including those of mouse chromosomes, are stained selectively.Acknowledgment. We would like to thank Prof. Dr K. Sperling for critical and helpful discussion.     

Sister chromatid differential staining pattern in prematurely condensed chromosomes

Summary Application of sister chromatid differential (SCD) procedure on G₁, S and G₂ prematurely condensed chromosomes (PCC) of cells in the second and third cycle of DNA replication in medium containing BrdU reveals differential staining patterns characteristic of their respective stages in the cell cycle. These findings also suggest a structural similarity between PCC and metaphase chromosomes.Supported in part by grants from the National Foundation-March of Dimes (grant No. 1-327) and from the National Cancer Institute (grant No. CA-16480).     

Giemsa centromere staining ofHumulus lupulus L. Metaphase chromosomes

Summary Giemsa staining of hop (Humulus lupulus L.) chromosomes at metaphase revealed kinetochore-like structures in the centromeric region.The authors are grateful to Dr C. K. Atal, for his keen interest and constant encouragement in the present study.     

An ammoniacal silver staining technique for mitotic chromosomes ofTriturus (Urodela: Salamandridae)

Summary An ammoniacal silver staining technique was applied to mitotic metaphase chromosomes of 2 species of Newts (Triturus). The method is useful for identifying nucleolar organizer regions. In addition, it reveals other sites of unknown significance.With financial support of the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome.     

Chromatin fluorescence by pyronin staining

Human, chicken and mouse cells from different tissues show a bright red-orange fluorescence of the chromatin after staining with pyronin Y. The possibility that intercalation of the dye into double helical nucleic acids accounts for this fluorescence pattern is briefly discussed.     

Chromatin fluorescence by pyronin staining

Summary Human, chicken and mouse cells from different tissues show a bright red-orange fluorescence of the chromatin after staining with pyronin Y. The possibility that intercalation of the dye into double helical nucleic acids accounts for this fluorescence pattern is briefly discussed.This work was partially supported by a grant from the Comisión Asesora de Investigación Científica y Técnica, Spain.     

Interphase studies with a simplified method of silver staining of nucleoli

Summary A simple silver staining method is presented providing a rapid and reliable technique for the selective staining of nuclear structures synthesizing ribosomal RNA (18S and 28S RNA).The critical advice of Prof. Dr W. Krone is gratefully acknowledged.     

Interphase studies with a simplified method of silver staining of nucleoli.

A simple silver staining method is presented providing a rapid and reliable technique for the selective staining of nuclear structures synthesizing ribosomal RNA (18S and 28S RNA).     

Chromatin ofh regions of human chromosomes at high resolution

Summary Segmentation of the secondary constriction region (h) of human chromosomes 1, 9 and 16 is demonstrated by a high resolution banding technique. Based on these staining properties, it is suggested that the composition of theh region in human chromosomes is heterochromatic as well as euchromatic.     

A population of human lymphocytes staining for esterases

Summary A population of lymphocytes is found to stain positively for esterases. The positively staining lymphocytes are more predominant among T than B lymphocytes and are significantly increased on stimulation with PHA. Treatment with cholinestrase inhibitors reduces their number significantly.This work was supported by a grant from the Medical Research Council of Canada.     

Differential giemsa staining of the holokinetic chromosomes of the two-spotted spider mite,Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari,Tetranychidae)

Summary The chromosomes of the spider miteTetranychus urticae can be stained differentially with Giemsa-staining methods for G-bands. C-band patterns representing constitutive heterochromatin could not be detected. Their absence may be related to the holokinetic condition of the chromosomes.     

Peculiar ruthenium red staining pattern of the human early trophoblast

Summary This paper describes the ruthenium red staining (RRS) pattern observed on the 2 sides, maternal and fetal, of the human early trophoblast. The possibility of a different plasma membrane composition of the 2 sides of the human early trophoblast is discussed.     

Contradictory differential staining results with Coomassie Brilliant Blue and silver carbonate on sister chromatids

Summary Coomassie Brilliant Blue, and silver stain, are used in electrophoretic gels to identify polypeptides. The relative staining intensity has been taken as indicating a quantitative difference between proteins. However, when these 2 stains were applied to 2 identically pretreated chromosome preparations, contradictory staining results were obtained.Acknowledgment. This work is supported under the auspices of the National Science Council, Republic of China.     

A population of human lymphocytes staining for esterases.

A population of lymphocytes is found to stain positively for esterases. The positively staining lymphocytes are more predominant among T than B lymphocytes and are significantly increased on stimulation with PHA. Treatment with cholinestrase inhibitors reduces their number significantly.     

Karyotype and chromosome banding in the Turkish desert woodlouseDesertellio elongatus (Crustacea,Isopoda, Oniscidea)

The karyotype ofD. elongatus was investigated by means of C-banding, silver staining, and mithramycin-and quinacrine fluorescent staining. The diploid chromosome number is 2n=50. C-banding shows pericentromerically localized constitutive heterochromatin in every chromosome. Two of the chromosome pairs carry two telomeric nucleolus organizer regions each. No heteromorphic sex chromosomes were found.     

A combination of sister chromatid differential staining and giemsa banding

Summary We report a procedure for combining sister chromatid differential staining and G banding in the same metaphase plate. Mammalian cells in culture are grown in medium containing 5-bromodeoxyuridine for two cell cycles, and conventional air-dried preparations are made. The slides are treated with a trypsin or a urea solution the same way as for regular G banding. This method is simple and fast and provides additional information for cytogeneticists.     

Differential staining of a heterochromatic zone inArcyptera fusca (Orthoptera)

Summary A homogeneous heterochromatic zone obtained with the direct application of the C-banding technique is unravelled into 2 sub-zones with the successive application of orcein staining and the C-banding method in the grasshopperArcyptera fusca.This work was supported by a grant awarded to Professor A. Sañudo to whom we are very grateful.     

Some remarks concerning staining methods for neurosecretory products in insects

Summary Insect neurosecretory cells show great diversity and respond differently to reportedly homologous stains, including Victoria blue, chrome hematoxylin-phloxin and paraldehyde fuchsin. Apart from this diversity, it is shown on a phasmidClitumnus and a bugRoscius, that the mode of application of technics have a great influence upon the staining properties of the cells.Dedicated to Professor Dr M. Gersch's on the occasion of his 70th birthday.