Isolation and antiviral activity of the gymnemic acids

Zusammenfassung Aus den Blättern vonGymnema sylvestre wurden 4 Gymneasäuren (A, B, C und D) isoliert. Die Antivirusaktivität der Säuren A und B wurde geprüft.

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This investigation was supported in part by U.S. Army Medical Research contract No. DA-49-193-MD-2066, and by U.S. Public Health Service grants No. AM 06224-04 and AI 05876-03. Presented in part before the 1967 annual meeting of the American Society for Microbiology.     

In vitro antiviral activity of hydrazine sulfate

Riassunto Il solfato di idrazina inhibisce l'effetto citopatico e la moltiplicazione sia del virus polio che di quello vaccinico. Tale azione non deriva nè da un effetto sulla particella virale nè da un danno cellulare.     

Actinomycin-resistant antiviral activity associated with preparations containing chicken interferon

Summary Crude and purified preparations containing chicken interferon show a 2fold antiviral activity. One is inhibited by actinomycin and leads to total inhibition if interferon is added to cells before actinomycin, the other is insensitive to actinomycin and leads to partial inhibition if interferon is added simultaneously with or after actinomycin.Work supported by the Swiss National Foundation, grant 3.399.70.The authors wish to thank Miss E. Browse, Miss U. Kohler and Mr U. Rohrer for excellent technical assistance.     

Abscisic acid-like activity of trisporic acids

Riassunto Gli acidi tetraidrotrisporici e gli acidi trisporici A, B e C inibiscono la germinatione di semi di varie specie di piante. Il loro effetto è antagonizzato da acido gibberellico. Questo fatto e l'analogia strutturale fra gli acidi trisporici e l'acido abscissico suggeriscono che gli acidi trisporici, oltre ad unaattività ormona le nei funghi, possano anche svolgere una attività regolatrice nelle piante superiori analoga a quella esercitata dall'acido abscissico.     

Actinomycin-resistant antiviral activity associated with preparations containing chicken interferon.

Crude and purified preparations containing chicken interferon show a 2fold antiviral activity. One is inhibited by actinomycin and leads to total inhibition if interferon is added to cells before actinomycin, the other is insensitive to actinomycin and leads to partial inhibition if interferon is added simultaneously with or after actinomycin.     

The metabolism, pharmacokinetics and mechanisms of antiviral activity of ribavirin against hepatitis C virus

Ribavirin, a broad spectrum antiviral agent, in conjunction with interferon forms the current standard of treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in humans. While ribavirin alone fails to induce a significant antiviral response, in combination with interferon, ribavirin dramatically improves the long-term outcome of therapy. The predominant mechanism(s) of ribavirin action against HCV, are yet to be established. In this review, we examine the current status of our understanding of the metabolism, pharmacokinetics and mechanisms of the antiviral activity of ribavirin against HCV, all of which are central to the rational identification of improved treatment protocols. Received 30 September 2005; received after revision 20 November 2005; accepted 7 December 2005     

Antimicrobial and antiviral activity of xylosyl-methylthio-adenosine,a naturally occurring analogue of methylthio-adenosine fromDoris verrucosa

Xylosyl-methylthio-adenosine, a naturally occurring analogue of 5′-deoxy-5′-methylthio-adenosine, has been postulated to play a protective role during egg development in the molluscDoris verrucosa. However, in vitro tests showed that this analogue is devoid of activity against fungi, bacteria and viruses.     

Trimethoprim enhances the antibacterial activity of nalidixic and oxolinic acids and delays the emergence of resistance

Summary Trimethoprim enhances the in vitro activity of nalidixic and oxolinic acids against some representative pathogenic microorganisms, including those which are most frequently responsible for urinary tract infections, and delays the emergence of resistance in many of them.     

Antimicrobial and antiviral activity of xylosyl-methylthio-adenosine, a naturally occurring analogue of methylthio-adenosine from Doris verrucosa.

Xylosyl-methylthio-adenosine, a naturally occurring analogue of 5'-deoxy-5'-methylthio-adenosine, has been postulated to play a protective role during egg development in the mollusc Doris verrucosa. However, in vitro tests showed that this analogue is devoid of activity against fungi, bacteria and viruses.     

Effect of some phosphonic amino acids on the activity of central neurons]

Microiontophoretic applications of DL-2-amino-3-phosphonopropionic, DL-3-amino-4-phosphonobutyric, aminomethylphosphonic, 2-aminoethylphosphonic and 3-aminopropylphosphonic acids in the course of extracellular recordings of central neurons in the Rat resulted in effects which appeared similar to those observed with their carboxylic analogs. The involvement of the same post-synaptic receptors is suggested.     

Chloroplast aging in vitro and relationships to fatty acids and polyphenoloxidase activity

Résumé Un vieillissement in vitro de chloroplastes isolés d'épinard et un traitement par l'acide linolénique, à des concentrations croissantes, provoquent des inhibitions, comparables, de la photophosphorylation, de la capacité des plastides à se contracter et à dégager de l'O₂. De plus, ces deux traitements stimulent dans la même proportion l'activité des polyphénoloxydases. Ainsi, l'acide linolénique semble être l'un des facteurs responsables du vieillissement in vitro des chloroplastes.     

New antibiotics,trichopolyns A and B: Isolation and biological activity

Summary Polypeptide antibiotics, trichopolyns A and B, were isolated from the culture broth ofTrichoderma polysporum (Link ex Pers) Rifai (TMI 60146). Assessment of biological activity of the antibiotics against microorganisms was made.Acknowledgment. We are most grateful to Central Research Division, Takeda Chemical Industry Co. Limited, for determination of antifungal and antibacterial spectra.