钢-UHPC轻型组合桥面板实桥试验研究

钢-UHPC轻型组合桥面板是一种由正交异性桥面与密集配筋的UHPC薄层通过剪力钉连接而成的新型桥面结构.为研究UHPC层对钢-UHPC轻型组合桥面结构性能的影响,以枫溪大桥为工程背景,研究正交异性钢桥面常见疲劳细节在铺设UHPC层前、后的应力幅变化.首先通过整体有限元模型确定测点位置以及加载范围,然后根据加载方案分别在铺设UHPC层前后采用三轴加载车进行低速加载试验,同时采集并整理正交异性钢桥面常见疲劳细节应力响应试验数据,最后建立了节段有限元模型并与实测结果进行对比分析.试验结果表明:铺设UHPC层后,常见疲劳细节应力响应均有明显降低,其中面板上的细节(纵肋-面板焊缝、面板对接焊缝、面板-横隔板-纵肋交叉焊缝面板位置)应力幅降幅比例最大,高达75%～90%;其次为纵肋上疲劳细节(纵肋底部对接焊缝、纵肋-横隔板焊缝焊缝端部位置、面板-横隔板-纵肋交叉焊缝纵肋位置)应力降幅约为65%～80%;最后为横隔板上疲劳细节(横隔板弧形切口、横隔板弧形切口起点位置、面板-横隔板-纵肋交叉焊缝横隔板位置)应力降幅约为20%～50%.同时,随疲劳细节与顶面距离的减小,UHPC层对细节应力降幅的贡献明显增大.有限元模型结果与实测结果吻合较好,也得出了相似的规律.本文实测结果为推广钢-UHPC轻型组合桥面的应用提供了最直接的数据参考.     

UHPC加固在役大跨径悬索桥钢桥面：实桥试验与理论分析

为解决大跨径钢桥正交异性钢桥面板普遍存在的疲劳开裂且维修困难等问题，提出了一种疲劳裂缝可免修复的UHPC加固新结构. 以一座在役大跨径悬索桥为研究对象，介绍了新结构的应用背景，并对大桥原沥青铺装、裸钢桥面、钢-UHPC轻型组合结构三种桥面状态分别开展了现场试验. 基于试验结果，系统揭示了钢桥面4类典型疲劳细节的受力特性，包括应力分布规律和加固后的应力降幅，同时，对实桥建立了局部梁段有限元模型，模拟试验中的所有加载工况并进行了对比分析，发现计算得到的应力响应面与试验结果基本一致，最大误差约为10%. 研究结果表明：对于每类疲劳细节，其在纯钢桥面和原沥青铺装两种状态下的应力基本无差异，表明原沥青铺装劣化严重，无法改善钢桥面的疲劳受力状态；而对比铺设UHPC前、后，钢面板上的疲劳细节应力降幅达41%~85%，其中，钢面板-U肋焊缝细节应力降幅为85%，顶部过焊孔处细节应力降幅为44%，而横隔板与U肋交叉部位细节应力降幅为41%，表明UHPC加固薄层有效提高了钢桥面的局部抗弯刚度，从而降低了车辆荷载作用下钢桥面的应力水平. 此外，得到了钢桥面上不同疲劳细节的应力响应线，结果表明，各疲劳细节的应力响应因测点位置不同而存在一定差异. 顶部过焊孔处细节横桥向压应力响应范围较小，而拉应力响应范围较大；面板及顶部过焊孔处细节的纵向应力响应线较短，而U肋-横隔板连接处细节的应力在3道横隔板或横肋范围内仍保持较高水平.     

U肋带内隔板钢桥面疲劳性能研究

针对正交异性铁路钢桥面构造细节,开展U肋钢桥面疲劳性能研究,进行了两个足尺钢桥面构件的静载和高周疲劳承载试验,其中试件DECK1纵肋无内隔板,试件DECK2在横梁腹板处纵肋内设置内隔板.试验研究结果表明:纵肋内隔板可有效改善纵肋腹板和横梁帽孔细节部位的受力,提高钢桥面的疲劳强度;与横梁帽孔交汇处的纵肋腹板为疲劳裂纹易发处,两个构件均在此处出现水平向疲劳裂纹;采用有限元计算模型,分析研究了纵肋内增加内隔板对钢桥面受力的影响,计算结果与试验结果吻合.     

桥面铺装对正交异性钢桥面板疲劳性能的影响

目的研究沥青混凝土桥面铺装对正交异性钢桥面板疲劳性能的影响,提出合理的铺装层厚度与弹性模量.方法建立正交异性钢桥的有限元模型,并与试验结果进行对比,验证正交异性钢桥有限元模型及其边界条件的有效性;选取易产生疲劳裂缝4个典型位置的构造细节进行有限元分析,从而找到桥面铺装层厚度、弹性模量等铺装层参数对正交异性钢桥面板疲劳细节处应力幅的影响趋势;验算疲劳细节应力幅值是否小于《公路钢结构桥梁设计规范》(JTG D64—2015)中疲劳S-N曲线中相应疲劳细节的200万次循环疲劳强度35 MPa.结果当铺装层厚度自60 mm增加到100 mm时,疲劳细节的等效应力幅值逐渐下降,且呈线性递减趋势;铺装层厚度为70 mm时,其弹性模量应不小于5 000 MPa为宜;当其模量自1 000 MPa增加到10 000 MPa时,不同疲劳细节的等效应力幅值呈非线性下降趋势.当其模量增加到8 000 MPa时,疲劳细节的等效疲劳应力幅趋于稳定;铺装层材料的模量为3 000 MPa时,其铺装层厚度应不小于80 mm为宜.结论 4种疲劳细节中,与钢桥面板接触的疲劳细节其疲劳性能受铺装层厚度、铺装层模量影响比其他疲劳细节大.桥面铺装层能有效地降低疲劳细节的等效疲劳应力幅,改善正交异性钢桥面板的疲劳性能.     

三主桁84＋84m连续钢桁梁桥正交异性整体钢桥面受力分析

南京大胜关长江大桥是京沪高速铁路上一座六跨连续铁路钢桁梁（拱）桥,采用混凝土与钢正交异性板相结合的整体桥面,多横梁体系,钢正交异性板与下弦杆焊连在一起。本文主要研究了该桥边孔84＋84m三主桁连续钢桁梁桥正交异性整体钢桥面板的受力情况。利用空间有限单元法,对桥面系部分构件的受力情况进行了分析。计算结果表明：该桥的整体桥面结构满足高速行车要求;桥面系各构件受力合理。     

基于应力监测的钢-UHPC组合桥面和环氧沥青钢桥面疲劳性能对比

为评估不同桥面加固方案对正交异性桥面板疲劳性能的改善情况,对比了钢-UHPC组合桥面和环氧沥青桥面铺装的桥梁疲劳性能.基于连续一周的应力时程数据,采用线性累积损伤准则计算了各疲劳易损细节的最大应力幅、等效应力幅和疲劳剩余寿命.建立有限元模型,对2种方案加固后的桥面刚度进行了定量对比,分析了车流量及温度变化对疲劳易损细节...     

桥面平整度对大跨度悬索桥车桥耦合振动的影响

桥面平整度是影响车桥耦合振动的关键因素之一.基于分离法,以车轮与桥面板接触点为界,将车桥耦合振动系统分为车辆、桥面平整度和桥梁结构3个子体系,并假定桥面平整度是均值为零的平稳高斯随机过程;结合DR-PSD函数建立了很平整、一般平整和粗糙3种桥面平整度模型.结合车桥耦合振动分析程序,以某大跨度悬索桥为对象,研究了3种不同桥面平整度下桥梁结构各部分的动力响应特性.研究结果表明:组成大跨度悬索桥各部分的主塔、加劲梁、主缆和吊索,其各自对应的冲击系数之间存在明显的差异,而同一条件下相同部位的内力与位移冲击系数也有较大的差异;车桥耦合振动过程中桥面出现较大的横向位移,对桥面行车安全构成威胁,内力高频交变的主缆及吊索等关键结构易出现疲劳,对此应给予高度关注.     

钢-UHPC组合桥面的疲劳性能研究

目的 研究钢-UHPC组合桥面的疲劳裂纹类型和发展规律,分析疲劳裂纹对组合桥面板结构受力特性的影响,为钢-UHPC组合桥面的设计提供理论依据.方法 依据实桥主桥钢桥面的构造参数,设计制作了两个足尺试验构件,进行静载、疲劳试验,并与有限元计算结果进行对比分析.结果 有限元模型计算的各测点应力和位移与实测值基本吻合;纵肋与...     

大跨连续梁桥车桥耦合振动响应研究

为研究大跨连续梁桥车桥耦合振动响应,基于结构动力学基本原理,结合桥梁设计规范,建立五轴重卡车辆和大跨连续梁桥动力学方程;通过车桥耦合几何和力学条件,组建车桥耦合时变矩阵,并考虑空间路面不平度影响,通过自编程序,开展敏感参数下大跨连续梁桥动力响应和冲击系数影响研究。结果表明：在各敏感参数下,桥梁冲击系数计算值普遍大于规范值,建议应重点关注敏感参数对大跨连续梁桥的动力响应,相关研究可为此类桥梁安全运营提供参考。     

正交异性钢桥面横向焊接接头的疲劳寿命估算

针对正交异性铁路钢桥面构造细节,设计2个足尺钢桥面构件进行静载和高周疲劳承载试验。在试验研究的基础上,建立钢桥面有限元模型,并进行分析计算,计算结果与试验值基本吻合。在1阶段模型的基础上,采用子模型技术建立纵肋焊缝位置带半椭圆表面裂纹的2阶段模型,用退化奇异单元模拟该部位裂纹尖端应力场,通过位移外推得到不同裂纹深度下裂纹尖端的应力强度因子K。基于初始裂纹尺寸的合理判定,对Paris公式积分推导得到纵肋焊接接头裂纹扩展曲线并估算疲劳寿命,计算结果解释了试验中裂纹的萌生和发展规律。建议钢桥面纵肋焊接接头按EC33中的71级或铁路桥梁钢结构设计规范中IX细节进行疲劳设计。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has