Processing of AM60 magnesium alloy by hydrostatic cyclic expansion extrusion at elevated temperature as a new severe plastic deformation method

Hydrostatic cyclic expansion extrusion(HCEE) process at elevated temperatures is proposed as a method for processing less deformable materials such as magnesium and for producing long ultrafine-grained rods. In the HCEE process at elevated temperatures, high-pressure molten linear low-density polyethylene(LLDPE) was used as a fluid to eliminate frictional forces. To study the capability of the process,AM60 magnesium rods were processed and the properties were investigated. The mechanical properties were found to improve significantly after the HCEE process. The yield and ultimate strengths increased from initial values of 138 and 221 MPa to 212 and 317 MPa, respectively.Moreover, the elongation was enhanced due to the refined grains and the existence of high hydrostatic pressure. Furthermore, the microhardness was increased from HV 55.0 to HV 72.5. The microstructural analysis revealed that ultrafine-grained structure could be produced by the HCEE process. Moreover, the size of the particles decreased, and these particles thoroughly scattered between the grains. Finite element analysis showed that the HCEE was independent of the length of the sample, which makes the process suitable for industrial applications.     

Processing of AM60 magnesium alloy by hydrostatic cyclic expansion extrusion at elevated temperature as a new severe plastic deformation method

Hydrostatic cyclic expansion extrusion(HCEE) process at elevated temperatures is proposed as a method for processing less deformable materials such as magnesium and for producing long ultrafine-grained rods. In the HCEE process at elevated temperatures, high-pressure molten linear low-density polyethylene(LLDPE) was used as a fluid to eliminate frictional forces. To study the capability of the process,AM60 magnesium rods were processed and the properties were investigated. The mechanical properties were found to improve significantly after the HCEE process. The yield and ultimate strengths increased from initial values of 138 and 221 MPa to 212 and 317 MPa, respectively.Moreover, the elongation was enhanced due to the refined grains and the existence of high hydrostatic pressure. Furthermore, the microhardness was increased from HV 55.0 to HV 72.5. The microstructural analysis revealed that ultrafine-grained structure could be produced by the HCEE process. Moreover, the size of the particles decreased, and these particles thoroughly scattered between the grains. Finite element analysis showed that the HCEE was independent of the length of the sample, which makes the process suitable for industrial applications.     

ZK60镁合金高温流变本构模型

在变形温度为523～673 K、应变速率为0.001～1 s-1的条件下,采用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机对ZK60镁合金的热压缩变形行为进行研究。通过引入应变对ZK60镁合金流变应力本构方程进行改进。研究结果表明:ZK60镁合金流变应力随着变形温度升高和应变速率降低而减小。其高温压缩流变应力曲线可描述为加工硬化、过渡、软化和稳态流变4个阶段,但在温度较高和应变速率较低时,过渡阶段不明显;采用改进后的本构方程预测的流变应力曲线与实验所得曲线较吻合。     

ZK60镁合金铸态显微组织分析

作为高强度变形镁合金研究的基础工作,较系统研究了ZK60镁合金的铸态组织.光学显微分析表明,铸态组织中存在很明显的枝晶;有相当数量的共晶组织沿晶界或枝晶边界断续分布.差热分析(DSC)表明,在加热和冷却速度分别为15 K/min和10 K/min时共晶组织的熔化温度为345℃,凝固析出温度为328.7℃.x-衍射分析初步确定,在铸态ZK60镁合金中主要有α-Mg,MgZn,MgZn23种合金相.透射电子显微分析发现,共晶组织类型、组成和分布具有多样性,选区电子衍射花样标定共晶组织主要由α-Mg和MgZn两相构成.     

ZK60镁合金的CO2激光焊接工艺研究

采用CO2激光焊接ZK60高强镁合金薄板,并使用金相显微镜、万能拉伸试验机、扫描电子显微镜等分析测试手段,研究CO2激光焊接接头各区域的显微组织、接头的力学性能、断口形貌特征等,分析主要焊接参数(包括激光功率、焊接速度)对焊接质量的影响,探讨高强镁合金的激光焊接工艺特点.研究结果表明:在本实验条件下,采用CO2激光焊接工艺能够实现镁合金ZK60的连接;通过适当地选择工艺参数可以获得比较理想的焊缝,接头抗拉强度可达母材强度的80.4%.     

Effect of alloying elements on magnesium alloy damping capacities at room temperature

Alloying is a good approach to increasing its strength but leads to a reduction of damping to pure magnesium.Classifying the alloying characteristics of various alloying elements in magnesium alloys and their combined effects on the damping and mechanical properties of magnesium alloys is important.In this paper,the properties of the Mg-0.6wt%X binary alloys were analyzed through strength measurements and dynamic mechanical analysis.The effects of foreign atoms on solid-solution strengthening and dislocation damping were studied comprehensively.The effect of solid solubility on damping capacity can be considered from two perspectives:the effect of single solid-solution atoms on the damping capacities of the alloy,and the effect of solubility on the damping capacities of the alloy.The results provide significant information that is useful in developing high-strength,high-damping magnesium alloys.This study will provide scientific guidance regarding the development of new types of damping magnesium alloys.     

Sr对ZK60镁合金晶粒细化的影响

用金相显微分析、扫描电镜分析及能谱分析等方法研究了Sr对ZK60镁合金晶粒细化的影响. 结果表明:添加少量的Sr对ZK60镁合金有很好的组织细化效果,但其细化效率受Sr加入量和熔体保温时间的影响较大. 在给定熔体保温时间的条件下,随着Sr质量分数从0.01%增加到0.1%,晶粒细化效率逐渐提高. 在给定Sr加入量的条件下,当熔体保温时间为20～80min时,晶粒细化效率随熔体保温时间的延长而提高;当熔体保温时间超过80min后,晶粒细化效率随熔体保温时间的延长而降低.     

稀土Er对ZK60镁合金变形行为的影响

采用Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验机研究了稀土元素Er对ZK60镁合金的热压缩变形行为的影响。通过引入Zener-Hollomon参数和双曲正弦函数构建了ZK60和ZK60-1.0Er镁合金的本构方程,同时采用应变硬化率θ-流变应力σ关系曲线确定动态再结晶发生的临界应力σc值。结果表明:ZK60和ZK60-1.0Er两种镁合金在热压缩变形过程中,随着变形温度T的升高,压缩流变应力σ值均减小;随着应变速率ε?的增加,流变应力σ值均增加。添加稀土元素Er使得ZK60镁合金热压缩变形流变应力σ值和应力指数n值增加,在变形温度为160~320℃时提高了发生动态再结晶的临界应力σc值,稀土相的存在促进了再结晶晶粒的形核,降低了平均变形激活能Qˉ值。     

Dy和Y对ZK60镁合金铸态组织和力学性能的影响

利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、X线衍射分析及力学性能测试等手段,研究稀土元素Dy和Y对ZK60镁合金铸态显微组织及力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:在ZK60镁合金中单独添加质量分数为1%Dy和1%Y均能细化晶粒,Y的细化效果优于Dy的细化效果;当同时添加Dy和Y时,细化效果最佳,合金的平均晶粒尺寸由原来的105μm减小至35μm,因此,合金的塑性都有不同程度的提高;单独添加Dy后,合金的抗拉强度下降,而单独添加Y后,合金的抗拉强度略有提高,同时添加Dy和Y后,由于Dy和Y原子之间相互交换作用,合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别提高至210.2 MPa,115.6 MPa和8.6%,较未加稀土元素的ZK60镁合金分别提高5.3%,17.1%和177.4%;加入稀土Dy和Y后合金力学性能的变化主要与Dy和Y在合金中形成的I相和W相的比例有关。     

Surface characteristics and corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium alloy ZK60 modifi ed by Fe ion implantati on and deposition

The ZK60 magnesium alloy has been modified by Fe ion implantation and deposition with a metal vapor vacuum arc plasma source. The surface morphology, phase constituent and elemental distribution are determined by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometer and Auger electron spectroscopy. The results show that Fe thin film is deposited on ZK60 alloy and the corresponding thickness increases from 2.73 μm to 6.36 μm with increasing deposition time. A transition layer mainly composed of Mg, Fe and O elements is formed between Fe thin film and ZK60 substrate. The potentiodynamic polarization tests reveal that a high corrosion potential and a low corrosion current density are detected for the Fe deposited ZK60 alloy, indicating the improvement of corrosion resistance. The tensile deformation test indicates that the Fe deposited film on the ZK60 substrate can sustain 1% tensile strain without any cracks.