国外企业知识管理论析

何谓企业知识管理？这就是：对企业的全部知识－隐性知识和显性知识，对企业知识活动的各个环节－知识创新，存储，交流，共享，使用和增值，实施科学运作和有效管理，运速提高企业的经营业绩 和经济社会效益，反企业管理推进到计算机网络化和知识网络化管理的崭新阶段。     

一个以顾客价值为中心的组织结构框架

本文指出，以知识为基础的经济正在改变着企业的组织和机制，企业由产品导向转为顾客导向的同时面临着组织转型的挑战。在分析了顾客价值的含义及驱动因素之后，提出了一个以顾客价值为中心的组织结构框架，以使企业灵活、迅速地适应不断变化的需求，同时指出管理好顾客关系将成为长期赢利的关键。     

专利管理在企业知识管理中的应用

企业是技术创新主体.专利是技术创新的重要产出.因此,专利资产是企业重要的战略性资产,有效的专利管理是企业知识管理的重要组成.本文比较了当前国外企业专利管理的几种基本模式与组织架构,分析了各自优劣及适用条件,并探讨了专利情报分析在企业专利管理中的重要应用.     

国内项目知识管理研究进展

本文通过对国内项目知识管理相关研究文献的筛选、整理与分类，回顾了国内学者对项目知识的含义的探讨；从多个视角归纳分析了国内学者对项目知识管理的不同内容和应用领域的研究现状；并指出对项目知识管理信息化的研究还有很大的发展空间。     

知识创新的Markov控制模型研究

本文在已有的知识创新的相关理论基础上研究知识创新问题。完善了知识创新的机理模型，并对其进行了理论说明，指出知识创新的原理和作用；在对其机理分析的基础上，用Markov模型描述了企业的知识创新过程，分析了影响知识创新的关键因素——隐性知识；并提出了有关知识创新的相应策略框架。     

管理科学是知识生产力——国内企业实施六西格玛的理性思考

从知识生产力的角度来看,管理科学是生产力的一个重要因素,要赢得较大的市场份额,中国企业就必须引入卓越的管理方法,因此管理经验较少的中国企业导入六西格玛（6σ）——一种管理组织的全新方式已是大势所趋.6σ的核心思想是通过量化管理促进流程优化,以显著地提高顾客满意度和企业利润,6σ的六大主题也说明了6σ超越了现有的管理方法.文章中某餐饮企业的六西格玛流程控制过程,展示了六西格玛实施的实际效果.     

科技优先领域选择理论方法研究进展与展望

无论是在有限资源约束下寻找效益最高的分配方案,还是为新增资源寻找最优的投入方向,科技优先领域选择始终是科研管理决策中的焦点。本文从理论和实践相结合的视角出发,梳理了科技优先领域在概念内涵、价值准则和评价方法方面的进展,简要分析了若干国家相关实践和应用情况,发现其在发展趋势上表现出方法创新、开放性提升、功能性增强、支持方式多元等特点,在此基础上尝试提出了组织开展优先领域选择工作的相关启示。     

航空公司收益管理优化模型分析

收益管理是航空公司为了实现收益最大化而对不同类型的旅客进行有选择的接受和拒绝订座的过程，它是集人力、知识和技术为一体的计算机管理系统，通过航班收入最大化决策模型（EMSR）对历史数据的积累和计算，可以预计相应航班不同票价舱位的需求概率分布曲线，依此确定座位存量控制与折扣票价分配，从而获得航班收入最大化。用国内航空公司的相关数据，阐述了模型的计算过程。     

Ontology及其在知识管理中的应用

论述了Ontology的定义、分类、构造、对知识管理的作用,着重阐述了知识管理构建Ontology的一般流程和方法以及利用Ontology实现知识管理的知识组织。     

“场”环境下POC异质性知识整合创新机理

项目导向型企业作为一种利于产生"创造性张力"的知识异质性团体,面临的关键问题是如何有效整合组织内不同主体(个体、项目和企业)所拥有的不同类型异质性知识以实现创新。本文以项目导向型企业为载体,以异质性知识"场"作为平台,研究了个人异质性知识对项目及企业知识创新的作用路径,提出项目间异质性知识转化博弈模型,给出项目导向型企业异质性知识整合创新的新思路,以期真正实现项目知识整合创新转化为企业知识能力提升。     

Augustus De Morgan and the propagation of moral mathematics

In the early nineteenth century, Henry Brougham endeavored to improve the moral character of England through the publication of educational texts. Soon after, Brougham helped form the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge to carry his plan of moral improvement to the people. Despite its goal of improving the nation’s moral character, the Society refused to publish any treatises on explicitly moral or religious topics. Brougham instead turned to a mathematician, Augustus De Morgan, to promote mathematics as a rational subject that could provide the link between the secular and religious worlds. Using specific examples gleaned from the treatises of the Society, this article explores both how mathematics was intended to promote the development of reason and morality and how mathematical content was shaped to fit this particular view of the usefulness of mathematics. In the course of these treatises De Morgan proposed a fundamentally new pedagogical approach, one which focused on the student and the role mathematics could play in moral education.     

The development of gene therapy for diseases of the lung

The development of a successful gene therapy has many stages, including preclinical testing in animal models and proof of principle clinical studies. A variety of diseases affect the lung, which are candidates for gene therapy; this review will mainly focus on the diseases that have attracted the most attention and have therefore yielded the most progress, namely lung cancer and the monogenic disorder cystic fibrosis. Knowledge gained from clinical studies could eventually be applied to more complex lung conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome and asthma. In addition, increased gene transfer efficiencies could be obtained by appropriate selection of the gene transfer vector and mode of delivery.Received 8 August 2003; received after revision 10 September 2003; accepted 17 September 2003     

Mismatch repair as an important source of new mutations in non-dividing cells

This paper describes a mechanism which permits somatic cells to generate random mutations in the complete absence of cell proliferation. Knowledge of the existence of this mechanism should provide us with the basis for a better understanding of a number of important biological phenomena, and in particular may help to explain the origins of many human cancers.     

Theophrastus on Lyngurium: Medieval and Early Modern Lore from the Classical Lapidary Tradition

The ancient philosopher Theophrastus (c. 371-285 BC) described a gemstone called lyngurium, purported to be solidified lynx urine, in his work De lapidibus ('On Stones'). Knowledge of the stone passed from him to other classical authors and into the medieval lapidary tradition, but there it was almost always linked to the 'learned master Theophrastus'. Although no physical example of the stone appears to have been seen or touched in ancient, medieval, or early modern times, its physical and medicinal properties were continually reiterated and elaborated as if it did 'exist'. By the seventeenth century, it began to disappear from lapidaries, but with no attempt to explain previous authors' errors since it had never 'existed' anyway. In tracing the career of lyngurium, this study sheds some light on the transmission of knowledge from the classical world to the Renaissance and the changing criteria by which such knowledge was judged.     

Science, truth and history, part II. Metaphysical bolt-holes for the Sociology of Scientific Knowledge?

Historians of science have frequently sought to exclude modern scientific knowledge from their narratives. Part I of this paper, published in the previous issue, cautioned against seeing more than a literary preference at work here. In particular, it was argued—contra advocates of the Sociology of Scientific Knowledge (SSK)—that a commitment to epistemological relativism should not be seen as having straightforward historiographical consequences. Part II considers further SSK-inspired attempts to entangle the currently fashionable historiography with particular positions in the philosophy of science. None, I argue, is promising. David Bloor’s proposed alliance with scientific realism relies upon a mistaken view of contrastive explanation; Andrew Pickering’s appeal to instrumentalism is persuasive for particle physics but much less so for science as a whole; and Bruno Latour’s home-grown metaphysics is so bizarre that its compatibility with SSK is, if anything, a further blow to the latter’s plausibility.     

基于Logistic的项目型组织知识流动与和谐共生模型

分析项目型组织知识流动的两种模式,针对项目型组织知识冲突与共享悖论,引入和谐管理理论界定了项目型组织知识和谐性概念。在此基础上,将项目型组织知识和谐分为组织与个人知识和谐、个人与个人知识和谐两类,以个人与项目型组织的知识存量变化作为研究这项目型组织和谐性的切入点,基于Logistic模型建立了项目型组织知识和谐共生模型及稳定性算法。最后仿真模拟了组织与个人、个人与个人知识存量变化趋势,提出相应的策略以保证项目型组织的知识和谐共生。