复合型氨基磺酸系高效减水剂的合成和改性研究

实验合成了氨基磺酸系高效减水剂,同时对产物进行净浆流动度经时损失和砂浆减水率的试验.结果表明该产品对水泥的适应性较好,并能较长时间防止流动度损失,掺量为0.8%时,3h的净浆流动度仍在180mm以上.在已有的氨基磺酸系高效减水剂基础上,引入三种改性剂,经物理复配制成三种复合型氨基磺酸系高效减水剂,实验证明该产品具有掺量小而减水率高的特点,掺量为0.8%时,砂浆减水率达28.0%.     

氨基磺酸系高效减水剂AH的应用性能研究

氨基磺酸系高效减水剂（简称AH）与目前广泛使用的萘系高效减水剂（FDN）相比,具有更加优异的性能。表现为：在掺量很少的情况下,水泥净浆就具有较高的流动度,当掺量相同时,其对水泥净浆流动度远超FDN。此外,它还具有明显抑制水泥净浆流动度经时损失的性能,是一种缓凝型的高效减水剂,与水泥的相容性好,对混凝土也能表现出显著的减...     

复合外加剂在道路工程水泥中的应用

将三种不同配方的复合外加剂:掺加萘系(Ⅰ)、掺加氨基磺酸盐(Ⅱ)和萘系+氨基磺酸盐(Ⅲ)按不同掺量加入到水泥中,比较测出的水泥净浆流动度和水泥砂浆抗折、抗压强度,选出一种使水泥净浆流动度经时损失较小、水泥砂浆强度高、压折比较小的方案.结果表明:掺加萘系+氨基磺酸盐(Ⅲ)复合外加剂是符合公路工程要求的一种优化方案.     

萘系高效减水剂和氨基磺酸盐高效减水剂的热复合研究

论文进行了萘系高效减水剂和氨基磺酸盐高效减水剂在一定温度下的热复合研究,进行不同温度下的热复合减水剂水泥净浆流动度和常温复合减水剂净浆流动度性能的对比,由此可知55℃时热复合减水剂的性能远远优于常温复合减水剂。     

葡萄糖酸钠对萘系高效减水剂的辅助塑化作用的研究

在总掺量一定的情况下,就萘系高效减水剂与缓凝剂葡萄糖酸钠的复合后对水泥净浆流动度、流动度经时损失等性能的影响作用进行了试验分析,结果表明不同掺量的缓凝组分的相容性不同,复合效应也存在差别。     

纤维素基混凝土高效减水剂制备与应用研究

采用1,4-丁基磺酸内酯(BS)、NaOH与纤维素反应,制备丁基磺酸纤维素(SBC),探讨反应条件对产物性能的影响,并且测试了该产物应用性能.FT-IR谱图证实了产物的结构,SEM分析表明掺加SBC的水泥硬化浆体结构更加密实.实验结果表明,n(NaOH):n(AGU): n(BS)=2.5,1:1.7,反应时间4.5 h,反应温度75℃,可得到具有减水分散功能的SBC;SBC掺量为1%时,水泥净浆流动度显著提高.且流动度在120 min内只损失4%;相同掺量下SBC砂浆减水率为16.5%;SBC对水泥水化有一定缓凝作用.混凝土抗压实验结果表明,SBC能在保持相同工作性的条件下起到减水增强作用.因此,SBC有望成为具有实际应用价值的混凝土高效减水剂.     

酸析木素的接枝磺化改性及减水增强作用

通过接枝反应在酸析木素上引入活性分子链,提高其磺化活性,得到接枝磺化酸析木素;采用红外光谱研究了接枝磺化酸析木素的分子结构,并对其减水增强性能进行了研究.结果表明:接枝磺化酸析木素分子中含有较多的磺酸基和酚羟基,分子中的甲氧基被活性基团所取代,使产物具有更大的活性;接枝磺化酸析木素以70%和60%的用量(占减水剂总掺量的百分数)与木钙复配,可分别得到减水剂MCL1和MCL2,当水灰比为0.28、掺量为0.6%时,掺复配产品的水泥净浆流动度达230mm以上,掺量为0.8%时,掺复配产品的水泥净浆初凝时间延长50~80min,终凝时间延长6~7 h;掺MCL1的砂浆的减水率为25.5%,7天和28天抗压强度比分别为135%和123%,其对水泥的减水增强作用与萘系高效减水剂FDN相当.     

减水剂掺量对水泥体系性能的影响

实际工程中通常通过外加剂过掺来解决混凝土运输过程中的塌落度损失,但外加剂过掺会对混凝土的早期性能和后期的耐久性能产生很大的影响,针对该问题选用两种实际中常用的高效减水剂进行实验。实验发现,适当掺量的减水剂对水泥性能有益,但外加剂过掺对水泥净浆的流动性能、抗压抗折强度以及收缩产生很大的负面影响。     

聚醚类减水剂的合成及性能

采用自由基共聚的方法将甲基烯丙基聚氧乙烯醚、 2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸、 马来酸酐和丙烯酸4种单体合成一系列聚醚类高效减水剂, 并通过红外光谱、 核磁共振氢谱和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)确认产物结构、 分子量及其分布, 探讨单体配比与合成工艺, 考察减水剂的掺量和温度对水泥净浆流动度及减水率的影响,
 比较该减水剂在不同水泥应用中的适应性. 实验结果表明： 该聚醚类高效减水剂分散性较高, 初始与1 h后净浆流动度分别为310,300 mm, 减水率为35%; 在3种水泥应用中均表现优异.     

聚羧酸减水剂的合成及其掺混水泥浆后的流动性能

采用水溶液自由基共聚的方法合成聚羧酸高效减水剂, 并通过红外光谱确定了聚羧酸高效减水剂的结构, 考察了聚羧酸高效减水剂侧链的长度、
减水剂在水泥中的掺量、 测试温度等对水泥净浆流动度的影响. 结果表明： 长侧链比短侧链的减水剂流动性更好; 减水剂在水泥中的掺量为其质量分数的0.2%; 随测试温度的升高, 水泥净浆流动度反而降低. 将新合成的聚羧酸高效减水剂与国内外常用产品进行比较, 结果显示性质优良.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.