一类多变量传感器故障容错PID控制器的设计与应用

针对一类多变量非线性系统的传感器故障,提出了一种新型的基于神经网络模型的故障容错PID控制方法.该方法应用加权移动平均残差技术对传感器故障进行检测,并利用神经网络建模技术在线重构故障传感器信号,重组PID控制器反馈回路,实现容错PID控制.通过在三水箱过程设立多种不同类型的传感器故障,进行仿真研究.仿真研究结果表明,所提出的故障检测与容错控制策略具有很强的鲁棒性和容错能力.     

基于Petri网的机械系统诊断传感器优化配置

针对如何在机械加工系统中设置最少传感器以观测所有故障变迁激发的问题,提出一种改进的Petri网模型和可辨识性(Identifiability)概念,建立了离散事件系统的故障诊断模型。基于该模型,利用图论方法开发了机械系统诊断传感器优化配置算法。此算法不依赖于系统的初始标识,仅与PN模型的图形拓扑结构有关,在已知系统模型的条件下,可以计算系统所需的最少传感器数量及其配置方案,最后以一实例证明了此方法的有效性。     

时滞系统无模型自适应PID控制

为了避免工程应用中的建模问题,为时滞系统提出了一种嵌入式结构的模型参考自适应系统(MRAS).通过引入期望模型的概念,解决了传统MRAS中的期望系统性能描述问题,并采用最小二乘法作为自适应律,实现了时滞系统的无模型自适应控制.仿真实验结果证明了改进方法的有效性.     

不确定网络化控制系统的鲁棒容错控制

提出了网络化控制系统(NCS)的一种建模方法.该方法采用时延估计法和在线取得时延法来获取时变时延,不仅解决了采样时差和时变时延难以估计的难点,而且大大简化了NCS的建模过程.针对NCS中传感器和执行器的失效问题,利用Lyapunov法给出了一种新的鲁棒容错控制算法.运用该算法设计的控制器可使系统在网络时延、故障和建模误差的共同干扰下依然稳定运行,而且该算法接近于普通的状态反馈设计,便于工程实现.实验结果表明,算法能使系统在传感器失效和建模误差的作用下保持鲁棒稳定性.     

刚性道面弯沉盆重心距离法及回归模型

提出一种刚性道面弯沉盆重心距离法(MAREA)及回归模型,在系统建模和分析传统弯沉盆面积指数法(AREA)的基础上,从综合利用各个测点弯沉值信息的角度,以弯沉盆重心距离指标替代弯沉盆面积指数,推算相对刚度半径;并以实测弯沉盆误差最小为准则,计算板下地基反应模量,从理论上解决结构参数反演的多解性.在典型的刚性道面结构形式下,分析改进方法采用最佳的传感器数量以及可靠性.结果表明,改进后的方法可较大提升反演结果的可靠性,能有效处理测量误差.基于落锤式弯沉仪(FWD)实测数据的模型验证结果也表明,该改进方法相对于其他方法能减少拟合误差.采用五次多项式建立了无偏的回归模型,大大提高了反演的效率.     

曲指数族流形在无线传感器网络定位中的应用

利用信息几何中的统计流形理论和自然梯度流形学习定位方法,研究了基于接收信号强度（RSS）的无线传感器网络自定位问题.首先,通过概率密度函数构造了一个曲指数族定位模型;然后,针对给定初始状态值的未知目标节点定位问题,结合梯度下降法,提出了基于此模型的最优非线性估计方法及其改进算法.梯度下降法的良好性质和仿真结果表明,这些算法有很好的收敛效果和更高的定位精度.      

基于T-S模糊模型的观测器和动态输出反馈容错控制器设计

针对具有执行器故障和传感器故障的非线性系统,提出了一种基于T-S模型的观测器设计和动态输出反馈控制器设计方法。首先,将非线性系统转化为T-S模型,以此模型作为设计模型,利用扩展传感器故障为辅助状态向量的方式,将系统扩展为增维的T-S描述系统;然后,针对增维的T-S描述系统,设计模糊自适应观测器以达到对非线性系统的状态、执行器和传感器故障同时估计的目的;最后,基于观测器对传感器和执行器故障的估计,设计了一种动态输出反馈容错控制器以达到容错控制的目的,其中以线性矩阵不等式的方式给出了观测器和容错控制器存在的充分性条件。通过实例仿真验证了该文设计方法的有效性。     

基于Petri网与D-S证据理论的电力系统故障诊断

针对电力系统继电保护故障,利用概率Petri网对电力系统进行建模,获取有效的故障信息,并运用DS(Dempster-Shafer)证据理论对信息进行融合,得出诊断结果.针对传统D-S证据理论在处理冲突证据时会存在结果与源证据相悖的问题,在加权平均法的基础上提出一种改进的融合方法,根据各个证据到平均证据的距离与证据权重大小成反比的关系,计算每个证据的权重,再进行加权平均,最后利用D-S组合规则进行迭代计算.与传统方法相比,本文方法拥有更好的融合效果和更高的效率.仿真结果验证了改进方法的有效性.     

基于改进型辅助变量法的压力传感器建模

针对经典压力传感器建模方法存在适应性较差、难以准确获取压力传感器动态特性的问题,提出了一种基于改进型辅助变量法的压力传感器动态建模方法。首先运用粒子群算法预估计模型参数,将预估计的参数代入差分方程构造辅助变量。然后利用输入、输出数据用辅助变量法辨识模型的参数,进行压力传感器系统仿真,在不同噪声模型及信噪比下得到系统输出,分别用提出的方法和现有方法建模,比较建模结果的差异。最后用激波管动态校准实验平台对压力传感器进行动态校准。根据输入、输出数据构造信息矩阵并对其正交分解确定模型阶次,再次用提出的方法和现有方法建模,验证仿真结果。通过压力传感器系统仿真及实验数据验证表明：在压力传感器建模中,改进型辅助变量法的辨识精度明显高于现有方法。     

基于变采样周期的青霉素发酵过程多阶段建模及监控

在间歇生产过程故障监测与诊断中,多向主元分析（MPCA）是一种较为有效的方法,但由于其自身的线性化特点,使之难以处理复杂的非线性系统。针对发酵过程的特点,提出一种多阶段模型MPCA方法,用多阶段线性结构代替传统MPCA单模型线性化结构,以分段线性建模逼近非线性的方式,克服了传统MPCA方法处理非线性过程的不足,并根据不同阶段的变量关系的剧烈程度采取不同的采样周期,对建模数据进行优化筛选,从而提高了在线监控和故障诊断的准确性和及时性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with