用于路面车辙检测的线结构光图像处理流程

分析了激光线结构光车辙检测原理,提出了适应沥青路面纹理特征和技术状况的线结构光图像处理流程,包括路面横断面曲线提取和车辙特征参数提取.其中路面横断面曲线提取由光心提取、光心连接和光心曲线平滑实现.基于高斯拟合的光心提取用于确定线结构光位置,光心连接用线性插值得到完整的路面横断面曲线,而光心曲线平滑则可削弱路表纹理及其他干扰因素的影响.车辙特征参数提取在获取横断面包络线的基础上实现,最大车辙深度和曲线填充面积均可作为车辙评价参数,而路面横断面曲线也可用于路面横向变形特征的描述.模拟车辙试验表明,线结构光检测可以精确测量车辙深度,提出的图像处理流程具备可行性.     

基于红外技术的沥青路面积水结冰厚度测试方法与影响因素

为了检测路面安全状况,提出了一种基于红外技术的沥青路面积水结冰厚度测试方法.采用红外发光二极管和光电三极管集成制作了收发一体的光电传感器,实现了对路面干燥和潮湿状态的判断以及积水深度和结冰厚度的量化检测,并从环境温度、光照强度、泥水质量比、试件空隙率和路表纹理构造等方面分析了其影响规律.研究结果表明,取显著水平α=0.05,环境温度、光照强度和泥水质量比对输出电压无显著影响,试件空隙率和路表纹理构造则对输出电压有显著影响.利用开发的传感器和所提测试方法,能够显著区分不同空隙率和路表纹理下路面积水深度和结冰厚度,为实际工程应用提供参考.     

浅谈沥青混凝土路面离析及其试验评价

本文主要参考相关的研究资料,针对沥青路面离析的评价方法进行研究,重点对路面无损检测手段进行研究,希望通过对激光纹理构造深度仪对沥青路面表面的粗糙程度进行检测分析,来评价路面表面离析;采用无核密度仪对沥青路面内部密实程度的检测分析,来评价路面内部的离析状况,以指导施工。     

沥青路面的线激光测量方法及构造深度

路面构造的测量方法一直是路面抗滑性能研究的重点话题,为了弥补传统路面构造测量技术的精度不高、效率低下且测量范围代表性不足的缺陷,基于非接触式激光三角测距法原理,自主研发了一套超高速线激光测试系统。利用线性插值与空间拟合平面法对采集数据进行处理,有效重构了路面构造的三维形貌。基于传统铺砂法平均构造深度指标(MTD)和平均断面深度(MPD)测量原理,提出三维曲面构造深度计算方法,以改善人工铺砂法测量构造深度的主观性。最后通过几何学方法对比,验证了该计算方法的可靠性。试验结果表明基于面域扫描技术的线激光系统能够大幅度提高沥青路面构造的扫描效率与测量范围,测量数据三维直观,具有很高的应用价值。     

非接触式路面构造深度量值溯源技术

为了实现非接触式构造深度量值溯源,提升路面构造深度测量结果准确性及路面抗滑性能评价可靠性,采用高精度激光测距传感器作为主标准器,利用相对运动原理,从理论分析了用静态测量代替动态测量的科学合理性,克服了构造深度测量对象无法复制的难题。并在此基础上,从分析硬件组成和论述关键技术问题两方面,提出了一套由构造深度标准盘、高精度激光传感器和位移驱动及速度匹配装置3个核心部件组成的硬件装置,并通过实测数据评价了其不确定度。分析结果表明:应用提出的方法,复现量值的不确定度为0.3%,对激光构造深度仪进行了检验后,检测试验道路构造的深度为0.93mm,与应用铺砂法的测量结果一致。提出的方法为提高路面抗滑性能的可靠性评价提供了有效途径。     

路面人造纹理定向设计及其抗滑性能研究

【目的】研究路面表面人造纹理与抗滑性能之间的关系。【方法】利用3D打印技术定向设计并制备不同形状的人造纹理试件（包含三角形纹理、矩形纹理和半圆形纹理3种形状和纹理高度为1、2、3、4、5 mm的5种纹理）,并以4 mm高的三角形纹理设置了一组磨耗纹理试件,采用摆式摩擦试验、构造深度试验以及提取纹理顶部接触区域对各个试件的抗滑性能进行评价。【结果】2 mm高的三角形纹理和3 mm高的矩形纹理的抗滑性能最好,摆值均可达到107。在构造深度和摆值两个方面,三角形纹理和矩形纹理的抗滑性能相近,且均明显大于半圆形纹理的抗滑性能。随着磨损率的增大,摩擦接触面积增大,但纹理表面粗糙程度降低,导致抗滑性能逐渐衰减。【结论】纹理的抗滑性能主要取决于纹理的粗糙程度,而接触面积的影响相对较小。本文提供了一种定向纹理设计方法,为深入理解路面表面纹理与抗滑性能之间的关系提供借鉴与指导。     

三维激光断面仪调查系统工作原理及其应用

该文介绍了高速车载三维激光断面仪横向布置架构、工作原理及其在路面三维纹理中的调查应用.通过该设备提取了8种沥青路面纹理的平均高度(Ra)、平均断面深度(mean profile depth,MPD)、平均构造深度(mean texture depth,MTD)、均方根高度(root mean square height...     

基于图像纹理聚类的恶意代码家族标注方法

针对传统恶意代码标注分析方法中特征提取能力不足以及家族标注不统一、不规范、不精确且时效性差等问题,通过对大量恶意样本PE文件纹理构成和分布的研究,提出了基于内容纹理聚类的恶意代码深度标注方法。该方法对恶意代码的纹理指纹进行统计分析,从基准标注和深度标注这2个步骤对恶意代码家族进行归纳和分析,并结合VirusTotal分析方法、基于GLCM纹理特征空间构建方法和基于P-Stable LSH的近邻增量聚类算法,对恶意代码家族进行深度标注。实验结果表明,基于上述方法开发的原型系统具有家族标注准确率高、支持增量标注等优势,通过深度标注生成的基准标签实用性强,且对未知恶意代码检测具有积极意义。     

基于高精度激光断面高程的沥青路面MTD测量

为实现沥青路面构造深度非接触式自动测量,借助三维激光技术提出了一种基于断面高程的沥青路面构造深度测量方法.采用高精度三维激光扫描仪,采集不同级配沥青路面纹理高程数据,通过数字图像处理技术和平均曲率流光顺算法,提取并处理路面断面高程轮廓.结合蒙特卡洛期望法估算断面构造深度,实现平均构造深度测量,利用铺砂法进行对比验证,并与摆式摩擦仪测量结果进行相关性分析.试验结果表明,针对不同级配沥青路面,采用所提方法与铺砂法测量的MTD值的相对误差均小于等于6.63%,与抗滑值的相关系数高达0.97.     

辽宁省稀浆封层技术应用后评估

介绍了辽宁省稀浆封层的使用效果的抽样检测和评估结果.通过对检测路段的合理选择,系统检测了路面破损状况、摩擦系数、宏观构造深度、渗水系数等.分析了稀浆封层技术在我省应用情况,并对整体使用效果进行了评价.通过对稀浆封层路面病害类型和成因分析,以及对该技术带来的社会及经济效益讨论,提出了该项技术在我省的应用前景.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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