基于CMOS摄像头的智能车控制系统设计及实现

针对智能车因单条引导线信息量少而引起的误识别问题, 设计一种能自动识别和跟踪双边引导线的智能车系统。智能车以Freescale公司MC9S12XSl28作为核心控制器, 利用COMS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)摄像头OV7620作为路径信息采集装置, 对采集图像进行二值化处理、 去噪操作和边缘检测后提取路径信息、 进而准确地判别跑道的形状, 为舵机和电机提供控制依据, 以使小车平稳快速地行驶。同时, 提出将行驶状态与赛道信息综合考虑的措施, 并通过PID(Proportional Integral Differential)控制策略以及实验测试, 实现了对各种典型跑道的优化处理, 使高速行进中的智能车具有良好的转向调节能力和加减速响应能力。智能车可以在以白色为底面颜色, 两边有黑色引导线的跑道上运行, 克服了因单条引导线信息量少而引起的误识别问题。     

基于MC9S12XS128单片机的路径图像识别智能小车

本智能车的设计是以Freescale公司的MC9S12XS128单片机作为系统的控制核心,使用OV7620数字摄像头采集道路信息,单片机分析图像信息后确定行驶路径,再通过舵机来掌控小车的行驶方向。软件控制方面,使用PD算法控制舵机,位置式PID算法控制电机,实现对智能车运动方向和运动速度的闭环控制。整个系统涉及车模机械结构调整、传感器电路设计及信号处理、控制算法和策略优化等多个方面。实验结果表明,设计方案确实可行。     

基于单片机的智能车导航系统设计

智能车导航系统能自动寻迹,自主识别赛道且行驶准确稳定快速.在CodeWarrior开发环境中,采用C语言为设计软件,以Freescale 公司的MC9S12XS128B 单片机为控制芯片,外围控制电路及芯片驱动电路采用Protel 99SE为设计工具,由CMOS数字摄像头实现路径识别.仿真测试表明：本系统不仅能完成智能车对路径的识别功能,而且还具有很好的抗干扰能力,舵机转动快,电机控制稳定,具有良好的动态性能.     

基于CCD的自平衡智能车循迹系统的设计

介绍了一种基于线阵CCD两轮自平衡的智能车循迹系统。基于第八届飞思卡尔智能车大赛准则,该系统以飞思卡尔16位单片机MC9S12XS128作为核心控制器,以CCD作为路径识别装置检测路径信息,通过陀螺仪与加速度计测量智能车姿态,单片机获得传感器采集的路面信息及智能车姿态信息,经过分析后控制智能车的舵机转向,同时对直流电机进行调速,从而实现智能车自平衡和速度调节。在控制算法上采用模糊设定速度和PID调整速度相结合的算法,使智能车能够在自平衡状态下快速平稳的行驶。     

基于电磁技术的智能车路径识别的研究

介绍了一种以Freescale公司MC9S12XS128单片机为核心控制单元的自循迹智能车系统,快速、准确的提取和处理赛道信息,是智能车灵敏的沿既定的赛道快速行进的必要保证。对基于电磁技术的智能车路径识别技术进行了研究,给出了基于运算放大电路的路径识别方法。测试表明,该方法具有良好的实时性和准确性。     

基于CCD的智能车寻迹方法

介绍自主式寻迹智能车的设计,探讨采用电荷耦合器件(CCD)作为路径采集模块实现自主寻迹的软硬件设计方法.系统以Texas Instrument公司的TMS320LF2407A为主控制器,实现了对CCD输出的黑白视频信号的实时采集处理,通过边沿提取算法获得路径信息,对舵机和驱动电机采用P控制算法,使得智能车行驶快速流畅.研究表明此设计方案可在黑白(或色差较大)赛道上获得良好的自主寻迹效果.     

一种基于光电传感的路径识别智能车

介绍了一种基于红外激光管的快速路径识别智能车系统。系统采用Freescale 16位单片机MC9S12DG128做为核心控制器,并用光电传感器采集道路信息以使智能车行驶于既定道路上。通过计算讨论了舵机转臂长度的取值范围,解决了系统的滞后问题;还以偏距计时与当前速度相结合的方式制定出控制策略,使智能车系统能快速平稳地寻迹行驶。     

基于线阵CCD的智能小车路径识别系统

文章介绍了一种基于飞思卡尔HCS12单片机的智能车路径识别系统,该系统以CCD摄像头传感器作为检测装置,直接采集CCD输出的模拟信号,通过图像识别提取当前路径信息;与常规的光电传感器识别路径方案相比,使用摄像头传感器可以获取更多的路径信息,使智能车按任意给定的黑色引导线以较快的速度平稳地运行;实验证明该方法简便可靠,具有很好的前瞻性,能够满足智能车路径识别的需求.     

智能小车路径识别及速度控制系统的实现

本文介绍了智能小车路径识别及速度控制系统具体实现方法。在该系统中,由CMOS摄像头实现路径识别,直流电机作为驱动,舵机控制方向,旋转编码器检测速度,利用非线性PID算法实现小车的路径跟踪、速度的闭环控制,使小车能按照给定的引导线平稳、快速地行驶。实验证明：系统能很好地满足智能车对路径识别性能和抗干扰能力的要求,舵机调节响应时间快,稳态误差小,具有较好的动态性能和良好的鲁棒性。     

基于Adriano控制器的寻线智能车设计

以飞思卡尔模型C车为车载平台,基于Adriano开发环境,采用红外线传感器进行路径检测,设计了一种寻线智能车.该智能车主要包括微控制器(MCU)模块、电机及驱动模块、舵机模块、路径识别模块.通过系统软、硬件的调试,小车能够稳定的沿引导轨迹运行,行驶效果良好,验证了系统设计可行性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has