开路和短路电学边界外延铁电薄膜的畴结构及铁电性能

考虑基体对外延铁电薄膜内畴变的约束,采用应力函数方法求解外延铁电薄膜畴变时的本征应力,并结合相场法分析了不同电学边界条件下铁电薄膜的畴结构与极化强度.对短路电学边界下PbTiO_3外延铁电薄膜畴结构的计算表明,由a畴到a/c/a畴转变时的薄膜厚度与采用有限元方法模拟的结果十分接近.通过对开路电学边界下铁电薄膜畴结构的分析发现,由a畴到a/c/a畴转变时的薄膜厚度远大于短路条件下的转变厚度.基体约束引起的应力变化使得薄膜内畴结构出现a畴和a/c/a畴的分层.铁电薄膜的平均自发极化强度随厚度的增加而增加,从a畴向多畴转变后,极化强度有显著的增加.     

铁电测量数字分析法

当温度、压力、电场同时或分别单独变化时,铁电体的极化电荷讯号经数字化之后,由数字电路和电子计算机进行数据处理,先后经历四次积分运算,每次都给出一种有意义的结果。本方法可用于压电、热释电和电滞回线的测量,提高了热释电系数的测量精确度和温度分辨率。对于钛酸钡单晶体的回线的测量,与不同方法的结果进行了比较,数字分析法更为精确,从中可以分出原始电畴中α畴和c 畴对极化强度的贡献,并得到两种畴的不同运动规律.     

Si/SiN_x多层膜能带结构的理论研究

利用Kronig-Penney模型计算了Si/SiNx多层膜结构中Si亚层的能带结构.结果表明,无论是减少Si或Si/SiNx亚层的厚度都将导致Si层的带隙发生宽化,计算结果与实验值符合较好.进而还发现,当Si层厚度减小时,Si/SiNx多层膜结构中载流子(电子和空穴)的有效质量均减小,有利于对载流子复合发光的控制.计算结果对实验上研究发光可控的Si/SiNx多层膜结构有重要指导意义.     

(Pb,La)TiO_3铁电薄膜的铁电畴的研究

压电力显微镜(PFM)和非线性介电扫描显微镜(SNDM)是近年来发展起来的一项专门测量压电系数的技术.本实验中,分别通过LPFM,VPFM,SNDM观察了(Pb,La)Ti O3薄膜的面内畴、面间畴和非线性介电常数的分布.分析结果表明,薄膜内部存在面内极化电畴、向上、向下的电畴以及介电常数分布具有非线性特性.PFM可以描绘薄膜电畴的三维立体图形,SNDM和PFM都可以较好地表征铁电薄膜的表面极化状态.     

关于群的一个定义

在M·Hall著的群论中用“除法”给出了群的一个定义,该定义为:群G是一元素之集G(a,b,…),具有二元运算a/b满足;L0.对G之每有序元素偶a,b确定唯一元素a/b=c∈GL1.a/a=b/bL2.a/(b/b)=a (Ⅰ)L3.(a/a)/(b/c)=c/bL4.(a/c)/(b/c)=a/b     

铁电相变的简谐子软模图像

在自由边界条件下计算了立方钛酸钡有限尺寸晶体中原子的简谐振动模 ,发现许多简谐子软模。用这些软模花样说明了晶体冷却时发生具有a畴和c畴结构的铁电相变。理论表明铁电相变过程涉及屏蔽电荷的激发及其在界面的缓慢扩散 ,以最后得出各个电畴内部的均匀自发极化。铁电相变过程的这些细节 ,都得到了实验的有力证明     

多层膜控制静磁表面波的色散特性研究

本文对在复合多层膜结构中传播静磁表面波的色散特性进行了分析;计算机计算给出的复合多层膜结构的延迟色散曲线与实验结果一致.实验表明,在大于400MHz的频宽上得到线性度十分良好的线性延迟.     

双层压电板的180°畴中传播的SH型电声表面波研究

本文从一般的压电方程出发,给出了在双层压电板的180°畴中传播的SH型电声表面波波解,着重讨论了两层的厚度相等时的情况,并给出了其色散关系及波场的空间分布.理论分析和实验测试均表明等厚双层压电板与铁电畴层波波导具有相似的传输特性,且更有利于低频信号的传输.     

层状结构中的电声波Ⅰ沿界面传播的研究

本文给出了多层180°畴结构中铁电畴层表面波的理论分析,得出了色散方程和色散曲线.发现当层数N很大时,多模色散曲线形成一个色散带.文中分析了三种典型的色散曲线.     

不同压电陶瓷中的铁电畴层波

本文对SH型压电表面波在由不同压电陶瓷组成的180°畴层结构中的传播问题进行了讨论,通过理论分析和数值计算得出了铁电畴层波在此结构中传播时的存在条件和色散关系.文中给出了铁电畴层波的一般化存在条件.研究结果表明,层状结构中除了Love型波外,还能传播另一类SH型表面波,即铁电畴层波.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that