由自引力支配的负能谱系统的稳定性

在正、负能谱热力学理论的基础上建立了正、负能谱系统稳定平衡判据间的互补对应,又根据L.D. Landau关于负能谱系统存在条件的论述,并结合广义相对论中经修改了的较精确的引力公式,论述了高密度自引力塌缩物质是负能谱系统存在的重要形式,最后根据负能谱系统稳定平衡判据论证了负能谱系统平衡态的稳定性.     

高密度物质是负能谱系统存在的必然形式

负能谱的存在，尤其是稳定的负能谱系统的存在是建立负能谱热力学理论的基础性依据．根据Landau关于负能谱和负能谱系统存在的论述，对负能谱存在问题进行了深入探讨．     

高密度物质是负能谱系统存在的必然形式浇

负能谱的存在,尤其是稳定的负能谱系统的存在是建立负能谱热力学理论的基础性依据.根据Landau关于负能谱和负能谱系统存在的论述,对负能谱存在问题进行了深入探讨.     

非自治广义Birkhoff系统的半负定矩阵梯度系统表示

研究非自治广义Birkhoff系统的半负定矩阵梯度系统表示。给出了非自治广义Birkhoff系统成为半负定矩阵梯度系统的条件,利用半负定矩阵梯度系统的性质来研究解的稳定性。举例说明结果的应用。     

再论负能谱系统存在的必然性

根据Landau的负能谱理论，探讨了高密度物质中存在负能谱系统的可能性，首先介绍了Landau的负能谱理论，进一步利用星体内部场的结构方程-TOV方程分别讨论了相对论流体，超相对论流体中形成负能谱的可能性，最后对相对论量子系统中形成负能谱的条件也作了基础性阐述．     

系统的能谱、温度和熵的演化(Ⅰ)——平衡系统

建立了负能谱系统热力学，并进而确立了正，负能谱中平衡系统系统间在热力学量，物理过程和演化规律之间的互补对应关系。     

负能谱中的黑洞热力学

根据LandauLD的负能谱论述,论证了高密度自引力系统是实际存在的负能谱系统,进一步以负能谱理论研讨了黑洞的视界温度、熵以及熵的演化.最后,讨论了黑洞的热力学第三定律.     

稳态黑洞是处于全无界能谱中的系统

对稳态黑洞能谱的基本特征进行了研究．研究表明稳态黑洞是处于全无界能谱中的系统．在其外视界之外正、负能谱之间禁带能隙消失在外视界面上．在外视之外，黑体辐射系统或正能谱系统易于激发；反之，根据Landau的负能谱理论，在外视界之内负能谱系统易于激发．因此，黑洞的外视界是正、负能谱系统的交接面，在黑洞外视界以外黑洞显示为正能谱系统，而在黑洞外视界以内黑洞又显示为负能谱系统．有鉴于此，我们提出了一个判据，利用这个判据可以很容易地确定黑洞的热力学类型．     

基于负脉冲输入整形法抑制一种3自由度并联机器人的振动

为了获得快速、准确的系统运动响应,设计了负脉冲输入整形器.介绍了一个3自由度并联机器人系统,以及系统模型和动态方程.给出了含有负脉冲的ZV,ZVD,EI输入整形器的构造方法,并应用到这个3自由度机器人系统.从减少系统响应的时间延迟、鲁棒性等方面对负脉冲整形器进行研究,并与正脉冲输入整形器进行了对比.数字仿真的结果证明负脉冲输入整形器能够在抑制残余振动的同时减少系统响应的时间延迟.     

基于时间优化的多模态输入整形法抑制柔性系统的振动

多模态输入整形器能够很好地抑制多模态系统的残余振动,而且通过时间优化能够减少系统响应的时间延迟.介绍了两种基于时间优化的多模态输入整形器:多模态部分和负脉冲输入整形器与多模态单位幅度负脉冲输入整形器.构建了一种三自由度柔性机器人的两模态部分和负脉冲与单位幅度负脉冲输入整形器.通过数字仿真,这两种输入整形器在有效抑制机器人残余振动的同时减少了系统响应的时间延迟,且两模态单位幅度负脉冲输入整形器能够改善系统减振的效果.     

Kane固体量子计算机中核自旋读出

在2个量子位(qubit)的体系中,对Kane固体量子计算机模型的通过电子状态与核子自旋状态的交换进行测量的方法进行了研究。从2个量子位系统的Hamilton量出发,根据总自旋在外磁场方向的总投影分成5个不变子空间,构造它们的块对角矩阵形式。分析了它们所有的本征值和本征态随电子之间交换相互作用的大小的变化关系。结果表明:利用核自旋和电子自旋交换来测量核自旋的方法是有一定适用范围的,在2个量子位与2个电子的系统中的16个态中,只有4个可以利用这种方法来测量。     

Optical pumping of a single hole spin in a quantum dot

The spin of an electron is a natural two-level system for realizing a quantum bit in the solid state. For an electron trapped in a semiconductor quantum dot, strong quantum confinement highly suppresses the detrimental effect of phonon-related spin relaxation. However, this advantage is offset by the hyperfine interaction between the electron spin and the 10(4) to 10(6) spins of the host nuclei in the quantum dot. Random fluctuations in the nuclear spin ensemble lead to fast spin decoherence in about ten nanoseconds. Spin-echo techniques have been used to mitigate the hyperfine interaction, but completely cancelling the effect is more attractive. In principle, polarizing all the nuclear spins can achieve this but is very difficult to realize in practice. Exploring materials with zero-spin nuclei is another option, and carbon nanotubes, graphene quantum dots and silicon have been proposed. An alternative is to use a semiconductor hole. Unlike an electron, a valence hole in a quantum dot has an atomic p orbital which conveniently goes to zero at the location of all the nuclei, massively suppressing the interaction with the nuclear spins. Furthermore, in a quantum dot with strong strain and strong quantization, the heavy hole with spin-3/2 behaves as a spin-1/2 system and spin decoherence mechanisms are weak. We demonstrate here high fidelity (about 99 per cent) initialization of a single hole spin confined to a self-assembled quantum dot by optical pumping. Our scheme works even at zero magnetic field, demonstrating a negligible hole spin hyperfine interaction. We determine a hole spin relaxation time at low field of about one millisecond. These results suggest a route to the realization of solid-state quantum networks that can intra-convert the spin state with the polarization of a photon.     

129Cs的原子核形状研究

利用重离子融合蒸发反应124Sn(11B,6n)129Cs布居了129Cs的高自旋态,束流能量为65 MeV。实验重建了129Cs的能级纲图,几条新的能级被观测到。利用多普勒线移衰减法测量了部分转动带的能级寿命,提取了129Cs转动带的电四极矩。转动带的旋称劈裂显示,g7/2,h11/2转动带的顺排分别来至于质子顺排和中子顺排。根据提取的电四极矩分析可以看出,在较低自旋处,h11/2转动带的电四极矩小于g7/2转动带;129Cs的3个转动带在准粒子顺排后,原子核形状均发生了明显变化。TRS理论计算结果较好反映了g7/2,h11/2轨道质子对129Cs原子核不同γ形状的驱动效应。     

Spectroscopy of spontaneous spin noise as a probe of spin dynamics and magnetic resonance

Not all noise in experimental measurements is unwelcome. Certain fundamental noise sources contain valuable information about the system itself-a notable example being the inherent voltage fluctuations (Johnson noise) that exist across any resistor, which allow the temperature to be determined. In magnetic systems, fundamental noise can exist in the form of random spin fluctuations. For example, statistical fluctuations of N paramagnetic spins should generate measurable noise of order N spins, even in zero magnetic field. Here we exploit this effect to perform perturbation-free magnetic resonance. We use off-resonant Faraday rotation to passively detect the magnetization noise in an equilibrium ensemble of paramagnetic alkali atoms; the random fluctuations generate spontaneous spin coherences that precess and decay with the same characteristic energy and timescales as the macroscopic magnetization of an intentionally polarized or driven ensemble. Correlation spectra of the measured spin noise reveal g-factors, nuclear spin, isotope abundance ratios, hyperfine splittings, nuclear moments and spin coherence lifetimes-without having to excite, optically pump or otherwise drive the system away from thermal equilibrium. These noise signatures scale inversely with interaction volume, suggesting a possible route towards non-perturbative, sourceless magnetic resonance of small systems.     

动力学去耦提升N@C_（60）@C_（60）H_（28）单晶中电子自旋相干时间的实验研究

内嵌富勒烯N@C60与C60H28分子共结晶形成的单晶N@C60@C60H28,能够实现N@C60的有序排列,从而在实现基于内嵌富勒烯的可扩展量子计算上具有着突出的潜力.本项研究中,我们对单晶N@C60@C60H28中氮电子自旋的弛豫时间和弛豫机制做了详细的测试和分析,厘清了N@C60@C60H28样品中氮电子自旋相干时间（T2）降低的主要原因来自C60H28分子中质子核自旋热库的影响.通过动力学去耦实验技术,我们进一步有效地抑制了这一不利影响,实现了氮电子自旋T2时间的显著提升.这一研究结果对于更好地保护编码于有序富勒烯内电子自旋上的量子信息,进而实现量子计算,具有重要的意义.     

Triplet-singlet spin relaxation via nuclei in a double quantum dot

The spin of a confined electron, when oriented originally in some direction, will lose memory of that orientation after some time. Physical mechanisms leading to this relaxation of spin memory typically involve either coupling of the electron spin to its orbital motion or to nuclear spins. Relaxation of confined electron spin has been previously measured only for Zeeman or exchange split spin states, where spin-orbit effects dominate relaxation; spin flips due to nuclei have been observed in optical spectroscopy studies. Using an isolated GaAs double quantum dot defined by electrostatic gates and direct time domain measurements, we investigate in detail spin relaxation for arbitrary splitting of spin states. Here we show that electron spin flips are dominated by nuclear interactions and are slowed by several orders of magnitude when a magnetic field of a few millitesla is applied. These results have significant implications for spin-based information processing.     

Gate-voltage control of spin interactions between electrons and nuclei in a semiconductor.

Semiconductors are ubiquitous in device electronics, because their charge distributions can be conveniently manipulated with voltages to perform logic operations. Achieving a similar level of control over the spin degrees of freedom, either from electrons or nuclei, could provide intriguing prospects for both information processing and the study of fundamental solid-state physics issues. Here we report procedures that carry out the controlled transfer of spin angular momentum between electrons-confined to two dimensions and subjected to a perpendicular magnetic field-and the nuclei of the host semiconductor, using gate voltages only. We show that the spin transfer rate can be enhanced near a ferromagnetic ground state of the electron system, and that the induced nuclear spin polarization can be subsequently stored and 'read out'. These techniques can also be combined into a spectroscopic tool to detect the low-energy collective excitations in the electron system that promote the spin transfer. The existence of such excitations is contingent on appropriate electron-electron correlations, and these can be tuned by changing, for example, the electron density via a gate voltage.     

NSG系统和分数阶金融系统的有界性及其同步

研究了两个混沌系统的有界性及其同步问题,解决了NSG系统和分数阶金融系统的有界性问题,在这两个混沌系统有界的条件下,用线性反馈控制实现有界混沌系统的同步,数值模拟的结果证明了这个方法的有效性.     

超形变核态的相对论对称性研究

相对论对称性在原子核的壳层结构及其演化中扮演重要角色.探讨超形变核态的相对论对称性,利用相对论平均场理论计算超形变核态的结合能、单粒子能级,提取单粒子能级的自旋和赝自旋能量劈裂,分析这些能量劈裂与原子核形变及自旋和赝自旋双重态量子数间的关系,进而研究超形变核态的自旋和赝自旋对称性及其随形变变化的规律,结果表明超形变核态的自旋和赝自旋对称性与双重态量子数和形变都相关.     

Controlled multiple quantum coherences of nuclear spins in a nanometre-scale device

The analytical technique of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is based on coherent quantum mechanical superposition of nuclear spin states. Recently, NMR has received considerable renewed interest in the context of quantum computation and information processing, which require controlled coherent qubit operations. However, standard NMR is not suitable for the implementation of realistic scalable devices, which would require all-electrical control and the means to detect microscopic quantities of coherent nuclear spins. Here we present a self-contained NMR semiconductor device that can control nuclear spins in a nanometre-scale region. Our approach enables the direct detection of (otherwise invisible) multiple quantum coherences between levels separated by more than one quantum of spin angular momentum. This microscopic high sensitivity NMR technique is especially suitable for probing materials whose nuclei contain multiple spin levels, and may form the basis of a versatile multiple qubit device.