计及多类型需求响应的光伏微网储能容量优化配置

储能系统接入对于分布式光伏发电具有重要意义,合理配置储能容量可以有效平抑光伏发电的波动性和间歇性,同时提高光伏消纳能力。在考虑多类型需求响应方式下,建立了以微网总成本和光伏消纳率为目标函数的储能容量优化配置模型。首先引入激励型需求响应模型和价格型需求响应模型;然后根据两类响应方式对电网稳定运行及光伏消纳的影响,建立以最大化光伏、负荷时序一致性和负荷峰谷差两种指标满意度的综合响应模型;最后基于并网型光储微网运行策略,采用双层优化算法对光伏微网模型求解。通过某一实际运行微网为算例,分析验证了模型和算法的有效性。结果表明,多类型需求响应结合方式使得用户用电方式更为合理,微网经济性得到改善。     

微网热电储能容量配置优化

可再生能源发电和负荷具有随机性,因而储能装置是保证微网安全稳定的重要组成部分.针对某热电联供微网,提出了类比蓄电池的蓄热罐出力建模方法,在此基础上建立了基于经济调度热电储能优化配置模型.采用多场景方法考虑微网中的随机因素,运用人工蜂群算法优化不同容量下微网运行方式,比较不同储能容量下微网的综合成本,从而确定最优储能方案.通过算例验证了所提方法、模型能有效降低微网的综合成本.     

考虑源荷功率不确定性的海上风力发电多微网两阶段优化调度

针对海上风力发电多微网源荷功率不确定性大、经济效益低的问题,提出考虑源荷不确定性的海上风力发电多微网两阶段优化调度方法,以提升海上风力发电多微网的日运行收益.所提两阶段优化调度方法包括日前和时前两个阶段.在日前阶段,所提方法基于风力发电出力和负荷需求预测数据,考虑预测误差的分布特征,建立随机优化模型,制定燃油发电机组组合计划和电池储能荷电状态值,从而最大化日运行收益的期望值.在日前优化的基础上,依托时前风力发电出力和负荷需求的预测数据,建立确定性优化模型,通过调节燃油发电机组出力、风力发电出力和电池储能充放电功率,最大化每小时的运行收益.以实际工程中的海上风力发电多微网源荷预测数据为基础,建立仿真模型,对所提方法进行验证.仿真结果表明,与传统调度方法相比,所提两阶段优化调度方法可以提高运行收益和风力发电资源整体消纳率.     

基于光伏发电量预测的含氢储能微网分段优化调度

针对多储能微网如何高效、经济运行,搭建了基于光伏发电的含氢储能、蓄电池储能的微网系统,采用一种日前预测调度与日内实时调度相结合的分段调度策略。在日前预测调度阶段,采用基于麻雀搜索算法优化支持向量机模型提高对日前的光伏发电量和负荷预测的精度,以微网最小使用成本为目标,考虑系统运行的可靠性,采用改进粒子群算法制定微网的日前最优调度策略。在日内调度阶段,考虑氢储能系统的响应延迟特性,以蓄电池为灵活补充元件,制定实时调整微网运行策略,消除预测误差带来的影响。最后,结合实际算例分析,验证了分段优化调度的可行性。结果表明,提出的方法能够有效预测数据,减少微网调度的响应时间,提高系统运行的经济性和稳定性。     

基于混沌多目标粒子群算法的综合能源调度

目的 针对当前综合能源系统中资源协同优化效率不足、微网运行经济性和环保性差的问题,提出了一种计及风电储能及不稳定因素的微网优化调度方法。方法 该方法在微网负荷侧需求响应对新能源消纳影响的基础上,以消纳新能源和削峰填谷为目的,提出了优化负荷曲线的方案;然后,考虑微网调度侧风电出力的不稳定性以及微网内部设备的耦合,进行优化调度以降低微网运行成本、减少环境惩罚费用并提高风电消纳平稳性;最后,采用混沌多目标粒子群算法对优化问题进行求解,并在风电不稳定度占比0%、5%、10%和15%时进行了算例仿真分析。结果 当风电不稳定度为10%和加入风电储能,系统运行成本和环境治理费用最少,比方案1和无风电储能少6 919.4元,风电平稳量也提高38 kWh。在电热冷网中,负荷侧加入需求响应后,系统得到稳定运行和能源合理利用,可以很好地满足负荷侧用能需求。从算法对比中,混沌多目标粒子群算法加入自适应权重和变异率后,具有较强的全局搜索能力和更好的准确性。结论 该方法通过合理设置风电不稳定度能够有效降低运行成本和环境惩罚费用,提高风电稳定性,其次,负荷侧的需求响应可以一定程度地削峰填谷和消纳新能源。     

含光热电站的热电联供型微网储热容量双层优化配置

含可再生能源的微网已成为能源领域重要的发展趋势，在此背景下，针对热电联产微网中储能优化配置的不足，构建了含有光热电站的热电联供型微网储热容量双层优化配置模型。上层模型以极小化光热电站日投资成本和热电联产微网日运行成本为优化目标，下层以极小化热电联产微网日运行成本为优化目标。利用Karush-Kuhn-Tucker最优性条件将双层模型转化为单层模型。算例证明了基于光热电站的储热系统提升了微网的经济性以及微网消纳可再生能源的能力，并分析了光热电站的储热容量和储热成本对热电联产微网投资成本和运行成本的影响，同时验证了所提双层规划模型的有效性。     

基于改进布谷鸟算法的微网储能系统控制策略研究

为优化微网运行,以保障电力供需平衡并促进可再生能源消纳,对含储能的并网型微网的电池储能系统控制策略进行研究。首先,构建基于滚动时域控制的微网储能系统控制策略混合整数线性规划(mixed integer linear programming,MILP)模型;其次,采用改进的布谷鸟(modified cuckoo search,MCS)算法对模型进行计算;最后,进行算例分析,研究最优控制策略下微网信号与电池信号的特征,并对算法的收敛性与其他算法进行比较,以验证模型和算法的有效性。研究结果表明,不同的微网运行目标会影响储能系统控制策略,进而影响微网的信号特征;MCS算法在收敛速度、计算时间和经济性上较传统的布谷鸟(cuckoo search,CS)算法和差分进化(differential evolution,DE)算法有显著提高。     

含光伏的天然气冷热电联供园区微网能量优化调度

天然气冷热电联供园区微网集供冷、供热、供电和供气于一体,具有能源梯级利用的优势,能够有效地提高能源的利用率,减少污染物的排放.本研究针对天然气冷热电联供园区微网的能量优化调度问题,以最小运行费用为目标建立了天然气冷热电联供园区微网的多时段动态优化调度模型,考虑了供冷网、供热网、供电网和供气网的网络运行特性约束,以及储电、储冷和储热多种类型储能装置对微网调度的影响.并基于场景法建立了考虑光伏出力随机波动的园区微网能量优化调度模型,通过快速调节储能装置的储放能功率等措施来平衡光伏出力的不确定波动.以某个天然气冷热电联供园区微网为例,验证了所提出优化调度模型的正确有效性.计算结果表明,所获得的微网运行调度方案能有效节约能量消耗,降低微网运行费用;多种类型储能装置的协同运行能够更有效地降低微网的运行费用,并有利于平抑光伏发电的不确定波动.     

考虑需求侧资源的含风电电力系统两阶段优化调度

风电场接入电力系统会造成系统运行成本增加、稳定性降低等问题,引入需求侧资源是解决该问题的重要手段之一。为了探究价格型与激励型需求响应的互补性,通过协调调用基于消费者心理学模型的价格型需求侧响应,以及激励型需求侧响应参与电力系统的优化调度中,对比分析了不同调用模式下的电力系统运行成本。针对传统粒子群算法易陷入局部最优解的缺点,提出一种自适应动态调节惯性权重的改进粒子群算法对模型求解。结果表明所提模型有效降低了系统运行成本,不同类型需求侧响应具有互补性。     

考虑需求侧多能源响应的虚拟电厂优化运行策略

虚拟电厂技术为聚合分布式能源和用户侧资源参与能源市场交易提供了有效手段.针对综合能源场景下能源供需互动不足的问题,基于虚拟电厂内多能源聚合商参与需求响应为背景,建立了一种综合考虑了储能设备、能源耦合设备、分布式可再生能源发电、多能源市场交易及激励型综合需求响应的虚拟电厂两阶段优化运行模型,第一阶段为虚拟电厂最优经济调度模型,第二阶段为聚合商-用户的双层规划综合需求响应模型,并给出了各阶段模型的求解方法.仿真结果表明:策略在降低虚拟电厂调度成本、聚合商补偿成本以及用户的舒适度损失方面具有良好优势.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with