脆性岩石三轴卸荷实验研究

根据煤矿现场复杂高应力脆性围岩巷道顶板变形、破坏实际，对其岩石试样进行了卸荷破坏三轴实验，研究深部复杂高应力脆性破坏围岩的变形、破坏机理及其力学特性。实验研究结果表明，在深部复杂高应力环境下，中等稳定脆性围岩巷道顶板破坏属于卸荷不平衡力引起的变形破坏，必须采用围岩一支护体之间的刚度、强度、变形相互耦合支护技术，才能有效防止巷道顶板发生剪切、错动或断裂破坏。     

岩石破坏德鲁克-普拉格准则的探讨

岩石的强度理论，反映了岩石在复杂应力状态下的破坏法则，它与岩石的破坏机理密切相关。强度理论，不仅要能解释岩石破坏的原因、破坏的形态，而且要能确定岩石破坏时的应力状态或变形状态．目前的强度理论则多数是从应力的观点来考察材料破坏的．本文就德鲁克-普拉格准则进行探讨。     

边坡变形破坏力学分析与稳定性评价——以溃屈破坏为例

目前边坡问题已越来越受到重视。边坡的失稳破坏，将会给工程和人类生活造成极大的破坏，公路边坡是否稳定以及防护治理措施是否合理是公路设计、建设和运营中必须考虑的问题。本文以溃曲破坏为例，结合和硕一一库尔勒高速公路的实际情况，对其破坏机制、形成条件与力学性能进行分析，进而提出工程上实用的稳定性评价方法。为人们认识溃曲破坏边坡类型、合理采取有效措施治理溃曲破坏失稳边坡提供计算依据，具有较大的实用价值。     

基于Barton-Bandis准则的岩体破坏模式快速识别方法

岩体由岩石和结构面网络组成，结构面强度模型对岩体稳定性分析起着决定性影响。本文详细探讨了Barton-Bandis准则在岩体结构破坏模式判断中的应用。首先，推导了当结构面服从Barton-Bandis准则时，结构面屈服时倾角的取值范围，提出了结构面屈服的判据，并采用数值模拟法验证了理论推导结果的正确性；基于理论推导的结果，并假定岩石服从Mohr-Coulomb准则，提出了一种岩体结构破坏模式的快速识别方法，将岩体结构破坏分为“不发生破坏”、“沿结构面发生破坏”、“沿岩石发生破坏”和“同时沿岩石和结构面发生破坏”四种模式，并验证了该识别方法的正确性。本文研究成果可以为工程实践的岩体结构破坏识别提供理论指导和技术支持。     

弹丸在多层复合介质中的爆炸破坏效应研究

根据实验得到的运动弹丸在多层复合介质中不同深度爆炸时产生的弹坑形状、体积及破坏面积，对破坏效应进行了理论分析，建立了弹丸在多层复合介质中的爆炸破坏分区；考虑主要影响破坏效果因素条件下应用量纲分析方法，并结合实验数据得到了破坏参数与比炸深的无量纲关系式和关系曲线，由这些曲线能够方便地查找所需最佳破坏效果对应的比炸深，在相同条件下，该结果可推广到类似目标的爆炸破坏效应分析。     

破坏广播电视设施罪构罪标准探讨——以选择性罪名的内涵为视角

破坏广播电视设施的行为，可能对广播电视正常运行造成严重破坏。但目前没有相关法律对破坏广播电视设施罪的构罪标准进行明确解释。本文通过分析破坏广播电视设施罪的构罪标准，以其选择性罪名，印破坏公用电信设施罪的构罪标准作为参照，确定破坏广播电视设施罪与非罪、此罪与彼罪界限。     

厚桩承台承载力的试验研究

为探讨厚桩承台的合理设计计算方法，本文完成了７５个厚桩承台试件的模型试验，包括两桩台、三桩台、四桩台及六桩台试件，所有三、四、六桩厚承台试件破坏属于冲剪破坏，两桩台试件中，部分发生剪切破坏，部分发生弯曲破坏。     

浅谈沥青路面早期破坏原因及施工控制措施

沥青路面早期破坏是沥青路面的通病，路面的早期破坏，既影响了正常交通运输，又造成巨大的经济损失，本文从设计、施工等几个方面对半刚性基层沥青路面早期破坏的原因进行分析，并提出施工控制措施。     

考虑水泥土软化特性的桩承加筋路堤渐进破坏研究

针对目前水泥土桩承加筋路堤稳定性计算较少考虑水泥土应变软化特性的不足，采用无筋水泥材料破坏后特性的应变软化模型(Concrete Model, CM)研究桩承加筋路堤的失稳过程，通过分析不同位置桩体受力特性和桩体塑性区的发展情况，探究桩体的破坏顺序及破坏模式.结果表明：CM模型能够准确地模拟应变软化对水泥土剪切和弯曲破坏的影响，忽略水泥土桩的应变软化特性会高估桩承加筋路堤稳定性；水泥土桩破坏由桩身弯矩和轴力分布控制，桩体破坏诱发的应力释放引起临近桩体的内力变化，导致临近桩体发生渐进破坏；坡面下的桩体容易发生弯曲破坏，破坏方向由坡脚向路堤中心延伸，而路面下的桩体容易发生剪切破坏，破坏方向由路堤中心向坡脚延伸；加筋体刚度的提高会降低桩体的弯矩，桩承加筋路堤的破坏模式由渐进破坏转变为承载力不足的瞬时破坏.     

填筑形成的码头岸坡稳定分析

利用极限平衡方法及有限元计算，求解深圳A港岸坡破坏的稳定分析及应力场和位移场，并探讨了填筑形成岸坡的破坏模式、破坏原因及稳定计算方法；发现由块石、碎石和砂填筑形成的岸坡的破坏面属于非圆弧滑动面，淤泥层的存在对岸坡的稳定有很大影响，其破坏模式和破坏原因等与其他形式的码头岸坡有显著的不同。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with